形容詞修飾名詞，說明事物或人的性質(zhì)或特征。通常，可將形容詞分成性質(zhì)形容詞和敘述形容詞兩類，其位置不一定都放在名詞前面。

1）直接說明事物的性質(zhì)或特征的形容詞是性質(zhì)形容詞，它有級的變化，可以用程度副詞修飾，在句中可作定語、表語和補語。例如：hot熱的。

2）敘述形容詞只能作表語，所以又稱為表語形容詞。這類形容詞沒有級的變化，也不可用程度副詞修飾。大多數(shù)以a開頭的形容詞都屬于這一類。例如：afraid 害怕的。

（錯）He is an ill man.

（對）The man is ill.

（錯）She is an afraid girl.

（對）The girl is afraid.

這類詞還有：well， unwell， ill， faint， afraid， alike， alive， alone，asleep， awake等。

3）形容詞作定語修飾名詞時，要放在名詞的前邊。但是如果形容詞修飾something, anything, everything, nothing等不定代詞時，要放在這些詞之后。例如：something nice

以-ly詞尾的形容詞

1）大部分形容詞加-ly可構(gòu)成副詞。但friendly， deadly， lovely， lonely，likely， lively， ugly， brotherly仍為形容詞。

改錯：

（錯）She sang lovely.

（錯）He spoke to me very friendly.

（對）Her singing was lovely.

（對）He spoke to me in a very friendly way.

2）有些以-ly結(jié)尾既為形容詞，也為副詞。

如：daily， weekly， monthly， yearly， early

The Times is a daily paper.

The Times is published daily.

用形容詞表示類別和整體

1）某些形容詞加上定冠詞可以泛指一類人，與謂語動詞的復(fù)數(shù)連接。如：the dead， the living， the rich， the poor， the blind， the hungry

The poor are losing hope.

2）有關(guān)國家和民族的形容詞加上定冠詞指這個民族的整體，與動詞的復(fù)數(shù)連用。

如：the British， the English， the French， the Chinese

The English have wonderful sense of humor.

多個形容詞修飾名詞的順序

多個形容詞修飾名詞時，其順序為：

限定詞—數(shù)詞—描繪詞（大小，長短，形狀，新舊，顏色） —出處—材料性質(zhì)/類別—名詞。

a small round table

a tall gray building

a dirty old brown shirt

a famous German medical school

an expensive Japanese sports car

典型例題：

1）Tony is going camping with ____ boys.

A. little two other B. two little other

C. two other little D. little other two

答案：C。由“限定詞—數(shù)詞—描繪詞（大小，長短，形狀，新舊，顏色）—性質(zhì)—名詞”的公式可知數(shù)詞，描繪詞，性質(zhì)依次順序，只有C符合答案。

2）One day they crossed the ____ bridge behind the palace.

A. old Chinese stone B. Chinese old stone

C. old stone Chinese D. Chinese stone old

答案：A。幾個形容詞修飾一個名詞，他們的排列順序是：年齡，形狀，大小+顏色+來源+質(zhì)地+用途+國家+名詞。

3）——How was your recent visit to Qingdao？

——It was great. We visited some friends， and spent the ____

days at the seaside.

A. few last sunny B. last few sunny

C. last sunny few D. few sunny last

答案：B。本題考查多個形容詞的排序問題。一般與被修飾形容詞關(guān)系密切的形容詞靠近名詞；如果幾個形容詞的重要性差不多，音節(jié)少的形容詞在前，音節(jié)多的放在后，在不能確定時，可參照下表：

限定詞+數(shù)量詞（序數(shù)詞在前，基數(shù)詞在后）+形狀形容詞+大小、長短、高低等形容詞。

those+three+beautiful+large+square

新舊+顏色+國籍+材料+名詞

old+brown+wood+table

【實地演練】

選擇填空。

1. The population of China is ____ than ____ of any other country in the world.

A. more, the more B. more, that

C. larger, the one D. larger, that

2. Of the two Australian students, Jenny is ____ one. I think you can find her.

A. taller B. the taller C. tallest D. the tallest

3. This park is less ____ than that one.

A. beautiful B. beautifuler

C. more beautiful D. most beautiful

4. My ____ sister who works in the bank is two years ____ than I.

A. younger, older B. older, elder C. elder, elder D. elder, older

5. Liu Xiang is one of ____ players in the world.

A. good B. better C. best D. the best

6. He has ____ money in the team.

A. littler B. the littlest C. the least D. less

7. English is her daughters ____ subject of all.

A. favourite B. most favourite

C. the most favourite D. more favourite

8. Do you know which is ____ river in the world?

A. the two long B. the two longest

C. the second long D. the second longest

9. Our school is becoming ____.

A. more beautiful and beautiful

B. more and more beautiful

C. more beautiful and more beautiful

D. beautiful and beautiful

10. ——Is maths ____ than physics?

——No, maths isnt so ____ as physics.

A. more difficult, difficult B. more difficult, easier

C. difficult, more difficult D. easier, more difficult

11. Here is a ____ mouse. Was it killed by your cat?

A. die B. died C. death D. dead

12. We should keep our eyes ____ while doing eye exercises.

A. close B. closed C. open D. opened

13. The meat smells ____. Youd better throw it away.

A. badly B. bad C. good D. well

14. The price of this skirt is too ____.

A. cheap B. expensive C. dear D. high

15. Its ____ to teach a man fishing than to give him a fish.

A. best B. more C. good D. better

16. Look at the big tree. It is ____ than that one.

A. taller four times B. four times tall

C. four times taller D. four taller

17. Bird flu is one of ____ diseases in the world.

A. terrible B. more terrible

C. terriblest D. the most terrible

18. This river is about 5 feet ____.

A. deep B. widely C. depth D. length

19. ——Tom is six and he is ____ his sister Jane. How old is Jane?

——Three.

A. as old as B. two years older than

C. three years younger than D. twice as old as

20. Betty is taller than any ____ boy student in his class.

A. each B. other C. another D. one

Key(2)

孫海玲上海市羅山中學(xué)