馮建國
以下是2008年湖北省高考英語試題的詞匯辨析題的詳細(xì)解析:
21. The young man made a______ to his parents that he would try to earn his own living after graduation.
A. prediction B. promise
C. plan D. contribution
【答案與解析】 B。此題考查名詞,that從句的內(nèi)容與所缺詞構(gòu)成同位關(guān)系;根據(jù)句意應(yīng)該理解為“向父母許諾” 較好,而make a prediction(做預(yù)測)和make a plan (做計劃)雖然都可以接同位語從句,但語意不通;make a contribution to sb./sth.(為……做貢獻(xiàn))除句意不通外,后面也不宜接同位語成分。
22. The top leaders of the two countries are holding talks in a friendly______.
A. atmosphere B. state
C. situation D. phenomenon
【答案與解析】 A。此題考查名詞的用法。句意是“兩國最高層領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人在友好的氛圍中進(jìn)行了交談”,atmosphere 正合此意。而state 常用于in a good/bad/poor state of 表示“處在好/壞/差的狀況中”,如:She is in a poor state of health. 有時也用于in a state of 結(jié)構(gòu)中,如:Everything was in a state of disorder. situation是“形勢、局面、局勢”的意思,如He was in a hopeless situation. 而phenomenon 作為 “現(xiàn)象”講,明顯不符合句意要求。
23. Though having lived abroad for years,many Chinese still______ the traditional customs.
A. perform B. possess
C. observe D. support
【答案與解析】 C。此題考查動詞的用法;observe 在此處是 “慶祝、歡度”而非“觀察”的意義。perform (an operation/some astonishing tricks)表示“實施/表演”的意思;possess “擁有,占有”,常用于possess a gun/a sense of humor,表達(dá)個體所有權(quán);support “支持”,與句意相差甚遠(yuǎn)。
24. As nobody here knows what is wrong with the machine,we must send for an engineer to______ the problem.
A. handle B. raise
C. face D. present
【答案與解析】 A。此題考查動詞用法;handle the problem 意為deal with the problem,handle 還有control 的意思,如:handle a fast car;而raise(提出),face(面對),present(呈現(xiàn)、出示)都與句意相差甚遠(yuǎn)。
25. The teacher stressed again that the students should not______ any important details while retelling the story.
A. bring out B. let out
C. leave out D. make out
【答案與解析】 C。此題考查動詞詞組的用法;leave out important details是“遺漏重要的細(xì)節(jié)”的意思;bring out講解清楚(一些事情)、出版(書);let out泄露(秘密)、發(fā)出(聲音)、出租、將(衣服)放大;make out 辨識/看清(物件或筆跡)、理解/明白(意思或想法)。
26. In modern times,people have to learn to______ all kinds of pressure although they are leading a comfortable life.
A. keep with B. stay with
C. meet with D. live with
【答案與解析】 D。此題考查含with動詞短語的用法;此句意思是“在當(dāng)代,人們雖然過著舒適的生活,但還是不得不學(xué)會忍受各種各樣的壓力”。此句來源于高二課本Unit17 Disabilities中的一句話“I have learned to live with my body as it is and adjust my way of life. 我已經(jīng)學(xué)會容忍我的身體現(xiàn)狀并調(diào)整自己的生活方式。”
27. The present situation is very complex,so I think it will take me some time to______ its reality.
A. make up B. figure out
C. look through D. put off
【答案與解析】 B。此題考查動詞短語的用法;figure out its reality 是“弄清事實真相”的意思;make up編造(故事、借口)、和解、彌補,look through 翻閱/查看(書報等),put off延期、讓……下車。
28. In those days,our______ concern was to provide people who were stopped by the snow storm with food and health care.
A. normal B. constant
C. permanent D. primary
【答案與解析】 D。此題考查形容詞用法;句意為“在那些日子,我們最關(guān)心的是給那些被暴風(fēng)雪困住了的人們提供食物和醫(yī)療保健”。primary 是chief,main的意思;normal正常的,正規(guī)的;constant 經(jīng)常的,不變的;permanent永久的。
29. As he works in a remote area,he visits his parents only______.
A. occasionally B. anxiously
C. practically D. urgently
【答案與解析】 A。此題考查副詞的用法。既然“住在遙遠(yuǎn)的地方”,因此也就只能“偶爾地看望父母了”。occasionally偶爾地;anxiously 憂慮地,不安地;practically 實際地;urgently 迫切地,急切地。
30. When she first arrived in China,she wondered what the future might have______ for her,but now all her worries are gone.
A. in need B. in time
C. in preparation D. in store
【答案與解析】 D。此題考查介詞詞組的用法;in store 意思是about to happen“將要發(fā)生,就要出現(xiàn)”。此句來源于高二英語第六單元這樣一句話:“We will be prepared for whatever the future may have in store for us.”in time 及時地,in preparation 在準(zhǔn)備,in need 需要。
下面來看看07年和08年的詞匯辨析題比較:
從表一、表二的比較中我們得出以下幾點,供2009年備考參考:
1. 這兩年湖北卷的詞匯辨析題中考查的詞匯嚴(yán)格控制在《考綱詞匯》范圍之內(nèi),沒有生僻的怪詞和難詞。因此,對考生來講,一定要認(rèn)認(rèn)真真地、扎扎實實地將考綱詞匯進(jìn)行梳理,對意思和用法要熟練掌握,并對拓展開的同義詞和近義詞的差別要有意識地進(jìn)行歸納和總結(jié)。
2. 詞匯辨析題重在考查動詞或動詞詞組,今年的動詞考查已占到了一半,由此可以看出動詞的重要性,所以同學(xué)們要特別重視動詞的學(xué)習(xí)。
3. 考題在設(shè)置上注重情境的營造,這也是語言交際性的一個重要體現(xiàn)。因此正確把握語境,弄清句子的意思就顯得尤為重要。
4. 有的詞匯辨析題來源于課本(像今年的26和30小題),體現(xiàn)了近年來出題的一個動向,即以課本為本。這也告誡同學(xué)們要注意課本重點句子的學(xué)習(xí)和落實?!?/p>