高考詞匯

measure vt. 測(cè)定；測(cè)量；評(píng)估

educate vt. 教育；培養(yǎng)；訓(xùn)練

hunger n. 饑餓

income n. 收入

human n. （與動(dòng)物等對(duì)比的）人

goal n. 目標(biāo)

position n. 位置

transport n. 交通工具

development n. 發(fā)展

figure n. 數(shù)字

freeway n. 高速公路

similarity n. 類似；相似

tourism n. 旅游業(yè)

entertainment n. 娛樂(lè)

exchange n. 交換

crowded adj. 擁擠的

polluted adj. 受到污染的

smart adj. 漂亮的； 整潔的； 時(shí)髦的

homeless adj. 無(wú)家可歸的

unfortunate adj. 不幸的； 遺憾的

vast adj. 巨大的； 龐大的； 浩瀚的

常用短語(yǔ)

at the top of 在……頂端

at the bottom of 在……底部

make effort 努力

be connected with 與……有聯(lián)系；與……有關(guān)

be close to 接近；靠近

up to 直到……；至多……

make progress 取得進(jìn)步

reduce to 減至

increase by 以……的幅度增加

move out of 脫離；擺脫

be willing to do sth 樂(lè)意做某事

as much as 和……一樣；多達(dá)……

拓展詞匯

charity n. 慈善團(tuán)體

inhabitant n. 居民

location n. 位置；所在地

poverty n. 貧窮

index n. 指數(shù)

expectancy n. （根據(jù)概率得出的）預(yù)期數(shù)額

household n. 一家人； 家庭

industrial adj. 工業(yè)的

過(guò)渡詞匯

disease n. 病；疾病

medium adj. 中等的；中間的

學(xué)習(xí)使用but，however，although和while表達(dá)轉(zhuǎn)折和對(duì)比。

We are making progress but we need to make greater progress.

Although developed countries gives some financial help， they need to give much more.

In the last ten years in China， 150 million people moved out of poverty. However， the challenges are still great.

Norway is at the top of the list， while the United States is at Number 7.

詞匯短語(yǔ)園地

1. hunger n. 饑餓

His hunger increases by the hour.

他的饑餓感每時(shí)每刻都在增加。

Hunger is often the mother of crime.

饑餓常是犯罪的根源。

vi. hunger for/after sth/sb 渴望得到某物/人

The whole world hungers for/after peace.

全世界的人都渴望和平。

2. income n. 收入；收益；所得

Tony lives beyond his income.

托尼的花費(fèi)超出其收入。

Tourism is a major source of income for the area.

旅游業(yè)是這個(gè)地區(qū)的主要收入來(lái)源。

high/low income 高/低收入

live within ones income 量入為出

3. human n. 人

Dogs can hear much better than humans.

狗的聽(tīng)覺(jué)比人靈敏多了。

Wolves will not usually attack humans.

狼通常不會(huì)襲擊人。

human = human being

adj. 人的；人類的；有人性的

This meat is not fit for human consumption.

這種肉不適合人食用。

He is quite human after all.

他畢竟還是挺人性的。

4. measure vt. 測(cè)定；測(cè)量；評(píng)估

vi. 有……長(zhǎng)（寬、高等）

We measured the distance.

我們測(cè)量了距離。

She measured the stranger with her eyes.

她用雙眼打量著那個(gè)陌生人。

The lake measures 130 by 80 kilometers.

這條湖長(zhǎng)一百三十公里寬八十公里。

5. goal n. 目標(biāo)

The company has set itself some long-term goals.

公司為整個(gè)機(jī)構(gòu)定下一些長(zhǎng)期目標(biāo)。

She pursues the goal of perfection in her art.

在藝術(shù)中，她追求完美的目標(biāo)。

比較：aim，goal，purpose的區(qū)別

aim從本義“靶子”引申而來(lái)，側(cè)重比較具體而明確的目標(biāo)，常指短期目標(biāo)。goal指經(jīng)過(guò)考慮和選擇，需經(jīng)堅(jiān)持不懈和努力奮斗才能達(dá)到的最終目標(biāo)。purpose指的是一般的“目的”。

Our goal is to build a just and peaceful world.

我們的目標(biāo)是建立一個(gè)公正和平的世界。

My aim is to become a policeman.

我的目標(biāo)是當(dāng)一個(gè)警察。

What is the purpose of his visit？

他來(lái)訪的目的是什么？

6. figure n. 數(shù)字（可數(shù)名詞，通常用作復(fù)數(shù)。）

By 2010， this figure had risen to 14 million.

到2010年為止，這個(gè)數(shù)字已高達(dá)1400萬(wàn)。

Where did you get those figures？

你從哪兒得到那些數(shù)字的？

7. position n. 位置

From his position on the top of the cliff， he had a good view of the harbour.

在懸崖之巔，海港景色一覽無(wú)余。

Where would be the best position for the lights？

這些燈裝在什么位置最好？

in/out of position 在/不在適當(dāng)?shù)奈恢?/p>

hold a position 擔(dān)任職務(wù)

take up ones position 就位

8. unfortunate adj. 不幸的；遺憾的

He was unfortunate to lose in the final game.

他不幸在決賽中輸了。

Youre putting me in a most unfortunate position.

你正在把我推入一個(gè)十分可悲的境地。

n. 不幸的人

unfortunately adv. 不幸地；遺憾地；可惜地

Unfortunately， he didnt pass the exam.

9. similarity n. 類似；相似

（1） 不可數(shù)，表“相像性；相似性”

similarity between A and B A和B之間的相似性

The report highlights the similarity between the two groups.

這份報(bào)告強(qiáng)調(diào)兩組之間的相似性。

similarity in sth 在……（方面）的相似性

There is some similarity in the way they sing.

他們的演唱方式有點(diǎn)像。

（2） 可數(shù)，表“相似點(diǎn)；相像處”

similarity to sb/sth 與……的相似之處

The karate bout has many similarities to a boxing match.

空手道比賽和拳擊比賽有許多類似的地方。

She bears a similarity to her mother.

她跟她母親十分相像。

10. vast adj. 巨大的；龐大的；浩瀚的

It is a vast desert.

這是一片遼闊的沙漠。

We once had 19 cats at one time. They were a vast burden.

我們一度同時(shí)養(yǎng)了十九只貓，他們是一個(gè)沉重的負(fù)擔(dān)。

A billion dollars is a vast amount of money.

十億元是一筆巨款。

比較：big，large，great，vast，huge的區(qū)別

（1） large側(cè)重體積、范圍、能力和數(shù)量方面的大，往往可以與big互換，但big較口語(yǔ)化。

Our factory is a big/large one.

我們的工廠很大。

在表示物體重量、重要性、長(zhǎng)大了時(shí)，只能用big。

The box is too big to carry.（不僅體積大，而且很重）

The box is too large to carry.（箱子大，但未必重）

She is big enough to ride a bike.

在表示數(shù)量時(shí)，用large，不用big。

A large number of people from all parts of the country came to see the exhibition.

從全國(guó)各地來(lái)了很多人觀看展覽。

（2） great的意思是“大；偉大的”，多用于抽象意思。在修飾具體事物時(shí)，帶有一定的感情色彩。

There have been many great presidents in the American history.

美國(guó)歷史上有很多偉大的總統(tǒng)。

在表示抽象意思時(shí)，也可用big，但great更為正式。

Great/Big changes have taken place in our country in recent years.

近幾年來(lái)，我們國(guó)家發(fā)生了很大變化。

（3） vast常用來(lái)指“廣袤無(wú)垠的；面積廣闊的”。

a vast forest， a vast sea， a vast desert， vast darkness等。

（4） huge強(qiáng)調(diào)體積龐大，容量和數(shù)量巨大。如：a huge stone，a huge building等。

11. exchange n. & v. 交換；互換

We need to promote an open exchange of ideas and information.

我們需要促進(jìn)思想和信息的公開(kāi)交流。

Would you like my old TV in exchange for this camera？

你愿意用我的舊電視換這架相機(jī)嗎？

Ill type your report if you look after children in exchange.

如果你愿意照看孩子，我就幫你打這份報(bào)告。

I shook hands and exchanged a few words with the manager.

我和經(jīng)理握手并說(shuō)了幾句話。

exchange...for... 以……換取……

exchange...with sb 和某人交換

Where can I exchange my dollars for pounds？

我去哪兒可以把美元換成英鎊？

Mary exchanged seats with Anne.

瑪麗和安妮交換了座位。

12. on the top of 在……頂端

The ice on the top of the Himalayas never breaks up.

喜馬拉雅山山頂?shù)谋鶑膩?lái)不化。

13. at the bottom of 在……底部

Fill in your address at the bottom of the application form.

把你的地址填在申請(qǐng)表的底部。

14. make effort 努力

If you want to achieve something， you must work hard， make effort and get prepared.

如果你想取得成就，你必須努力工作，艱苦奮斗，時(shí)刻準(zhǔn)備著。

The local clubs are making every effort to interest more young people.

當(dāng)?shù)鼐銟?lè)部正在盡一切努力吸引更多的年輕人。

effort n. 氣力；努力；費(fèi)力的事（可數(shù)）

You should put more effort into your work.

你應(yīng)該更加努力地工作。

Getting up this morning was quite an effort.

今天早上起床相當(dāng)費(fèi)力。

spare no effort 不遺余力

without effort 容易地；不費(fèi)力地

with （an） effort 努力地；艱難地

15. be connected with 與……有聯(lián)系；與……有關(guān)

He did not like to be connected with the woman who had painted those pictures.

他不想和畫(huà)那些畫(huà)的女人接觸。

This sentence is not connected with the context.

這句話與上下文沒(méi)有聯(lián)系。

16. be close to 接近；靠近

He is close to being a genius. 他差不多是個(gè)天才了。

The population of the city is close to a million.

這個(gè)城市的人口接近一百萬(wàn)。

比較：close和closely的區(qū)別

close作副詞時(shí)，意為“靠近；接近”，表示實(shí)際距離很近；closely意為“緊密地；密切地”，表達(dá)的是一種抽象的“近”。

The children sat close together.

孩子們靠緊坐在一起。

The two events are closely connected.

這兩件事有密切的聯(lián)系。

17. up to 直到……；至多……

Up to four people can live in this room.

這間房里最多能住四個(gè)人。

Andrew has worked hard up to now.

安德魯一直努力工作到現(xiàn)在。

（1） be up to = be busy doing 忙于

What are you up to？ 你在忙什么？

（2） be up to sb to do sth 由某人負(fù)責(zé)做某事

Its up to us to help those in need.

我們有責(zé)任幫助那些有困難的人。

up-to-date 現(xiàn)代的；包含最新信息的

18. be willing to do sth 樂(lè)意做某事

Are you willing to help？

你樂(lè)意幫忙嗎？

He is willing to help me with my English.

他很樂(lè)意幫我學(xué)英語(yǔ)。

表達(dá)“樂(lè)意做某事”的多種用法

be ready to do sth； be glad to do sth

be delighted to do sth； be happy to do sth

19. as much as 和……一樣；多達(dá)……

You can eat as much as you like.

你愛(ài)吃多少就吃多少。

I spent as much as 100 dollars today.

今天我花了一百美元。

Did your father help you？

One day， Tims mathematics teacher looked at his homework and saw that he had got all his sums right.

The teacher was very pleased and rather surprised.

He called Tim to his desk and said to him， “You got all your homework right this time， Tim. What happened？ Did your father help you？”

“No， sir. He was too busy last night， so I had to do it all myself，” said Tim.

跟蹤導(dǎo)練（一）

閱讀理解

Last week my youngest son and I visited my father at his new home in Tucson， Arizona. He moved there a few years ago， and I was eager to see his new place and meet his friends.

My earliest memories of my father are of a tall， handsome， successful man devoting to his work and family， but uncomfortable with his children. As a child I loved him； as a school girl and young adult I feared him and felt bitter about him. He seemed unhappy with me unless I got straight As and unhappy with my boyfriends if their fathers were not as “successful” as he was. Whenever I went out with him on weekends， I used to struggle to think up things to say， feeling on guard.

On the first day of my visit， we went out with one of my fathers friends for lunch at an outdoor cafe. We walked along that afternoon， did some shopping， ate on the street table， and laughed over my sons funny facial expressions. Gone was my fathers critical （挑剔的） air and strict rules. Who was this person I knew as my father， who seemed so friendly and interesting to be around？ What had held him back before？

The next day， my dad pulled out his childhood pictures and told me quite a few stories about his own childhood. Although our times together became easier over the years， I never felt closer to him at that moment. After so many years， Im at last seeing another side of my father. And in so doing， Im delighted with my new friend. My dad， in his new home in Arizona， is back to me from where he was.

1. Why did the author feel bitter about her father as a young adult？

A. He expected too much of her.

B. He was too proud of himself.

C. He did not love his children.

D. He was silent most of the time.

2. How would the author feel when she went out with her father on weekends？

A. Safe. B. Excited.

C. Tired. D. Nervous.

3. What does the author think of her father after her visit to Tucson？

A. Strict and hard-working. B. More talkative.

C. Gentle and friendly. D. More critical.

4. What does the underlined words refer to in the last paragraph？

A. The cafe owner.

B. The authors father.

C. The authors son.

D. The friend of the authors father.

選詞填空

從下列方框里10個(gè)單詞中選擇8個(gè)適當(dāng)單詞的正確形式填入下列各句中，使其句意完整。每個(gè)單詞只使用一次。

hunger expectancy top income poverty

progress develop human bottom expression

1. The ____ children were impatient for their meal.

2. The average ____ in some of those countries is only 250 dollars a year.

3. Great men have often risen from ____ —Lincoln and Edison， for example.

4. With the ____ of our countrys economy， we are living a better life.

5. A（n） ____ can talk and think， but an animal cannot.

6. He ____ no return when he decided to give us full support.

7. We have made some ____ towards reaching an agreement.

8. But unfortunately， a lot of our packages ended up those days at the ____ of the Atlantic.

句子翻譯

1. 那條船在海底躺了有二百年了。

2. 你們測(cè)量了那兩幢樓之間的距離了嗎？

3. 在這一頁(yè)的頂部寫(xiě)下你的姓名、地址和電話號(hào)碼。

4. 醫(yī)生們正在盡一切努力挽救那個(gè)男孩。

單項(xiàng)選擇

1. Id like to study law at university， ___ my cousin prefers geography.

A. though B. as

C. while D. however

2. The price has risen ___ 20 percent in the last few months.

A. to B. by

C. at D. in

3. — When did you last hear ___ Jay？

— He phoned me this morning， and we agreed ___ a time

and place to meet.

A. of； to B. about； with

C. from； with D. from； on

4. My mother encourages me ___ great progress in my English.

A. make B. making

C. to making D. to make

5. — Whats that noise？

— Oh， I forgot to tell you. The new machine ___ .

A. was tested B. will be tested

C. is being tested D. has been tested

6. They have completed up ___ 85% of the project so far.

A. at B. to

C. for D. by

7. Where ___ little Tom be now？ I wonder what he ___ .

A. can； is up to B. must； is up to

C. may； is doing D. should； is doing

8. The story is ___ most interesting. I think it is ___ best to be translated into English.

A. the； / B. the； the

C. /； / D. /； the

9. Move ___ of my way so that I can get in the room.

A. in B. out

C. away D. aside

10. — Shall we meet at 6：00 or at 7：00？

— ___ .

A. Any time is ok B. At any time

C. Yes， at 6：00 D. Well， either time will do

跟蹤導(dǎo)練（二）

選詞填空

從下列方框里10個(gè)單詞中選擇8個(gè)適當(dāng)單詞的正確形式填入下列各句中，使其句意完整。每個(gè)單詞只使用一次。

position figure educate development conclusion

measure similar crowd goal geographical

1. By what standard do you ____ it？

2. You should ____ your children to behave well.

3. The national employment ____ are published every month.

4. One often has to work hard to achieve ones ____ .

5. Can you show me the ____ of the school on the map？

6. ____ shops are a happy hunting-ground for pick-pockets.

7. ____ methods are used in advisory work in the Netherlands.

8. Africa is the least ____ region in higher education in the world.

句子翻譯

1. 荷蘭居世界最富有的國(guó)家之中。

2. 我們正忙著學(xué)習(xí)，而他們?cè)谧鲲垺?/p>

3. 不過(guò)，關(guān)于這架飛機(jī)最使人吃驚的事情是它可以在任何地方著陸。（however）

4. 盡管他還是個(gè)孩子，但是他能說(shuō)英語(yǔ)。

單項(xiàng)選擇

1. He likes dancing. He cant dance very well， ___ .

A. but B. however

C. although D. instead

2. Although its raining， ___ are still working in the fields.

A. they B. but they

C. and they D. while they

3. For a person with reading habits， a printed page contains not only words ___ ideas， thoughts and feelings.

A. yet B. and

C. or D. but

4. I love games， and I used to play forward ___ on the school basketball team.

A. role B. place

C. position D. location

5. The plan to set up a new branch in Hainan was finally dropped， because the members didnt agree ___ who and how to operate it.

A. about B. with

C. to D. of

6. — How can I wake up so early？

— Set the alarm for 5 oclock， ___ youll make it.

A. although B. or

C. and D. so

7. Its really very dangerous. One more step， ___ the baby will fall into the well.

A. or B. so

C. and D. but

8. I ___ that all windows are shut. I did it.

A. make sure B. am sure

C. make clear D. am clear

9. What ___ surprise you gave us by wearing such funny ___ at so serious a meeting！

A. /； clothes B. /； clothing

C. a； clothing D. a； clothes

10. — Do you mind if I practise playing the piano here？

— ___ .

A. No， please dont B. I dont want you to

C. Im afraid I dont D. Id rather you didnt

完形填空

There once was a young monk （僧侶） who was building a brick 1 . He took great care in 2 the bricks. He worked and worked. His progress was 3 ， due to the great care in his work， but he was 4 .

Finally， the day came when he 5 his wall. But 6 he stood back and admired the fruit of his labor， something 7 his eyes and made him very angry. Despite the great 8 he took in his work， somehow， he had overlooked two bricks were 9 slanted （傾斜的）. Worst of all， the bricks were right in the centre of the wall. Since then， whenever visitors came to the temple， the young monk would 10 them around to all places， except the brick wall that he had built.

One day， two elderly monks came to the temple. No matter

11 the young monk tried to detour （繞路） to 12 the ugly brick wall， the elderly monks insisted on touring the area 13 that brick wall. 14 ， the young monk brought his elders to the brick wall.

“Oh， this is such a（n） 15 brick wall！” one of the elderly monks commented.

“Are you 16 ？ Havent you seen the two ugly bricks in the middle of the wall？” the young monk asked in 17 .

“Yes， I have，” replied the elderly monk.

“But I also saw the remaining 98 good bricks that 18 this a beautiful wall！”

You see， most of the time， we focus on things that went 19 . Weve forgotten the fact that there are only two bad bricks in the wall and we should not overlook the 20 of the remaining 98 bricks.

1. A. wall B. house C. temple D. roof

2. A. moving B. measuring C. laying D. burning

3. A. wonderful B. great C. slow D. high

4. A. smart B. exhausted C. pleased D. bored

5. A. constructed B. designed C. completed D. built

6. A. unless B. once C. as D. until

7. A. covered B. caught C. brightened D. hurt

8. A. care B. effort C. progress D. pleasure

9. A. located B. laid C. produced D. faced

10. A. show B. turn C. lead D. follow

11. A. when B. where C. how D. what

12. A. leave B. avoid C. forget D. visit

13. A. in B. around C. across D. by

14. A. Unfortunately B. Unwillingly C. Hopelessly D. Foolishly

15. A. ancient B. ugly C. thick D. beautiful

16. A. clear B. ready C. real D. sure

17. A. excitement B. surprise C. tears D. happiness

18. A. made B. helped C. became D. changed

19. A. well B. wrong C. smooth D. good

20. A. part B. location C. existence D. beauty

跟蹤導(dǎo)練（三）

選詞填空

從下列方框里10個(gè)單詞中選擇8個(gè)適當(dāng)單詞的正確形式填入下列各句中，使其句意完整。每個(gè)單詞只使用一次。

connect tourism household industry homeless

crowd inhabitant similarity audience landscape

1. May I speak to the head of your ____ .

2. The kind old lady offered to take in the poor ____ stranger.

3. Nearly everyone knows that Japan is a（n） ____ country.

4. Every ____ of this planet must protect the environment against pollution.

5. There is a wonderful ____ between the twins.

6. She rarely spoke， and she had no ____ with the world.

7. The shipbuilding ____ of the south is rapidly expanding.

8. The restaurants regular customers are being crowded out by ____ .

句子翻譯

1. 這里的汽車比我們城市的少。

2. 她掙的錢(qián)比我掙的少。

3. 我遲到了，不過(guò)幸好他們還沒(méi)離開(kāi)。

4. 約翰的英語(yǔ)書(shū)沒(méi)有湯姆的多。

單項(xiàng)選擇

1. Its not easy for us to reach that level because of our countrys ___ population.

A. huge B. vast

C. much D. big

2. The boy had no food to eat， so he drank a lot of water to ___ hunger.

A. replace B. lose

C. reduce D. ban

3. — What do you want to do next？ We have half an hour until the

basketball game begins.

— ___ .

A. It just depends B. Its up to you

C. All right D. Glad to hear that

4. In the dark forests ___ ， some large enough to hold several English towns.

A. stand many lakes B. lie many lakes

C. many lakes lie D. many lakes stand

5. John said he would pay ___ second visit to China ___ next month.

A. the； / B. the； the

C. a； the D. a； /

6. Its really unbelievable！ Can you ___ her swimming across the English Channel？

A. believe B. imagine

C. mind D. think

7. He said his answer was right； in fact， he was mistaken， ___ .

A. either B. however

C. although D. as well

8. — Shall we have our picnic tomorrow？

— ___ it doesnt rain.

A. Until B. While

C. Once D. If

9. — Somebody wants you on the phone.

— ___ no one knows Im here.

A. For B. And

C. But D. So

10. The children loved their day trip， and they enjoyed the horse riding ___ .

A. little B. most

C. more D. less

閱讀表達(dá)（閱讀下面短文，并按照題目要求用英語(yǔ)回答問(wèn)題。）

The Taj Mahal is a love story， a sad and beautiful one. If it didnt exist， we would easily imagine that the story of its construction was simply a fairy tale.

Three hundred years ago， there lived an Indian emperor called Shah Jahan. His wife was a beautiful and bright woman whom he loved greatly. Her title was Mumtazl Mahan： its shortened form Taj Mahan， means “pride of the palace”. In the year 1630 this beloved wife of the emperor died. He was so brokenhearted that he thought of giving up his throne. He decided out of his love for his wife， to build her the most beautiful tomb that had ever been seen.

He called in the best artists and architects from India， Turkey， Persia and Arabia and finally， the design was complete. It took more than twenty thousand men working over a period of 18 years to build the Taj Mahan， one of the most beautiful buildings in the world.

The building itself stands on a marble （大理石） platform 29 meters square and 6-7 meters high. Towers rise from each of the four corners. The Taj itself soars another 61 meters into the air. It is an eight-sided building made of white marble.

The emperor planned to build an identical tomb of black marble for himself on the other side of the river connected by a silver bridge. However， his son put him into a prison in the palace before he could finish， and for the rest of his life， he could only gaze across river at the tomb of his beloved wife.

1. Where is the Taj Mahal？ （within 2 words）

2. For whom was the Taj Mahal built？ （within 4 words）

3. How long did it take to build the Taj Mahal （within 3 words）

4. What was the Taj Mahal made of ？ （within 6 words）

5. Why couldnt the emperor build the same tomb for himself？ （within 8 words）

跟蹤導(dǎo)練（四）

閱讀理解

When I was about 12， I had an enemy， a girl who liked to point out my shortcomings. Week by week her list grew： I was very thin， I wasnt a good student， I talked too much， I was too proud， and so on. I tried to hear all this as long as I could. At last， I became very angry. I ran to my father with tears in my eyes.

He listened to me quietly， then he asked， “Are the things she says true or not？ Janet， didnt you ever wonder what youre really like？ Well， you now have that girls opinion. Go and make a list of everything she said and mark the points that are true. Pay no attention to the other things she said.”

I did as he told me. To my great surprise， I discovered that about half the things were true. Some of them I couldnt change （like being very thin）， but a good number I could—and suddenly I wanted to change. For the first time I go to fairly clear picture of myself.

I brought the list back to Daddy. He refused to take it. “Thats just for you，” he said. “You know better than anyone else the truth about yourself. But you have to learn to listen， not just close your ears in anger and feeling hurt. When something said about you is true， youll find it will be of help to you. Our world is full of people who think they know your duty. Dont shut your ears. Listen to them all， but hear the truth and do what you know is the right thing to do.”

Daddys advice has returned to me at many important moments. In my life， Ive never had a better piece of advice.

1. What did the father do after he had heard writers complaint？

A. He told her not to pay any attention.

B. He refused to take the list and have a look at it.

C. He told her to pay attention only to the things that were true.

D. He criticized （批評(píng)） her and told her to overcome her shortcomings.

2. What does the underlined sentence mean？

A. The list was growing longer and longer.

B. The writers shortcomings grew more serious.

C. The “enemy” discovered more shortcomings.

D. The writer was having more shortcomings as time went on.

3. Why did the writers father listen to her quietly？

A. He wasnt quite sure which girl was telling the truth.

B. He knew that his daughter would not listen to him.

C. He believed that what the “enemy” said was mostly true.

D. He was so angry with the writers shortcomings that he wanted to keep silent.

4. Which do you think would be the best title for this passage？

A. My Father

B. My Childhood

C. The Best Advice Ive Ever Had

D. Not an Enemy， but the Best Friend

選詞填空

從下列方框里10個(gè)單詞中選擇8個(gè)適當(dāng)單詞的正確形式填入下列各句中，使其句意完整。每個(gè)單詞只使用一次。

smart locate vast exchange transport

entertainment pollute fortunate complex destroy

1. It is ____ that the weather is so bad.

2. First， we must decide on the ____ of our new swimming pool.

3. Id like to go to the concert but Ive no ____ .

4. The ____ water made many people sick.

5. He looks so ____ in that suit！

6. Frequent cultural ____ will certainly help develop friendly relations between our two universities.

7. He fell in the water， much to the ____ of the children.

8. It contained a（n） ____ number of letters in great disorder.

句子翻譯

1. 今年他們生產(chǎn)的相機(jī)數(shù)量增加了30%。

2. 我認(rèn)為他與這事密切相關(guān)。

3. 我拿三本書(shū)換你的一張電影票。

4. 她努力學(xué)習(xí)，結(jié)果輕松地通過(guò)了考試。

單項(xiàng)選擇

1. Please ___ his true name in every way.

A. find out B. look for

C. go over D. look over

2. A lot of people tried， but ___ succeeded.

A. many B. more

C. a few D. few

3. More natural resources should be made use of ___ the ___ need of energy.

A. meeting； increasing B. to meet； increased

C. meeting； increased D. to meet； increasing

4. Walk close ___ it and try to see if it is connected ___ our network.

A. with； to B. to； about

C. to； with D. with； about

5. — Are you sure Nick will help us if we are in trouble？

— ___ . He is a reliable friend.

A. It doesnt matter B. Dont take it to heart

C. You can count on it D. No problem

6. What ___ surprise！ He has won the game without making great ___ .

A. a； progress B. the； effort

C. a； effort D. /； progress

7. The earths climate will warm up over the next 50 to 100 years ___ it has warmed up since the Ice Age.

A. as much as B. as well as

C. as long as D. as soon as

8. Let Harry play with your toys as well. Clare， you must learn to ___ .

A. support B. care

C. give D. share

9. Good storyteller must be able to hold his listeners curiosity ___ he reaches the end of the story.

A. when B. after

C. unless D. until

10. In my opinion， success should not be ___ by how much money you have.

A. added B. measured

C. decided D. affected

全球糧食浪費(fèi)觸目驚心

Food Wasting

The food the world wastes accounts for more greenhouse gas emissions than any country except for China and the United States， the United Nations said in a report entitled The Food Wastage Footprint.

聯(lián)合國(guó)糧農(nóng)組織（FAO）發(fā)布題為《糧食浪費(fèi)足跡》的報(bào)告稱，全球糧食浪費(fèi)產(chǎn)生的溫室氣體排放，超過(guò)中國(guó)和美國(guó)以外其他任何國(guó)家的排放量。

Every year about a third of all food for human consumption， around 1.3 billion tons， is wasted， along with all the energy， water and chemicals needed to produce it and dispose of it.

全球每年約有1/3的糧食被浪費(fèi)，浪費(fèi)量大約為13億噸。與此同時(shí)，生產(chǎn)和處理糧食所需的能源、水和化學(xué)制品也被浪費(fèi)。

Almost 30 percent of the worlds farmland， and a volume of water equivalent to the annual discharge of the River Volga， are in effect being used in vain.

全球幾乎有30%的農(nóng)田和相當(dāng)于俄羅斯伏爾加河年流量的水資源被白白消耗。

In its report， the FAO estimated that the carbon footprint of wasted food was equivalent to 3.3 billion tons of carbon dioxide per year.

聯(lián)合國(guó)糧農(nóng)組織在報(bào)告中預(yù)測(cè)，糧食浪費(fèi)產(chǎn)生的碳足跡，相當(dāng)于每年排放33億噸二氧化碳。

If it were a country， it would be the worlds third biggest emitter after China and the United States， suggesting that more efficient food use could contribute substantially to global efforts to cut greenhouse gases to limit global warming.

如果把糧食浪費(fèi)造成的碳排放看成一個(gè)國(guó)家，那么則是繼中國(guó)和美國(guó)之后的全球第三大溫室氣體排放國(guó)。這表明更有效地使用糧食，將能為減少溫室氣體排放以抑制氣候變暖做出巨大貢獻(xiàn)。

In the industrialized world， much of the waste comes from consumers buying too much and throwing away what they do not eat. In developing countries， it is mainly the result of inefficient farming and a lack of proper storage facilities.

在工業(yè)發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家，多數(shù)糧食浪費(fèi)與消費(fèi)者購(gòu)買(mǎi)太多食物、把沒(méi)吃的食物扔掉有關(guān)。在發(fā)展中國(guó)家，農(nóng)業(yè)效率低且缺乏適當(dāng)?shù)拇鎯?chǔ)設(shè)施，是造成糧食浪費(fèi)的主要原因。

“Food wastage reduction would not only avoid pressure on scarce natural resources but also decrease the need to raise food production by 60 percent in order to meet the 2050 population demand，”the FAO said.

“減少浪費(fèi)食物，不僅能避免因稀缺的自然資源減少產(chǎn)生的壓力，還能減輕需要提高糧食生產(chǎn)水平60%才能滿足2050年的人口需求的壓力，”聯(lián)合國(guó)糧農(nóng)組織稱。

It suggested improving communication between producers and consumers to manage the supply chain more efficiently， as well as investing more in harvesting， cooling and packaging methods.

報(bào)告建議提高生產(chǎn)者和消費(fèi)者之間的溝通，更有效地管理供應(yīng)鏈，以及更多地投資于收獲、冷卻和包裝方法。

It also said consumers in the developed world should be encouraged to serve smaller portions and make more use of leftovers. Businesses should give surplus food to charities， and develop alternatives to dumping organic waste in landfill.

該報(bào)道還說(shuō)，在發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家的消費(fèi)者應(yīng)鼓勵(lì)、服務(wù)弱勢(shì)群體，更多地利用剩余糧食。企業(yè)應(yīng)該捐給慈善機(jī)構(gòu)剩余食品，開(kāi)發(fā)替代食品以及有機(jī)廢物倒入垃圾填埋場(chǎng)。

The FAO estimated the cost of the wasted food， excluding fish and seafood， at about $750 billion a year， based on producer prices.

聯(lián)合國(guó)糧農(nóng)組織估算，基于生產(chǎn)者價(jià)格，不包括魚(yú)和海鮮，一年所浪費(fèi)糧食的經(jīng)濟(jì)損失約為7500億美元。

The wasted food consumes about 250 cubic km of water and takes up about 1.4 billion hectares—much of it diverse natural habitat that has been cleared to make it arable.

被浪費(fèi)的糧食所消耗的水約2.5億方，耕地約1.4億公頃——其中大部分是已被破壞的多樣化的自然生態(tài)棲息地。

Every year about a third of all food for human consumption， around 1.3 billion tons， is wasted， along with all the energy， water and chemicals needed to produce it and dispose of it.

全球每年約有1/3的糧食被浪費(fèi)，浪費(fèi)量大約為13億噸。與此同時(shí)，生產(chǎn)和處理糧食所需的能源、水和化學(xué)制品也被浪費(fèi)。

Almost 30 percent of the worlds farmland， and a volume of water equivalent to the annual discharge of the River Volga， are in effect being used in vain.

全球幾乎有30%的農(nóng)田和相當(dāng)于俄羅斯伏爾加河年流量的水資源被白白消耗。

In its report， the FAO estimated that the carbon footprint of wasted food was equivalent to 3.3 billion tons of carbon dioxide per year.

聯(lián)合國(guó)糧農(nóng)組織在報(bào)告中預(yù)測(cè)，糧食浪費(fèi)產(chǎn)生的碳足跡，相當(dāng)于每年排放33億噸二氧化碳。

If it were a country， it would be the worlds third biggest emitter after China and the United States， suggesting that more efficient food use could contribute substantially to global efforts to cut greenhouse gases to limit global warming.

如果把糧食浪費(fèi)造成的碳排放看成一個(gè)國(guó)家，那么則是繼中國(guó)和美國(guó)之后的全球第三大溫室氣體排放國(guó)。這表明更有效地使用糧食，將能為減少溫室氣體排放以抑制氣候變暖做出巨大貢獻(xiàn)。

In the industrialized world， much of the waste comes from consumers buying too much and throwing away what they do not eat. In developing countries， it is mainly the result of inefficient farming and a lack of proper storage facilities.

在工業(yè)發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家，多數(shù)糧食浪費(fèi)與消費(fèi)者購(gòu)買(mǎi)太多食物、把沒(méi)吃的食物扔掉有關(guān)。在發(fā)展中國(guó)家，農(nóng)業(yè)效率低且缺乏適當(dāng)?shù)拇鎯?chǔ)設(shè)施，是造成糧食浪費(fèi)的主要原因。

“Food wastage reduction would not only avoid pressure on scarce natural resources but also decrease the need to raise food production by 60 percent in order to meet the 2050 population demand，”the FAO said.

“減少浪費(fèi)食物，不僅能避免因稀缺的自然資源減少產(chǎn)生的壓力，還能減輕需要提高糧食生產(chǎn)水平60%才能滿足2050年的人口需求的壓力，”聯(lián)合國(guó)糧農(nóng)組織稱。

It suggested improving communication between producers and consumers to manage the supply chain more efficiently， as well as investing more in harvesting， cooling and packaging methods.

報(bào)告建議提高生產(chǎn)者和消費(fèi)者之間的溝通，更有效地管理供應(yīng)鏈，以及更多地投資于收獲、冷卻和包裝方法。

It also said consumers in the developed world should be encouraged to serve smaller portions and make more use of leftovers. Businesses should give surplus food to charities， and develop alternatives to dumping organic waste in landfill.

該報(bào)道還說(shuō)，在發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家的消費(fèi)者應(yīng)鼓勵(lì)、服務(wù)弱勢(shì)群體，更多地利用剩余糧食。企業(yè)應(yīng)該捐給慈善機(jī)構(gòu)剩余食品，開(kāi)發(fā)替代食品以及有機(jī)廢物倒入垃圾填埋場(chǎng)。

The FAO estimated the cost of the wasted food， excluding fish and seafood， at about $750 billion a year， based on producer prices.

聯(lián)合國(guó)糧農(nóng)組織估算，基于生產(chǎn)者價(jià)格，不包括魚(yú)和海鮮，一年所浪費(fèi)糧食的經(jīng)濟(jì)損失約為7500億美元。

The wasted food consumes about 250 cubic km of water and takes up about 1.4 billion hectares—much of it diverse natural habitat that has been cleared to make it arable.

被浪費(fèi)的糧食所消耗的水約2.5億方，耕地約1.4億公頃——其中大部分是已被破壞的多樣化的自然生態(tài)棲息地。

Every year about a third of all food for human consumption， around 1.3 billion tons， is wasted， along with all the energy， water and chemicals needed to produce it and dispose of it.

全球每年約有1/3的糧食被浪費(fèi)，浪費(fèi)量大約為13億噸。與此同時(shí)，生產(chǎn)和處理糧食所需的能源、水和化學(xué)制品也被浪費(fèi)。

Almost 30 percent of the worlds farmland， and a volume of water equivalent to the annual discharge of the River Volga， are in effect being used in vain.

全球幾乎有30%的農(nóng)田和相當(dāng)于俄羅斯伏爾加河年流量的水資源被白白消耗。

In its report， the FAO estimated that the carbon footprint of wasted food was equivalent to 3.3 billion tons of carbon dioxide per year.

聯(lián)合國(guó)糧農(nóng)組織在報(bào)告中預(yù)測(cè)，糧食浪費(fèi)產(chǎn)生的碳足跡，相當(dāng)于每年排放33億噸二氧化碳。

If it were a country， it would be the worlds third biggest emitter after China and the United States， suggesting that more efficient food use could contribute substantially to global efforts to cut greenhouse gases to limit global warming.

如果把糧食浪費(fèi)造成的碳排放看成一個(gè)國(guó)家，那么則是繼中國(guó)和美國(guó)之后的全球第三大溫室氣體排放國(guó)。這表明更有效地使用糧食，將能為減少溫室氣體排放以抑制氣候變暖做出巨大貢獻(xiàn)。

In the industrialized world， much of the waste comes from consumers buying too much and throwing away what they do not eat. In developing countries， it is mainly the result of inefficient farming and a lack of proper storage facilities.

在工業(yè)發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家，多數(shù)糧食浪費(fèi)與消費(fèi)者購(gòu)買(mǎi)太多食物、把沒(méi)吃的食物扔掉有關(guān)。在發(fā)展中國(guó)家，農(nóng)業(yè)效率低且缺乏適當(dāng)?shù)拇鎯?chǔ)設(shè)施，是造成糧食浪費(fèi)的主要原因。

“Food wastage reduction would not only avoid pressure on scarce natural resources but also decrease the need to raise food production by 60 percent in order to meet the 2050 population demand，”the FAO said.

“減少浪費(fèi)食物，不僅能避免因稀缺的自然資源減少產(chǎn)生的壓力，還能減輕需要提高糧食生產(chǎn)水平60%才能滿足2050年的人口需求的壓力，”聯(lián)合國(guó)糧農(nóng)組織稱。

It suggested improving communication between producers and consumers to manage the supply chain more efficiently， as well as investing more in harvesting， cooling and packaging methods.

報(bào)告建議提高生產(chǎn)者和消費(fèi)者之間的溝通，更有效地管理供應(yīng)鏈，以及更多地投資于收獲、冷卻和包裝方法。

It also said consumers in the developed world should be encouraged to serve smaller portions and make more use of leftovers. Businesses should give surplus food to charities， and develop alternatives to dumping organic waste in landfill.

該報(bào)道還說(shuō)，在發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家的消費(fèi)者應(yīng)鼓勵(lì)、服務(wù)弱勢(shì)群體，更多地利用剩余糧食。企業(yè)應(yīng)該捐給慈善機(jī)構(gòu)剩余食品，開(kāi)發(fā)替代食品以及有機(jī)廢物倒入垃圾填埋場(chǎng)。

The FAO estimated the cost of the wasted food， excluding fish and seafood， at about $750 billion a year， based on producer prices.

聯(lián)合國(guó)糧農(nóng)組織估算，基于生產(chǎn)者價(jià)格，不包括魚(yú)和海鮮，一年所浪費(fèi)糧食的經(jīng)濟(jì)損失約為7500億美元。

The wasted food consumes about 250 cubic km of water and takes up about 1.4 billion hectares—much of it diverse natural habitat that has been cleared to make it arable.

被浪費(fèi)的糧食所消耗的水約2.5億方，耕地約1.4億公頃——其中大部分是已被破壞的多樣化的自然生態(tài)棲息地。