王愛(ài)琴

一、 help用作動(dòng)詞

1.help sb. 表示“幫助某人”，為其基本用法。如：

Could you help me, please? 你能幫助我嗎？

Please let me help you. 讓我?guī)蛶湍惆伞?/p>

2.Can I help you?為一常用句型，這是服務(wù)人的日常用法，可與What can I do for you?換用，其句義根據(jù)場(chǎng)所不同而變化。如：

(At a coffee house)

——Can I help you, sir?——先生，你要喝點(diǎn)什么？

——Id like a cup of coffee.——來(lái)一杯咖啡吧。

3.help sb. do sth.或help sb. to do sth.表示“幫助某人干某事”。help 后的不定式符號(hào)to既可省去，也可保留。如：

He often helps me （to） study English. 他經(jīng)常幫助我學(xué)英語(yǔ)。

Please help me (to) take the books away. 請(qǐng)幫我把書(shū)拿走。

【溫馨提示】help 后作賓補(bǔ)的動(dòng)詞不定式若是否定式，則to不可省去。如：

I have no idea to help the children not to worry about their exam. 我沒(méi)有辦法去幫助那些孩子不擔(dān)心他們的考試。

No one could help the poor girl not to die. 沒(méi)有一個(gè)人能幫助這可憐的女孩不死去。

4.help sb. with sth.表示“在某方面幫助某人”。如：

He always helped me with my math in the past. 過(guò)去他經(jīng)常在數(shù)學(xué)上幫助我。

I was helping Grandma with her housework. 我在幫助祖母干家務(wù)。

5.cant help doing sth. 表示“忍不住/情不自禁干某事”。如：

I cant help laughing. 我忍不住笑了。

When you see the Great Wall, you always cant help asking the question: How did the people build that? 當(dāng)你看到萬(wàn)里長(zhǎng)城時(shí)，你總會(huì)忍不住問(wèn)這樣的問(wèn)題，人們是怎樣建造長(zhǎng)城的呢？

6.help sb. to sth.表示“給某人取用（食物）”，尤指夾菜、勸酒等。如：

He helps her to some cakes. 他給她拿了一些餅。

What shall I help you to then? 你還要吃點(diǎn)什么？

7.help oneself或help oneself to sth.表示“自用/自取某物”。這一句式是固定用法，oneself為反身代詞，用作help的賓語(yǔ)。該習(xí)語(yǔ)通常是針對(duì)對(duì)方而言，故oneself經(jīng)常變?yōu)閥ourself或yourselves。如：

He helped himself to the meat. 他自己動(dòng)手拿肉吃。

Boys and girls, the food on the table is delicious. Help yourselves, please.孩子們，桌上的食物很可口，自己吃吧。

8.help sb. in/ on...表示“在……（地點(diǎn)）幫忙某人”。如：

Miss Zhao likes to help her students in the English class. 在英語(yǔ)課上，趙老師愿意幫她的學(xué)生們（學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ)）。

He spent his childhood in hard work, helping his father on their small farm. 他在繁重的勞動(dòng)中度過(guò)自己的童年，幫助父親在他們的小農(nóng)場(chǎng)干活。

9.表示“救命（呼救用語(yǔ)）”。如：

“Help! Help! A wolf is coming!” he cried out. 他大聲呼喊著：“救命?。【让?！狼來(lái)了！”

二、help用作名詞

1.表示“幫助、救助、協(xié)助”，是不可數(shù)名詞。如：

Thank you for your kind help. 謝謝你的好意相助。

Your advice was a great help to me. 你的勸告對(duì)我大有幫助。

2.表示“幫助者、助手”，是可數(shù)名詞。如：

You are a good help to me. 你是我的得力助手。

3.構(gòu)成詞組with ones help或with the help of...，表示“在某人的幫助下”。注意在運(yùn)用這個(gè)短語(yǔ)時(shí)，不可受漢語(yǔ)的影響將with換用under。如：

With the computers help, we can send a letter in a very short time.

=With the help of the computer, we can send a letter in a very short time.

在計(jì)算機(jī)的幫助下，我們能在很短時(shí)間內(nèi)發(fā)出一封信。

4.be of （some, much, no） help to sb. 表示“對(duì)某人有（一些，許多，沒(méi)有）幫助”。如：

This matter will be of no help to us. 這件事對(duì)我們沒(méi)有幫助。

【學(xué)以致用】

1. ——Sam, lets go and play basketball.

——Not now. I ______ Dick with his English. （2013年，浙江省臺(tái)州市）

A. help B. helped

C. am helping D. have helped

2. ——What would you like, tea or coffee?

——___________ （2013年，云南?。?/p>

A. A cup of tea, please. B. Its so delicious. Thank you.

C. Help yourself to some fish. D. Yes, please. Thank you.

3. ——Help yourselves to some fish, boys!

——________. （2013年，甘肅省白銀市）

A. Thanks, but were full B. Good news

C. No, please D. Thank you all the same

4. ——Would you like some milk?

——_________ （2013年，安徽省）

A. Yes, please. B. The same to you.

C. Help yourself. D. My pleasure.

5. ——Im too nervous to give a talk before so many people.

——________, Maria. You can do it. （2013年，遼寧省鞍山市）

A. Take care B. Of course

C. Take it easy D. Help yourself

6. Many social workers went to Yaan to help ______ clean water and food to local people to reduce their pain from the earthquake. （2013年，江蘇省常州市）

A. put out B. come out

C. work out D. give out

7. ——Help yourself ______.

——Thanks. Mum，it tastes good.

A. to some chickens B. some chickens

C. to some chicken D. any chicken

8. She often helps her mother ______ after school.

A. do houseworks B. do housework

C. to do houseworks D. housework

Keys: 1-5C A A A C6-8 D C B