鐘美云 許振鐸
Hello, boys and girls!本單元我們要學(xué)習(xí)的語(yǔ)法重點(diǎn)是現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí),下面讓我們開始今天的“現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)”課堂吧!
◆知識(shí)網(wǎng)絡(luò):
現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表示現(xiàn)在或現(xiàn)階段正在發(fā)生或進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作或者存在的狀態(tài)。由“助動(dòng)詞be(am, is, are)+動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在分詞(v-ing)”構(gòu)成。其中的am, is, are在人稱和數(shù)上與主語(yǔ)保持一致。如:
He is doing his homework now. 他正在做家庭作業(yè)。
◆句式結(jié)構(gòu):
★肯定式:主語(yǔ)+am/is/are+v-ing
★否定式:主語(yǔ)+am/is/are+not+v-ing
★一般疑問(wèn)式及其回答:
Am/Is/Are+主語(yǔ)+v-ing?
Yes, 主語(yǔ)+am/is/are.
No, 主語(yǔ)+am not/isnt/arent.
★特殊疑問(wèn)式:特殊疑問(wèn)詞+am/is/are+主語(yǔ)+v-ing?
◆判定方法:
1.現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)在多數(shù)情況下是通過(guò)now來(lái)判定的。如:
Steve is playing soccer now. 史蒂夫正在踢足球。
2.以動(dòng)詞“Look!”,“Listen!”等開頭的句子,提示我們說(shuō)話時(shí)動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行,應(yīng)該用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)。如:
Look! They are swimming in the river. 看!他們?cè)诤永镉斡尽?/p>
3.描述圖片中人物的動(dòng)作時(shí)常用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí),以示生動(dòng)。如:
Look at the picture!The children are skating on the lake.
看這幅畫!孩子們正在湖面上滑冰。
4.通過(guò)前后的語(yǔ)言環(huán)境、時(shí)間等來(lái)說(shuō)明動(dòng)作發(fā)生的時(shí)間,也可由特定的語(yǔ)境來(lái)表達(dá)。如:
Lily is writing. Tom, what are you doing?
莉莉在寫字。湯姆,你在干什么?
◆句式轉(zhuǎn)變:
1.由肯定句變否定句時(shí),要在be后加not。如:
She is working now.→She isnt working now.
2.由肯定句變一般疑問(wèn)句時(shí),要將be提到句首??隙ù鹫Z(yǔ)為:Yes, 主語(yǔ)+be.,否定答語(yǔ)為:No, 主語(yǔ)+be+not.。如:
Are you playing basketball now?
→Yes, we are. (No, we arent.)
3.由肯定句變成特殊疑問(wèn)句時(shí),要看劃線部分的位置,主要有以下幾種情況:
(1)對(duì)主語(yǔ)提問(wèn)時(shí)要用who。例如:
He is listening to the teacher.→Who is listening to the teacher?
(2)對(duì)動(dòng)作提問(wèn)時(shí)要用what,原句中的現(xiàn)在分詞要改為doing。例如:
She is watching TV.→What is she doing?
(3)對(duì)賓語(yǔ)提問(wèn)時(shí)仍用what。例如:
We are cleaning the desks now.→What are you cleaning now?
(4)對(duì)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)提問(wèn)時(shí)用when。例如:
I am writing now.→When are you writing?
◆特殊用法:
go, leave, come等表示位移的動(dòng)詞,通常用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表示將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。如:
I am coming, Mum.(我馬上就來(lái)了,媽媽。)
練習(xí):(找出句子中的錯(cuò)誤并改正)
1. 我正在做家庭作業(yè)。
I doing my homework.
2. 吉姆正在穿衣服。
Jim is puting on his clothes.
3. 看!他們?cè)谧鲇螒颉?/p>
Look, they play games.
4. 這些日子你在做什么?
What do you do these days?
5. 現(xiàn)在我想和你一起去。
Now I am wanting to go with you.
6. 別擔(dān)心,我就來(lái)。
Dont worry. I come.
7. “她正在打掃教室嗎?” “是的,她正在打掃教室。”
——Is she cleaning the classroom?
——Yes, shes.Key(3)