本刊資料

直接賓語和間接賓語是賓語的兩種不同表現形式，正確掌握其用法應注意下列幾點：

一、弄清什么是直接賓語和間接賓語

直接賓語通常表示動作所產生的結果或動作的承受者，一般情況下由物品名詞擔任。

Go and tell him the news, because it concerns him very much.

去把這個消息告訴他，因為與他關系很大。

Would you please pass me that book? It is beyond my reach.把那本書遞給我好嗎？我夠不著。

I have completely forgotten who taught us physics in middle school.

我已經完全忘了中學里誰教我們物理。

間接賓語常表示動作所指向或所作為的對象，一般情況下由人稱代詞擔任。

Have you decided to send her an invitation next week? 你有沒有決定下周給她發(fā)請柬？

Would you like to lend me five thousand yuan to buy a motor?

你愿意借5000元給我買摩托車嗎？

The guard asked the visitors to show him their passes.

衛(wèi)兵請來訪者出示通行證。

二、弄清直接賓語和間接賓語的位置特點

一般情況下間接賓語放在前面，直接賓語放在后面，但有時也可以將直接賓語放在前面，間接賓語放在后面，其間通過介詞to或for來連接。

Can you find me a book to read? I have nothing else to do.

=Can you find a book for me to read? I have nothing else to do.

你能替我找一本書來讀嗎？我沒有別的事可做。

My mother promised to buy me a new computer.

=My mother promised to buy a new computer for me.

我媽媽答應給我買一臺新電腦。

Please give them the tickets; they need them badly.

=Please give the tickets to them; they need them badly.

請把這些票給他們，他們非常需要這些票。

They sold the local villagers the vegetables.

=They sold the vegetables to the local villagers.

他們把蔬菜賣給了當地村民。

三、弄清直接賓語和間接賓語的常用句型

1.及物動詞+間接賓語+直接賓語

write, offer, teach, make, cook, lend, bring, buy, get, find, mail, throw, tell, sell, show, do, pay, hand, send, pass等及物動詞適用于該句型。

Mrs. Wang taught us chemistry about ten years ago. 大約十年前，王老師教我們化學。

Whenever Im in trouble, the young girl always offers me much help.

每當我處境困難時這女孩總給我提供許多幫助。

The young man wrote his girlfriend a letter immediately he got to that mountain village.

這個年輕人一到達那個山村就給他女朋友寫了一封信。

2. 及物動詞+直接賓語+to+間接賓語

introduce, tell, give, hand, bring, lend, offer, mail, pass, sell, show, throw, write, send等及物動詞常用于這種句型。

Now, I would like to introduce something about our school to you.

現在我想向你介紹一下我校的情況。

You must show your article to ｔｈｅ teacher at that time. 那時你必須把你的文章給老師看一下。

I dont know when he will mail the parcel to her. 我不知道他什么時候會把這個包裹寄給她。

3.及物動詞+直接賓語+for+間接賓語

look, get, buy, make, find, mend, book等及物動詞常用于這種句型。

Can you tell me who can mend leather shoes for me?

你能告訴我誰能給我修皮鞋嗎？

He asked them to make a desk for him at once.

他請他們立即給他做一張桌子。

Our mother cooks breakfast for us early in the morning.

每天一大早，母親給我們做早飯。

必須注意的是，有些動詞既可用于“及物動詞+直接賓語+to+間接賓語”結構，也可用于“及物動詞+直接賓語+for+間接賓語”結構，應注意其區(qū)別。我們可以說do good to sb.（給某人帶來好處），do harm to sb.（給某人造成危害），do wrong to sb.（委屈某人），do service to sb.（給某人服務），do damage to sb. （給某人造成損害），但不可以說do a favour to sb. (幫某人一個忙)，一定得說do a favour for sb.。

It is well-known that taking a walk every day does good to our health. 眾所周知，每天散步有益于我們的身體健康。

They are rude customers, so I dont want to do service to them.

他們是粗魯的顧客，所以我不想為他們服務。

Being your good friend, I would like to do a favour for you.

作為你的好朋友，我愿意幫你的忙。

read sth. to sb. 把某內容念給某人聽， read sth. for sb. 替某人念某內容。

Im very tired； please read the story to me. 我累了，請把這個故事念給我聽。

Can you read the text for me? Im very thirｓty.你能替我念一下這篇課文嗎？我很渴。

直接、間接賓語專項訓練

一、單項選擇

1. Exercise on the playground as much as possible, and it will really do good ____ you.

A. on B. for C. in D. to

2. The middle-aged woman offered an expensive car ____ him, but he refused her kindly.

A. in B. on C. to D. for

3. The local villagers sell all kinds of vegetables ____ people ｉｎ big cities.

A. for B. to C. with D. on

4. I cant finish so much work. Can you do a favour ____ me?

A. for B. to C. with D. toward

5. You neednt do service ____ him; he is such an impolite man.

A. for B. to Ｃ. with D. on

6. Would you like to read the news ____ me？Im very interested in ｉｔ.

A. for B. to C. on D. in

7. You cant smoke too much, because it can do great harm ____ your health.

A. on B. upon C. to D. toward

8. Why have you done such great wrong ____ his sister? She scolded you for your good.

A. of B. at C. to D. for

9. A terrible storm hit our village last week, doing great damage ____ our village.

A. against B. around C. about D. to

10. If you really have no room to live in, Ill find one ____ you.

A. for B. to C. with D. at

二、根據中文提示完成下列句子

1. If I go shopping this afternoon, Ill ____ ____(給你買) some clothes.

2. Can you ____ ____(給我做) a fishing ｒｏｄ? I want to go fishing.

3. Her shoes are already worn out. Please ____ them ____ ____ (給她補一下……).

4. Being a good cook, she often ____ ____(給我們煮) some food to eat.

5. Im very sorry that I cant ____ ____（把……借給你） any money, because Im short of money at present.

6. The rooms in our hotel are very limited, so you must ____ ____ (替他訂) a room in advance.

7. Can you ____ ____(把……拿出 來給我看) your new watch? I have been told it is very beautiful.

8. Would you like to ____ ____ ____ ____(幫我一個忙) to carry the big stones away?

9. Will you please____ ____ (遞給她) this dictionary? She is too short ｏｆ it.

10. It is well-known that swimming ____ ____ ____(給……帶來好 處) our health.

三、在下列各句空白處填上適當的介詞

1. Dont worry． Ill try to book tickets ____ all of you here.

2. Tom, can you hand that newspaper ____ me? It is out of my reach.

3. Please introduce something about your family ____ us.

4. The naughty boy asked his father to make a model plane ____ him.

5. Would you like to show your new magazine ____ us right now?

6. Last Tuesday, my father agreed to buy a present ____ me on my birthday.

7. If you dont show the pass ____ the guard, you cant get in.

8. Poor as she was, she still offered some money ____ me.

9. Being very busy, I have no time to write a letter ____ my parents.

10. This is Marys book, so I cant lend it ____ anybody.

四、句型轉換

1. Dont forget to bring my book to me when you come tomorrow.

Dont forget to ____ ____ my book when you come tomorrow.

2. I hope that you can cook another wonderful dinner for us.

I hope that you can ____ ____ another wonderful dinner.

3. Can you find a pen for me? I have no pen to write with.

Can you ____ ____ a pen? I have no pen to write with.

4. The boy asked his father to give some money to him.

The boy asked his father to ____ ____ some money.

5. Youd better send some money to her; she needs money badly.

Youd better ____ ____ some money; she needs money badly.

6. It was Mary that taught physics to us at that time.

It was Mary that ____ ____physics at that time.

7. Tell the news to him; he Wants to know everything.

____ ____ the news; he Wants to know everything.

8. Can you get some food for us? We are in great need of food.

Can you ____ ____ some food? We are in great need of food.

9. To my joy, he found my lost handbag for me.

To my joy, he ____ ____ my lost handbag.

10. The weather is getting colder; I must mail some warm clothes to her.

The weather is getting colder; I must ____ ____ some warm clothes.

Ｋｅｙ（２）