By+Watt+Key
懷特·凱(Watt Key, 1970~),美國小說家、作家。其作品《阿拉巴馬的月亮》(Alabama Moon)講述了“大森林里的英雄”、十歲的阿月·布萊克(Moon Blake)在爸爸去世后,逐漸認識外面的世界,深刻體會什么是人性、友情和愛的故事。該書獲得了包括美國圖書館協(xié)會最佳青少年圖書獎、美國兒童書商協(xié)會E.B.懷特朗讀獎、美國家長首選金牌獎在內(nèi)的多項大獎。
下文節(jié)選自本書第24章,講述阿月(Moon)帶領(lǐng)小伙伴基特(Kit)和哈爾(Hal)從孤兒院逃出來后在森林里遇到暴風雨,哈爾(Hal)最終決定放棄森林生活。
精彩片段
The rain came hard that night, and red clay1) ran down the hillside into our hair and down our backs. The three of us sat shivering with wet blankets hanging over our shoulders. I realized I'd made a mistake. Papa had always told me that shelter was the most important thing in the forest. He said you could go for days without water and even weeks without food, but being caught out in a storm would get you sick and maybe dead.
The one thing I knew we had going for us was that it wouldn't get too cold as long as we had cloud cover to keep that heat down near the ground. The temperature was still well above freezing. We might not get sick if we made a shelter and dried our clothes and blankets before nightfall the next day.
"Let's go find a magnolia tree2)!" I yelled at them through the storm. "The leaves are big enough to keep the rain off." They looked up and nodded at me with chattering3) teeth. We walked stiffly through the darkness, trying to place our feet where they didn't slide from under us with the mud. The dogs followed like they didn't care and didn't feel the rain at all. I located a magnolia and pointed for them to get under its broad leaves. The three of us crawled beneath and sat with our backs against the trunk.
"Holly trees4) can keep you out of the rain, too," I said. They didn't respond. The dogs settled a few yards from us and watched with their chins on their paws.
The rain didn't come as hard under the tree but still dripped on us steadily. Hal was the first to put the wet blanket over his head for protection. Kit soon followed, and I was left staring at the two lumps beside me.
"We're gonna have shelter tomorrow," I said loudly. "And weapons. We'll be able to kill a deer and get meat."
Neither of them replied or moved from under their blankets.
"And no school," I reminded them. "And we'll—"
"Shut up, Moon!" Hal yelled.
I grew sick with worry as Hal's words echoed in my head. I wanted to ask Kit if he was mad at me, too, but I was afraid of what he might say. I lowered my chin to my chest and let my own teeth start to chatter. The rain poured around us and dripped from the leaves down onto my head and then off my bangs and into my lap. After a while, I pulled the blanket over my head and crossed my arms and shivered.endprint
The storm slowed to a cold drizzle5) in the dark early-morning hours. No one else stirred when I got up and left for the leaning pine tree. Even the dogs nested deeper into the leaves and seemed to want no part of moving about.
I found my way to the place where we'd made the fire and then walked downhill until I saw the black shadow of the leaning pine and heard the roiling of the swollen6) creek below. I worked until just after daylight, placing long poles7) of shaved bay8) branches against the trunk and crossing them with fans of green pine needles to shed the rain. On the inside of the shelter, I cleared the ground of rocks and sticks so that it would make a smooth surface for the marsh grass I would put down later. When the lower shelter was complete, I dragged the soft boughs9) of bay trees up into the limbs and crisscrossed10) them to make a platform. On top of those, I laid a bed of dead pine needles that were dried of sap11).
An hour after daylight, I had mostly completed a rough shelter that would keep the three of us dry. Above was the lookout platform where we could also sleep when the weather was warm. The drizzling rain had stopped, and the forest was overcast and dripping.
When I returned to the magnolia tree, Kit was there with his blanket wrapped around his shoulders. He smiled weakly.
"Where are Hal and the dogs?" I asked.
Kit hesitated for a moment. "Gone," he finally said.
"Gone?"
Kit looked worried. "A while ago he got up and left. The dogs followed him."
"Back to the fire? Lookin' for me? Where?"
"He said he was going home."
"Home?" I said.
Kit nodded.
"Already! Which way?"
Kit pointed up the hill. I spun around and ran. I broke from the trees and searched right and then left and saw Hal and the dogs sitting in the distance.
"Hal!" I yelled. The dogs looked back at me, but Hal stared away.
I ran after him, jumping fallen timber and ducking low branches. Once I tripped and fell on my face. When I got up, Hal was watching me. He made me walk the rest of the way until I was stooped before him with my hands on my knees and catching my breath.
"I thought ... I thought you were leavin'?" I said to the ground.
"I am. Soon as I figure out which way to go."
那晚的雨來勢兇猛,紅色的泥土順著山坡沖下來,淌進我們的頭發(fā)里,順著我們的后背流下來。我們?nèi)齻€肩上披著濕透的毯子,坐在那里瑟瑟發(fā)抖。我意識到我犯了一個錯。以前爸爸總是告訴我,在森林里,一個躲避風雨的地方是最重要的。他說,你可以好幾天不喝水,甚至可以幾個星期不吃東西,但是困在暴風雨中會讓你生病,還可能會讓你死掉。endprint
我知道有一件事是對我們有利的——只要我們頭頂上有云,天氣就不會太冷,因為云層能讓熱量滯留在靠近地面的地方。氣溫仍舊穩(wěn)穩(wěn)地保持在零度以上。如果我們能在第二天夜幕降臨前搭好一個遮風擋雨的住處,烘干衣服和毯子,我們可能就不會生病。
“咱們?nèi)フ铱媚咎m樹!”我透過暴風雨向他們大喊,“木蘭樹葉子很大,可以擋雨?!彼麄兲ь^看了看我,點點頭,牙齒還在打戰(zhàn)。我們在黑暗中僵硬地行走,盡量不走那些會讓我們滑倒在泥里的地方。那兩條狗跟著我們,似乎并不在意,甚至好像一點都沒感覺到天在下雨。我發(fā)現(xiàn)了一棵木蘭樹,示意他們到寬闊的葉子下面去。我們?nèi)齻€爬到了木蘭樹底下,背靠著樹干坐下來。
“冬青樹也可以用來避雨。”我說道。他們倆沒有應(yīng)聲。兩條狗在距離我們幾碼遠的地方趴下,把下巴枕在爪子上看著我們。
雨到樹底下就沒那么大了,但還是不停地滴到我們身上。哈爾第一個把濕透的毯子蓋到頭上遮雨,基特緊隨其后,而我只是呆呆地看著旁邊這兩個笨拙的家伙。
“明天我們就會有住的地方了,”我大聲說,“還會有武器。我們就能去打鹿,就會有肉吃了。”
他們倆都沒吭聲,也沒從毯子底下探頭出來。
“還不用上學,”我提醒他們,“而且我們還能——”
“閉嘴吧,阿月!”哈爾喊道。
我開始擔心起來,哈爾的話在腦海中回蕩著。我想問基特是不是他也生我的氣了,但是又害怕聽到他可能會說的那些話。我低下頭,下巴抵著胸口,任由我的牙齒開始打戰(zhàn)。大雨在我們周圍傾瀉而下,流過樹葉,滴到我頭上,又從我的劉海落下,掉到我腿上。過了一會兒,我拽過毯子蓋在頭上,雙臂交叉抱著,哆嗦起來。
暴風雨在黑暗的凌晨時分慢慢減弱為冰冷的毛毛雨。當我站起來動身去找那棵長斜了的松樹時,他們倆誰也沒動彈。甚至連臥在落葉堆里的兩條狗看起來也沒有一點想要動一動的意思。
我找到了我們之前生火的地方,然后一直往山下走去,直到我看到那棵斜松的黑影,聽到下面那條水漲的小溪湍急的流水聲。我一直干到天亮,靠著那棵斜松的樹干放了一些長長的修剪過的月桂樹枝,又在這上面用扇形的綠色松針把那些月桂枝交織到一起來擋雨。在小屋的里面,我把那塊堆滿石塊和樹枝的地面清理出來,好有塊平整些的地,讓我稍后可以鋪些水草上去。下面的小屋完工之后,我又把一些軟的月桂樹枝拖到了那棵斜松的樹干上,交叉著放好,做成一個平臺。在這上面,我又鋪了一層已經(jīng)沒了汁液的干松針。
天亮一小時后,我已經(jīng)基本搭好了一個粗糙的小屋,能讓我們?nèi)齻€不被雨淋濕。在這上面是一個望臺,天暖和的時候,我們也可以在上面睡覺。蒙蒙細雨已經(jīng)停了,森林里很陰沉,還濕淋淋的。
當我回到木蘭樹下的時候,基特肩上裹著毯子坐在那里,虛弱地對我笑了笑。
“哈爾和那兩條狗去哪兒了?”我問。
基特猶豫了一會兒?!白吡恕!彼罱K還是說了。
“走了?”
基特看起來有點擔心?!安痪弥?,他站起來走了,那兩條狗也跟著他走了?!?/p>
“回到生火的地方了嗎?去找我嗎?去哪兒了?”
“他說他要回家去?!?/p>
“回家?”我說。
基特點點頭。
“已經(jīng)回家了!往哪邊走的?”
基特指著上山的方向。我轉(zhuǎn)身就跑,穿過樹林,找完右邊又找左邊,終于看到哈爾和兩條狗在遠處坐著。
“哈爾!”我大聲喊道。兩條狗回過頭來看我,哈爾卻盯著別處。
我跑著追過去,跳過倒下的樹木,避開低矮的樹枝。一不小心,我被絆了一下,摔倒在地上。當我站起來的時候,哈爾正看著我。他并沒有動彈,我只能一路走過去,直到我彎著腰站到他面前,雙手扶著膝蓋大喘氣。
“我以為……我以為你要走了呢?”我對著地面說道。
“我是要走,一旦弄清該走哪條路我就走?!?/p>
1. clay [kle?] n. 泥土;濕土
2. magnolia tree: 木蘭樹
3. chatter [?t??t?(r)] vi. (牙齒)打戰(zhàn)
4. holly tree: 冬青樹
5. drizzle [?dr?zl] n. 毛毛雨;蒙蒙細雨
6. swollen
[?sw??l?n] adj. 漲滿的,漲水的
7. pole [p??l] n. 桿;柱
8. bay [be?] n. 月桂樹
9. bough [ba?] n. 粗樹枝
10. crisscross
[?kr?skr?s] vt. 使……交叉
11. sap [s?p] n. 樹液;樹汁
賞析
《阿拉巴馬的月亮》用詩意而專業(yè)的語言勾畫了一幅野外生存的全景圖,驚險的故事情節(jié)、細節(jié)化的生活點滴和神秘的自然世界創(chuàng)造的迎面而來的新奇氛圍無疑刷新、填補了我們?nèi)粘I畹钠降瓱o奇。當然,這絕不是一本戶外生存手冊(雖然我們可以從中學到不少戶外生存技巧),它探討的是人性的善與惡,提出的是人在自然與社會之間該如何選擇、如何平衡的問題,思考了生活方式的可能性,傳遞了愛與信任的正能量。
小說的主人公阿月從小和爸爸生活在阿拉巴馬的森林里,過著幾近與世隔絕的生活。阿月十歲那年,與他相依為命的爸爸因腿傷感染卻拒絕走出森林尋求醫(yī)治而最終傷重去世。爸爸去世后,阿月按照爸爸的囑咐打算只身前往阿拉斯加,去那里的森林中開始新的生活。雖然他搞不清楚為什么爸爸說政府的人會來抓他,也不明白他們一家人為什么要長期隱居在這荒無人煙的森林里,但他始終相信爸爸說的都是對的。而且阿月知道他可以靠自己活下去,因為他懂得一切在野外生存所必需的知識:他知道如何設(shè)置陷阱捕捉動物,會用獸皮做衣帽和鞋子,會搭建臨時住所,會采集植物制藥,還能根據(jù)星星辨別方位。可還沒等阿月動身,他成了孤兒的消息就被唯一和他有過接觸的便利店老板傳了出去。好心的律師威靈頓先生想要幫助阿月,卻不期然引來了壞警察桑德斯,阿月計劃中的阿拉斯加之旅就此生生變成了一場逃亡。阿月被邪惡的桑德斯抓住,輾轉(zhuǎn)到了一個類似于孤兒院的地方——“男孩之家”。在那里,他結(jié)識了基特和哈爾,并以自己的真誠、善良和堅忍贏得了他們的友誼和信任。不甘被禁錮的阿月帶著基特和哈爾逃進了森林。他試圖利用自己豐富的野外生存知識盡力使他們過得舒適一些,讓兩個小伙伴愿意陪他在森林中生活下去,但哈爾因為無法忍受森林里的艱苦生活和想念父親而離開了,基特后來也因為病重不得不被送到醫(yī)院救治,阿月只得又一次與寂寞為伴,孤身一人與桑德斯斗智斗勇,還被桑德斯誣陷。最后,在律師威靈頓先生的幫助下,阿月證明了自己的無辜和清白,見到了父親從未跟他提起過的叔叔邁克,并與叔叔一家迎來了幸福的新生活。endprint
節(jié)選部分講述的是阿月帶領(lǐng)基特和哈爾逃進森林以后發(fā)生的事。此時的阿月已不再是爸爸庇護下不諳世事的孩子,與小伙伴們的朝夕相處、同舟共濟也使他不再是森林中孤僻的“阿拉巴馬的月亮”,他已經(jīng)學會敞開心扉,去信任,去付出,去關(guān)愛,去勇敢而真誠地面對友誼。當知道哈爾已走時,他焦急地尋找,因為他深知兩個好朋友對于他的重要性。這是阿月思想上的一個重大轉(zhuǎn)變。在與父親生活的十年中,受到父親反政府主義思想的影響,阿月將心靈封鎖起來,不相信除父親以外的任何人,因此,他在父親受傷時聽從父親沒有去找醫(yī)生,也再三否認唯一與他們有接觸的便利店老板是他的朋友。而在“男孩之家”的生活使他開始質(zhì)疑父親的選擇,他隱隱約約地感覺到,也許生活還有其他可能。以前,他的世界里只有黑白兩色:父親是對的,其他人都是不能夠信任的;森林里的生活雖然清苦卻很美好,外面的世界雖然舒適但充滿邪惡?,F(xiàn)在,他經(jīng)歷過了森林外面的生活,結(jié)識了要好的朋友,曾經(jīng)遮蔽他視野的那扇窗戶仿佛打開了,陽光灑進來,他漸漸發(fā)現(xiàn),原來人生的光譜上并非只有黑白兩色。
其實,阿月的父親對孩子的成長應(yīng)該負有很大責任,因為正是他的憤世嫉俗和個人英雄主義在阿月心中創(chuàng)造了一個黑白對立的世界。他本人因為越戰(zhàn)的影響變成了極端的反政府主義者,他將恐懼和創(chuàng)傷轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)閷ν饨缢腥撕褪碌囊?guī)避、抗拒與敵意。他高度戒備,猶如蝸牛探觸世界,一旦有人靠近哪怕一絲一毫,就會立刻縮回殼中。世界之于他變得生硬和貧瘠,他踽踽獨行于世間,漸漸失去了愛的能力和信任的能力,以無謂的抵制和犧牲為代價,自顧自地舔舐著傷口,卻絲毫沒有意識到自己在一步步滑向悲劇的深淵。阿月深受父親影響,但幸運的是,他年紀尚幼,世界觀和價值觀還有很大的可塑空間,而且又遇到了給予他真誠友誼的小伙伴、出于正義為他無私提供法律援助的威靈頓先生,以及將他視如己出并給予他家庭溫暖的叔叔邁克。阿月在逃亡過程中實際上無形地實現(xiàn)了自己的成長與蛻變,他從否定一切的偏執(zhí)中走出來,開始質(zhì)疑父親的選擇,開始接受別人的愛并付出自己的愛,試著去包容他人,在黑與白之間開辟出過渡與變通的空間,而他的人生也因這觀念的改變而與先前有了天壤之別。
《阿拉巴馬的月亮》從一個十歲孩子的視角向我們展現(xiàn)了神秘的自然世界,也帶我們一起踏上了一段驚心動魄的冒險旅程。更重要的是,透過他的故事,我們得以反思愛與人性,以及自己對待他人和生活的態(tài)度問題。它提醒我們要把握一種度,以免使堅持變成偏執(zhí),因為用黑白兩色看世界,必然會錯失絢爛的色彩;而用相信美好的心靈去感受愛,去接納,去付出,生活就會因為真情的照耀而呈現(xiàn)出不一樣的赤橙黃綠。
譯 / Feronia
賞析 / 辛彩娜endprint