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中考英語情態(tài)動詞考查熱點分析

2013-04-29 00:44:03梁璐茜
中學生英語·中考指導版 2013年5期
關鍵詞:肯定句否定句情態(tài)

梁璐茜

情態(tài)動詞是初中英語中的一個重要語法項目,也是各地中考試題的一個考查熱點。下面結合部分省市中考試題,對情態(tài)動詞的考查熱點作一分析。

一、考查can, may和

must表示推測的用法

情態(tài)動詞can, may和must都可以表示推測,但它們的用法不同。

① can表示推測時,意為“可能”,表示客觀可能性,通常用于疑問句和否定句中。就中考而言,主要考查cant表示“不可能”的用法。例如:

1. The lady in this photo ______ be over fifty! She looks so young. (2012無錫市)

A. mustnt B. must

C. cant D. can

2. —Is Maria knocking at the door?

—It ______ be her. She is in Australia now. (2012黃石市)

A. may not B. neednt

C. mustnt D. cant

3. You ______ be serious!Youre actually going to lend him money again?(2012杭州市)

A. neednt B. cant

C. shouldnt D. mustnt

② may表示表示推測時,意思是“也許”,“可能”,通常用于肯定句中。例如:

4. —Have you decided which senior high school to choose?

—Not yet. I ______ go to Moonlight School. (2012南京市)

A. must B. may C. need D. should

5. —Do you have any plans for this weekend?

—Im not sure. I ______ go climbing Mount Yuntai. (2012河南)

A. must B. need C. may D. can

6. —Excuse me, when are we going to have a picnic?

—Im not sure. Ask the monitor, please. He ______ know. (2012揚州市)

A. need B. can C. may D. shall

③ must表示推測時,意為“一定”,“肯定”,表示可能性很大,通常只用于肯定句,不用于否定句或疑問句。例如:

7. —You ______ be happy with the strong public support youve received.

—Yes, youre right. Im really excited. (2012武漢市)

A. may B. can C. must D. need

8. —Fifty dollars for such a blouse! You ______ be joking!

—Im serious. Its made of silk. (2012蘭州市)

A. must B. can C. may D. need

9. —You ______ be excited that youre going back to your hometown soon.

—Yes, I cant wait any longer. (2012包頭市)

A. shall B. can C. need D. must

Keys: 1~5 CDBBC 6~9 CCAD

二、考查must表示義務的用法

①在這一用法中,must意為“必須”,“應該”,表示必須要做的事。例如:

1. People ______ always be careful with fire, or it can be dangerous. (2012吉林)

A. can B. neednt

C. must D. shouldnt

2. Drivers ______ wear the safety belt when driving. This is the traffic rule. (2012麗水市)

A. can B. may C. will D. must

②must的否定式mustnt表示禁止,即不許對方做某事。例如:

3. School students ______ smoke because it is against the school rules. (2012綿陽市)

A. neednt B. couldnt

C. wont D. mustnt

4. You ______ play with the knife. Its very dangerous. (2012寧夏)

A. neednt B. mustnt

C. may not D. might not

③以must開頭的一般疑問句,如果是否定的回答,要用neednt或dont have to,表示“不必”,“沒有必要” 的意思,不用mustnt。例如:

5. —______ I do the laundry first?

—No, you ______. You can do your homework first. (2012黃岡市)

A. Must; mustnt B. Can; mustnt C. Must; neednt D. May; neednt

6. —Mom, must I clean my room now?

—No, you ______. You can do it tomorrow. (2012重慶市)

A. cant B. neednt

C. mustnt D. shouldnt

7. —Mum, must I wash the dishes right now?

—No, you _______. (2012北京市)

A. shouldnt B. wouldnt

C. mustnt D. neednt

Keys: 1~5 CDDBC 6~7 BD

三、考查can表示能力的用法

can表示能力時,意思是“能,會”,其否定式cant表示“不能”。在過去時中用could

和couldnt。例如:

1. With the help of the new technology, you ______ e-mail your friends by mobile phone. (2012上海市)

A. can B. must C. need D. should

2. —Im afraid I need a pair of glasses. I _____ hardly see the words on the blackboard.

—Thats terrible. You may have got poor eyesight. (2012鎮(zhèn)江市)

A. can B. must C. may D. need

3. Last year I ______ drive. I used to take the bus. (2012南昌)

A. could B. couldnt

C. should D. shouldnt

Keys: 1~3 AAB

四、考查can / could表示請求許可的用法

在這一用法中,can和could都表示現(xiàn)在,用could比用can語氣更加委婉客氣,常用Can/Could I (you) ...?句式,表示“我/你能……嗎?”若表示同意要用can, 不用could。例如:

1. —______ I swim here?

—Im sorry. Children ______ swim alone here. (2012廣東)

A. Must; cant B. May; must

C. Can; mustnt D. Cant; can

2. —______ I try on those shoes in the window?

—______. They are just on show. (2012呼和浩特市)

A. Could; Yes, you can

B. Can; Sorry, you couldnt

C. Could; Sorry, you can

D. Can; Yes, you could

Keys: 1~2 CA

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