陳正幫,甘海峰,馮衛(wèi)楊,黃 雨,郭 凱
(南京工業(yè)大學 生物與制藥工程學院,江蘇 南京 211816)
·制藥技術·
新型醋酸優(yōu)力司特衍生物的合成*
陳正幫,甘海峰,馮衛(wèi)楊,黃 雨,郭 凱
(南京工業(yè)大學 生物與制藥工程學院,江蘇 南京 211816)
以3,20-雙(亞乙二氧基)-17α-羥基-5α,10α-環(huán)氧-19-去甲基孕甾-9(11)-烯為起始原料,與芳基溴經(jīng)格氏加成反應得3,20-雙(亞乙二氧基)-5α,17α-羥基-11β-芳基-19-去甲基孕甾-9-烯(3a~3f);3a~3f經(jīng)羰基脫保護、水分子消除和乙?;磻铣闪?個新型的醋酸優(yōu)力司特衍生物,其結構經(jīng)1H NMR,IR,MS和HR-ESI-MS表征。
醋酸優(yōu)力司特;格式反應;合成
醋酸優(yōu)力司特(UPA)于2010年由美國FDA批準,是一種選擇性孕激素受體調節(jié)劑,可以在無保護性交或性交保護失敗后120h內服藥,且緊急避孕效力不會隨用藥時間延遲而下降[1]。另外,UPA不會對人的正常乳腺組織產(chǎn)生影響[2],且目前沒有關于其衍生物合成的報道。近來,研究發(fā)現(xiàn)UPA的11β-位苯環(huán)上的取代基對其抗激素活性具有很大的影響[3]。
本文參考文獻[4-7]方法設計了在UPA的11β-位引入對取代苯基合成一系列醋酸優(yōu)力司特衍生物。以3,20-雙(亞乙二氧基)-17α-羥基-5α,10α-環(huán)氧-19-去甲基孕甾-9(11)-烯(1)為起始原料,與芳基溴(2a~2f)經(jīng)格氏加成反應制得3,20-雙(亞乙二氧基)-5α,17α-羥基-11β-芳基-19-去甲基孕甾-9-烯(3a~3f);3a~3f經(jīng)羰基脫保護、水分子消除和乙?;磻铣闪?個新型的醋酸優(yōu)力司特衍生物(5a~5f,Scheme 1),其結構經(jīng)1H NMR,IR,MS和HR-ESI-MS表征。期待5有較好的藥理活性。
1.1 儀器與試劑
WRS-1B型熔點儀(溫度未校正);Bruker AV 500MHz型核磁共振儀(CDCl3為溶劑,TMS為內標);Bruker Tensor 27FT-IR型紅外光譜儀(KBr壓片);Agilent Q-TOF 6520型質譜儀。
所用試劑均為分析純。
1.2 合成
(1)3a~3f的合成(以3a為例)
在反應瓶中依次加入Mg 148mg(6mmol)和THF 2mL,攪拌使其溶解;加入I2一粒,二溴乙烷4μL,攪拌下于60℃反應1.5h。緩慢滴入1-溴-4-(甲硫基)苯(2a)1.128g(6mmol)的THF(5mL)溶液,滴畢,回流反應2h。冷卻至室溫,加入CuCl260mg(0.6mmol),攪拌下于室溫反應0.5h。緩慢滴入10.5g(1.2mmol)的THF(4mL)溶液,滴畢,反應2h。緩慢滴入NH4Cl 1.63g的水(9mL)溶液,滴畢,反應0.5h。分液,水相用二氯甲烷(9mL)洗滌,合并有機相和洗液,依次用溶液(NH4Cl 1g+水9.6mL)和水(5.5mL)洗滌,無水硫酸鈉干燥,濃縮后經(jīng)液相色譜柱純化得白色固體3a425mg,產(chǎn)率65.34%。
用類似方法合成3b~3f。
(2)4a~4f的合成(以4a為例)
在反應瓶中依次加入8.5wt%H2SO41.25mL和乙醇12.5mL,攪拌使其溶解;氮氣保護下于室溫反應0.5h。加入3a0.32g(0.64mmol),回流反應2h。冷卻至0℃,用4.5mol·L-1碳酸鉀溶液調至pH9,加水20mL和二氯甲烷20mL,分液,水相10mL二氯甲烷洗滌,合并有機相和洗液,用水(10mL)洗滌,無水硫酸鈉干燥,濃縮后經(jīng)硅膠柱層析[洗脫劑:A=V(DCM)∶V(EA)=4∶1]純化得黃色固體4a0.133g,產(chǎn)率53.2%。
用類似方法合成4b~4f。
(3)5a~5e的合成(以5a為例)
在反應瓶中依次加入三氟乙酸酐(TFAA)0.86mL,乙酸0.35mL和二氯甲烷(DCM)10mL,攪拌使其溶解;反應0.5h。冷卻至0℃,加入對甲苯磺酸(p-TsOH)53.7mg,于0℃緩慢滴加4a133mg(0.305mmol)的DCM(5mL)溶液,滴畢,于室溫反應1h。用4.5mol·L-1碳酸鉀溶液調至pH10,加水10mL,分液,水相用DCM(2×10mL)洗滌,合并有機相和洗液,用水(15mL)洗滌,無水硫酸鈉干燥,濃縮后經(jīng)硅膠柱層析(A=20∶1)純化得黃色固體5a70mg。
用類似方法合成淡黃色固體5b~5e。
17α-乙酰氧基-11β-(4-甲硫基苯基)-19-去甲基孕甾-4,9-二烯-3,20-二酮(5a): 產(chǎn)率70%,m.p.233℃~235℃;1H NMRδ: 0.34(s,3H,18-H),2.08(s,3H,19-H),2.13(s,3H,21-H),2.43(s,3H,CH3S),4.41(d,J=7.3Hz,1H,11-H),5.79(s,1H,4-H),7.06(d,J=8.3Hz,ArH),7.16(d,J=8.3Hz,ArH);13C NMRδ: 203.5,199.0,170.3,155.9,144.3,141.0,135.8,129.6,127.1,126.9,123.1,95.8,50.6,46.9,39.7,38.2,36.8,36.6,30.9,30.2,27.7,26.8,25.7,24.0,21.1,15.7,15.5;IRν:2927,1731,1661,1594,1397,1249cm-1;MSm/z(%): 501.2{[M+Na]+,74};HR-ESI-MSm/z: Calcd for C29H34O4SNa{[M+Na]+}501.2070,found 501.2096。
17α-乙酰氧基-11β-(4-(N,N-二丙基氨基)苯基)-19-去甲基孕甾-4,9-二烯-3,20-二酮(5b): 產(chǎn)率52.9%,m.p.173℃~175℃;1H NMRδ: 0.38(s,3H,18-H),0.90(t,J=7.5Hz,6H,CH3in Pr),1.53~1.59(m,4H,CH2in Pr),2.09(s,3H,19-H),2.12(s,3H,21-H),3.17(t,J=7.5Hz,4H,CH2in Pr),4.36(d,J=6.5Hz,1H,11-H),5.77(s,1H,4-H),6.52(d,J=8.8Hz,ArH),6.91(d,J=8.8Hz,ArH);13C NMRδ: 203.6,199.3,170.5,156.4,146.3,145.8,129.7,129.1,127.2,122.8,111.8,96.2,52.8,50.9,47.0,39.2,38.2,36.8,36.5,30.9,30.2,27.7,26.7,25.7,24.1,21.1,20.3,15.6,11.3;IRν:2927,1733,1662,1514,1396,1246cm-1;MSm/z(%): 532.3[M+,92];HR-ESI-MSm/z: Calcd for C34H46NO4{[M+H]+}532.3421,found 532.3498。
17α-乙酰氧基-11β-(4-(N,N-二丁基氨基)苯基)-19-去甲基孕甾-4,9-二烯-3,20-二酮(5c): 產(chǎn)率53.4%,m.p.176℃~178℃;1H NMRδ: 0.38(s,3H,18-H),0.94(t,J=7.3Hz,6H,CH3in Bu),1.31~1.38(m,4H,CH2in Bu),1.50~1.56(m,4H,CH2in Bu),2.10(s,3H,19-H),2.12(s,3H,21-H),3.20(t,J=7.5Hz,4H,CH2in Bu),4.36(d,J=7.0Hz,1H,11-H),5.77(s,1H,4-H),6.52(d,J=8.5Hz,ArH),6.91(d,J=8.5Hz,ArH);13C NMRδ: 203.6,199.4,170.5,156.5,146.3,145.8,129.6,129.1,127.2,122.8,111.8,96.2,51.0,50.7,47.0,39.2,38.2,36.8,36.5,30.9,30.2,29.3,27.7,26.7,25.7,24.1,21.1,20.2,15.6,13.9;IRν:2925,1729,1713,1616,1513,1397cm-1;MSm/z(%): 560.4[M+,82];HR-ESI-MSm/z: Calcd for C36H50NO4{[M+H]+}560.3734,found 560.3785。
17α-乙酰氧基-11β-(4-N,N-二甲基氨基苯基)-19-去甲基孕甾-4,9-二烯-3,20-二酮(5d): 產(chǎn)率36.8%,m.p.183℃~185℃;1H NMRδ: 0.36(s,3H,18-H),2.09(s,3H,19-H),2.12(s,3H,21-H),2.87[s,6H,N(CH3)2],4.39(d,J=7.0Hz,1H,11- H),5.77(br s,1H,4-H),6.64(d,J=8.5Hz,2H,ArH),6.98(d,J=8.5Hz,2H,ArH);13C NMRδ: 203.6,199.3,170.5,156.4,148.7,145.5,131.5,129.3,127.3,123.0,112.8,96.2,50.9,47.0,40.5,39.4,38.3,36.8,31.0,30.2,27.8,26.8,25.8,24.2,21.2,15.6;IRν:2946,1736,1713,1665,1562,1518,1440,1352,1253cm-1;MSm/z(%): 476.3[M+,87];HR-ESI-MSm/z: Calcd for C30H38NO4{[M+H]+}476.2795,found 476.2802。
17α-乙酰氧基-11β-(4-(N-四氫吡咯基)苯基)-19-去甲基孕甾-4,9-二烯-3,20-二酮(5e): 產(chǎn)率62%,m.p.150℃~152℃;1H NMRδ: 0.38(s,3H,18-H),1.95~1.99(m,4H,β-H),2.09(s,3H,19-H),2.13(s,3H,21-H),3.23~3.27(m,4H,α-H),4.39(d,J=7.0Hz,1H,11-H),5.77(s,1H,4-H),6.52(d,J=8.3Hz,ArH),6.97(d,J=8.3Hz,ArH);13C NMRδ: 203.6,199.3,170.5,156.5,145.9,145.7,129.1,127.3,122.8,111.7,96.2,50.9,47.5,47.0,39.4,38.3,36.8,31.0,30.2,29.6,27.8,26.7,25.7,25.3,24.1,21.1,15.5;IRν:2927,1732,1655,1615,1517,1392,1249cm-1;MSm/z(%): 502.3[M+,64];HR-ESI-MSm/z: Calcd for C32H40NO4{[M+H]+}502.2952,found 502.2977。
(4)5f的合成
在反應瓶中依次加入TFAA 0.391mL,乙酸0.173mL和DCM 4mL,攪拌使其溶解;反應0.5h。冷卻至0℃,加入p-TsOH 21mg,于0℃緩慢滴加4f0.06g(0.138mmol)的DCM(2mL)溶液,滴畢,于室溫反應1h。用4.5mol·L-1碳酸鉀溶液調至pH10,加水5mL,分液,水相用二氯甲烷(2×5mL)洗滌,合并有機相和洗液,用水(10mL)洗滌,無水硫酸鈉干燥,濃縮后經(jīng)硅膠柱層析(A=9∶1)純化得黃色固體17α-乙酰氧基-11β-(4-乙酰基苯基)-19-去甲基孕甾-4,9-二烯-3,20-二酮(5f)41mg,產(chǎn)率62.7%,m.p.243℃~245℃;1H NMRδ: 0.31(s,3H,18-H),2.10(s,3H,19-H),2.13(s,3H,21-H),2.57(s,3H,α-H),4.50(d,J=8.0Hz,1H,11-H),5.81(s,1H,4-H),7.26(d,J=8.5Hz,ArH),7.87(d,J=8.5Hz,ArH);13C NMRδ: 203.5,198.8,170.4,155.7,150.1,143.5,135.2,130.2,128.8,127.0,123.5,95.8,50.7,47.0,40.4,38.4,37.0,36.7,31.0,30.3,27.8,27.0,26.4,25.8,24.1,21.2,15.6;IRν:2930,1733,1662,1608,1515,1392,1245cm-1;MSm/z(%): 497.2[M+,42];HR-ESI-MSm/z: Calcd for C30H34O5Na{[M+Na]+}497.2298,found 497.2299。
2.1 合成與表征
通過對新一代甾體避孕藥醋酸優(yōu)力司特的結構進行合成和分析研究后,通過改變其部分結構,設計并合成了6種新型的醋酸優(yōu)力司特衍生物。
在3的合成中,格氏反應須在嚴格無水和氮氣保護條件下進行,在格氏試劑引發(fā)時加入少量的1,2-二溴乙烷,加入一粒碘使引發(fā)更容易進行,因為碘的活性比溴更強。
IR分析表明,5中C-N基團或C-S基團的吸收峰在1203cm-1~1351cm-1,苯基的吸收峰位于1660cm-1~1739cm-1。5的1H NMR分析表明,5.77~5.81處吸收峰為CH=的質子峰,2.08~2.13處吸收峰為19-H吸收峰,0.90~0.94,1.31~1.38,1.51~1.59和3.17~3.20處吸收峰分別為Prn或Bun的質子吸收峰,1.95~1.99和3.23~3.27處吸收峰為N-吡咯基上的質子峰,2.4和2.57處分別為4-甲硫基和4-乙?;系馁|子峰。13C NMR分析表明,122.7~123.1處吸收峰歸屬C4,170.3~170.5處吸收峰歸屬17α-OAc中的羰基碳。5的MS數(shù)據(jù)理論值一致。
以上分析結果與5預期結構吻合,表明5為Scheme 1預期產(chǎn)物。
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SynthesisofNovelUlipristalAcetateDerivatives
CHEN Zheng-bang, GAN Hai-feng, FENG Wei-yang, HUANG Yu, GUO Kai
(College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering,Nanjing University of Technology,Nanjing 211816,China)
3,20-Bis-ethyl-enedioxy-5α,17α-hydroxy-11β-aryl-19-norpregne-9-ene(3a~3f)were prepared by Grignard reaction of 3,20-bis-ethylenedioxy-17α-hydroxy-5α,10α-epoxy-19-norpregne-9(11)-ene with aryl bromide.Six novel Ulipristal acetate derivatives were synthesized by deprotection of carbonyl group and removal of a molecule water to form an olefinic bond and then acetylation from3a~3f.The structures were characterized by1H NMR,IR,MS and HR-ESI-MS.
Ulipristal acetate;Grignard reaction;synthesis
2014-02-18
中國國家高技術研究發(fā)展計劃863項目(2012AA02A701)
陳正幫(1989-),男,漢族,安徽六安人,碩士研究生,主要從事藥物合成的研究。E-mail: zhengbangchen@163.com
郭凱,教授,Tel.025-58139926,E-mail: kaiguo@njtech.edu.cn
O629.2;O621.3;R914.5
A
1005-1511(2014)05-0698-04