石英+張軍港+王常玉
[摘要] 目的 探討微管調(diào)節(jié)蛋白Stathmin對(duì)卵巢癌順鉑耐藥細(xì)胞C13K增殖和化療敏感性的影響。 方法 應(yīng)用蛋白質(zhì)印記法檢測(cè)卵巢癌順鉑敏感性O(shè)V2008細(xì)胞和耐藥性C13K細(xì)胞Stathmin表達(dá)差異;選擇C13K為實(shí)驗(yàn)細(xì)胞,應(yīng)用siRNA靶向沉默Stathmin(Stathmin-siRNA組),以未轉(zhuǎn)染細(xì)胞為空白對(duì)照組,以轉(zhuǎn)染陰性干擾為陰性對(duì)照組,利用蛋白質(zhì)印記法檢測(cè)siRNA轉(zhuǎn)染效果,MTT法測(cè)定轉(zhuǎn)染對(duì)細(xì)胞增殖和順鉑敏感性的影響,流式細(xì)胞儀測(cè)定轉(zhuǎn)染對(duì)順鉑引起的細(xì)胞周期的變化。 結(jié)果 Stathmin在細(xì)胞C13K的表達(dá)較OV2008的表達(dá)明顯增加。與空白對(duì)照組和陰性對(duì)照組相比,Stathmin-siRNA組中Stathmin表達(dá)明顯降低,C13K細(xì)胞的增殖明顯抑制,Stathmin-siRNA組順鉑半數(shù)致死量IC50[(15.41±1.08)μg/mL]明顯降低。Stathmin-siRNA組順鉑誘導(dǎo)的G2/M期(27.48±0.76)%明顯高于順鉑處理的對(duì)照組。 結(jié)論 干擾Stathmin能明顯抑制C13K細(xì)胞的增殖,增強(qiáng)卵巢癌對(duì)順鉑的敏感性,為卵巢癌治療提供新的前景。
[關(guān)鍵詞] Stathmin;卵巢癌;siRNA;增殖;順鉑
[中圖分類號(hào)] R737.31 [文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識(shí)碼] A [文章編號(hào)] 1673-9701(2014)32-0001-04
Influences of stathmin on C13K cell proliferation and chemosensitivity of cisplatin in ovarian cancer
SHI Ying1,3 ZHANG Jungang2 WANG Changyu3
1.Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Zhejiang Provincial Peoples Hospital, Hangzhou 310014, China; 2.Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Zhejiang Provincial Peoples Hospital, Hangzhou 310014, China; 3.Department of Gynecology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
[Abstract] Objective To explore the role of stathmin on the C13K cell proliferation and chemosensitivity of cisplatin in ovarian cancer. Methods The stathmin expression in cisplatin-sensitive OV2008 and resistant C13K cells was detected by western blot. Effective stathmin siRNA was transfected into ovarian cancer C13K cells(Stathmin-siRNA group). Non-transfected cells were used as blank control and negative siRNA as negative control. Western blot was used to verify the siRNA interference result. MTT was used to measure the cell proliferation and the change of chemosensitivity to cisplatin. Flow cytometry was used to detect the change of cisplatin-induced cell cycle arrest. Results Stathmin expression in C13K cells was higher than that in OV2008 cells. Compared to blank control group and negative control group, Stathmin protein was significantly reduced and the proliferation was significantly inhibited in stathmin-siRNA group, and the IC50 of cisplatin in stathmin-siRNA group [(15.41±1.08) μg/mL] was significantly lower. The cell cycle in G2/M phase induced by cisplatin in stathmin-siRNA group [(27.48±0.76)%] was significantly higher than those in control group. Conclusion Interfering with stathmin can effectively inhibit the proliferation of C13K cell and effectively increase cisplatin chemosensitivity, and provide new prospects for ovarian cancer treatment.
[Key words] Stathmin; Ovarian cancer; siRNA; Proliferation; Cisplatin
卵巢癌是一種常見的嚴(yán)重威脅婦女生命健康的惡性疾病,它的多藥耐藥性已成為影響患者生存的主要因素之一,因此尋找新的靶點(diǎn)進(jìn)行干預(yù)以增強(qiáng)化療的效果是治療卵巢癌的關(guān)鍵點(diǎn)之一[1,2]。Stathmin是一種重要的微管調(diào)節(jié)蛋白,能有效調(diào)控細(xì)胞增殖、細(xì)胞周期進(jìn)展、分化和運(yùn)動(dòng)等生物學(xué)行為過程[3,4]。Stathmin在多種腫瘤表達(dá)上調(diào),下調(diào)Stathmin的表達(dá)可抑制腫瘤的增殖[5-7],我們前期的研究結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn)Stathmin蛋白在卵巢癌組織中呈明顯高表達(dá),與卵巢癌的臨床分期、病理分級(jí)和淋巴轉(zhuǎn)移的病理特征密切相關(guān)[8]。但Stathmin在體外對(duì)卵巢癌細(xì)胞的增殖和順鉑敏感性尚未明確。本研究設(shè)想通過檢測(cè)卵巢癌順鉑耐藥細(xì)胞株C13K和順鉑敏感細(xì)胞株OV2008中Stathmin的表達(dá),明確其表達(dá)差異,進(jìn)而通過干預(yù)Stathmin表達(dá)觀察卵巢癌細(xì)胞增殖和順鉑敏感性變化,為臨床更有效地治療卵巢癌提供理論和實(shí)驗(yàn)依據(jù)。
1 材料與方法
1.1材料
人卵巢癌OV2008及C13K細(xì)胞株由加拿大Ben jam in K,Tsang 博士(Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Molecular University of Ottowa)惠贈(zèng)。Stathmin siRNA 由上海Invitrogen技術(shù)有限公司設(shè)計(jì)并合成,Lipo2000陽離子脂質(zhì)體購買于上海Invitrogen公司,Stathmin和GAPDH兔抗人一抗均購買于美國(guó)Santa Cruz公司。順鉑(DDP)和碘化丙啶(propidium iodine,PI)購買于美國(guó)Sigma公司。
1.2 方法
1.2.1 細(xì)胞培養(yǎng) OV2008及C13K細(xì)胞用PRMI 1640培養(yǎng)基(含10%胎牛血清)在37℃含5%CO2的細(xì)胞培養(yǎng)箱中培養(yǎng),兩種卵巢癌細(xì)胞均呈貼壁性生長(zhǎng),選用對(duì)數(shù)生長(zhǎng)期細(xì)胞進(jìn)行實(shí)驗(yàn)。
1.2.2 蛋白質(zhì)印記法檢測(cè)Stathmin蛋白表達(dá) 細(xì)胞經(jīng)SDS蛋白裂解液裂解獲得蛋白后,BCA蛋白定量法測(cè)定細(xì)胞蛋白含量。蛋白變性后取30 μg蛋白上樣,使用10%SDS聚丙烯酰胺凝膠電泳后轉(zhuǎn)移至PVDF膜上,用5%脫脂奶粉封閉1 h,加入1∶500稀釋的一抗4℃孵育過夜,加入1∶2000稀釋的二抗室溫孵育90 min,ECL增強(qiáng)發(fā)光顯影,使用Bandscan 5.0圖像分析軟件進(jìn)行光密度積分值分析。
1.2.3 轉(zhuǎn)染細(xì)胞 將處于對(duì)數(shù)生長(zhǎng)期的卵巢癌細(xì)胞接種于相應(yīng)的培養(yǎng)板中(6孔板接種細(xì)胞數(shù)約為5×105/孔,96孔板約為1×105/孔),PRMI 1640培養(yǎng)基中不能含抗生素;細(xì)胞生長(zhǎng)到融合度為30%~50%時(shí),按OligofectamineTM Reagent(Invitrogen公司)說明書步驟進(jìn)行寡核苷酸的細(xì)胞轉(zhuǎn)染。Stathmin-siRNA和negative RNAi的干擾序列分別為5'-CUCCAGGGAAAGAUCCUUCUU-3'和5'-CUCAAGCGACGAUAGCUUCUU-3'。應(yīng)用siRNA靶向沉默Stathmin作為Stathmin-siRNA組,以未轉(zhuǎn)染細(xì)胞為空白對(duì)照組,以轉(zhuǎn)染陰性干擾為陰性對(duì)照組。
1.2.4 MTT法檢測(cè)細(xì)胞增殖變化 將C13K細(xì)胞以5×103/孔接種于96孔板中,細(xì)胞貼壁后可進(jìn)行瞬時(shí)轉(zhuǎn)染,每組細(xì)胞均設(shè)復(fù)孔4個(gè),轉(zhuǎn)染24 h、48 h和72 h后在各組細(xì)胞中加入MTT溶液(終濃度1 mg/mL),細(xì)胞培養(yǎng)箱中避光培養(yǎng)4 h,小心丟棄上層培養(yǎng)液,加入二甲基亞砜(DMSO)150 μL于水平搖床輕搖20 min使其充分溶解,酶標(biāo)儀檢測(cè)波長(zhǎng)490 nm處的吸光度值(A)并繪制相應(yīng)增殖曲線。
1.2.5 MTT法檢測(cè)Stathmin siRNA干擾對(duì)順鉑敏感性的影響 將C13K細(xì)胞以5×103/孔接種于96孔板中,使用不含血清的1640培養(yǎng)液饑餓6 h,轉(zhuǎn)染24 h后加入不同濃度的順鉑(終濃度分別為0 μg/mL、7.5 μg/mL、15 μg/mL、22.5 μg/mL和30 μg/mL)繼續(xù)培養(yǎng)24 h,每孔加入MTT溶液(終濃度為1 mg/mL)培養(yǎng)4 h,小心丟棄上層培養(yǎng)液,加入DMSO 150 μL,輕搖20 min至結(jié)晶完全溶解,酶標(biāo)儀檢測(cè)波長(zhǎng)490 nm處吸光值,計(jì)算半數(shù)抑制量數(shù)值(IC50)。
1.2.6 流式細(xì)胞儀檢測(cè)細(xì)胞周期的變化 將細(xì)胞以1×105/孔接種于6孔板中,當(dāng)細(xì)胞達(dá)到30%~50%融合度時(shí),按Invitrogen公司操作說明書進(jìn)行瞬轉(zhuǎn);轉(zhuǎn)染后48 h細(xì)胞融合度能達(dá)到70%~80%,加順鉑(終濃度15 μg/mL)繼續(xù)培養(yǎng)24 h;收集各處理組細(xì)胞,加入70%濃度的冰乙醇固定過夜(-20℃),1200 rpm/min離心5 min,離心半徑為10 cm,使用PBS重懸洗滌細(xì)胞離心,再加入10 μg/mL PI溶液(含0.1%RNase A)500 μL,室溫下避光染色1 h,半小時(shí)內(nèi)流式細(xì)胞儀上機(jī)測(cè)定細(xì)胞周期。
1.3 統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)分析
所有數(shù)據(jù)重復(fù)3次,所有數(shù)據(jù)使用均數(shù)±標(biāo)準(zhǔn)差(x±s)表示,使用SPSS 16.0軟件進(jìn)行統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)處理分析,兩組間數(shù)據(jù)比較采用Students t-test,多組間數(shù)據(jù)比較可采用單因素方差分析和LSD檢驗(yàn),P<0.05認(rèn)為差異具有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義。
2 結(jié)果
2.1 Stathmin在OV2008和C13K細(xì)胞中的表達(dá)
采用蛋白質(zhì)印記法研究發(fā)現(xiàn)Stathmin在卵巢癌順鉑耐藥細(xì)胞株C13K中表達(dá)(0.82±0.02)明顯高于卵巢癌順鉑敏感細(xì)胞株OV2008(0.18±0.02),差異有顯著統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(t=34.80,P<0.01)。見圖1。
2.2 Stathmin siRNA干擾對(duì)C13K細(xì)胞Stathmin蛋白的影響
與空白對(duì)照組(1.69±0.04)和陰性對(duì)照組(1.62±0.03)相比,轉(zhuǎn)染Stathmin siRNA至48 h后,C13K細(xì)胞中的Stathmin 蛋白表達(dá)量均明顯下降(0.37±0.02),三者差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(F=1023,P<0.0l)。而空白對(duì)照和陰性對(duì)照組比較,兩者無統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)差異(P>0.05)。見圖2。
2.3 siRNA轉(zhuǎn)染對(duì)C13K細(xì)胞增殖的影響
用MTT法檢測(cè)空白對(duì)照組、陰性對(duì)照組、Stathmin-siRNA組細(xì)胞增殖變化。結(jié)果顯示轉(zhuǎn)染siRNA 0 h、24 h、48 h后對(duì)細(xì)胞的增殖無明顯影響;而在轉(zhuǎn)染72 h后,Stathmin-siRNA組細(xì)胞的增殖能力(OD=0.55±0.05)明顯低于空白對(duì)照組(OD=1.35±0.06)及陰性對(duì)照組細(xì)胞(OD=1.26±0.08),差異具有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(F=142.6,P<0.01),而空白對(duì)照和陰性對(duì)照組比較,無統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)差異(P>0.05)(圖3)。
圖3 轉(zhuǎn)染siRNA對(duì)C13K細(xì)胞增殖能力的影響
vs空白對(duì)照組和陰性對(duì)照組,bP<0.01
2.4 siRNA轉(zhuǎn)染對(duì)C13K細(xì)胞順鉑敏感性的影響
順鉑作用24 h時(shí)對(duì)空白對(duì)照組的半數(shù)致死劑量IC50為(27.22±2.12)μg/mL,陰性對(duì)照組的IC50為(25.05±1.29)μg/mL,而Stathmin-siRNA組IC50為(15.41±1.08)μg/mL,三者比較,F(xiàn)=31.04,P<0.01,即Stathmin-siRNA干擾后能顯著提高C13K細(xì)胞對(duì)順鉑的敏感性,而與空白對(duì)照組相比,陰性對(duì)照組的順鉑敏感性無明顯變化,差異無統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P>0.05)。見圖4。
圖4 MTT法檢測(cè)轉(zhuǎn)染前后細(xì)胞對(duì)順鉑敏感性的影響
vs空白對(duì)照組和陰性對(duì)照組,aP<0.05、bP<0.01
2.5 Stathmin-siRNA對(duì)順鉑致C13K細(xì)胞周期性的影響
細(xì)胞轉(zhuǎn)染48 h再經(jīng)順鉑(15 μg/mL)作用24 h后,與順鉑作用的空白對(duì)照組[(4.33±0.34)%]和陰性對(duì)照組[(3.31±0.35)%]相比,Stathmin-siRNA組G2/M期細(xì)胞明顯增多[(27.48±0.76)%],差異具有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(F=1362,P<0.01)。同時(shí)對(duì)G0/G1期的影響無統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P>0.05),見表1。
表1 轉(zhuǎn)染siRNA對(duì)C13K細(xì)胞周期的影響(x±s,%)
3 討論
化療耐藥是一個(gè)多因素、多環(huán)節(jié)相互作用、相互影響的復(fù)雜過程。既往研究發(fā)現(xiàn)卵巢癌耐藥的發(fā)生發(fā)展受多個(gè)基因的重要調(diào)控,例如野生型P53的突變[9],BRAC1二次突變[10],凋亡蛋白抑制分子XIAP[11]等在鉑類耐藥的發(fā)生發(fā)展中都發(fā)揮了重要作用。Kigawa等研究發(fā)現(xiàn)野生型P53缺失能增強(qiáng)腫瘤對(duì)順鉑的耐受,相反,wtP53基因的重建增強(qiáng)了化療敏感性[12]。P53的突變使腫瘤細(xì)胞喪失了G1/S檢測(cè)點(diǎn)的調(diào)控,DNA損傷修復(fù)明顯減少,最終增強(qiáng)了順鉑化療敏感性[13]。因此尋找新的基因治療靶點(diǎn)并進(jìn)行靶向干預(yù),能有效逆轉(zhuǎn)化療藥物的耐受,為卵巢癌的診治和延長(zhǎng)患者生命提供有益的幫助。
Stathmin,是細(xì)胞內(nèi)與細(xì)胞周期調(diào)控相關(guān)的一種重要微管調(diào)節(jié)蛋白,主要通過磷酸化和去磷酸化過程的相互切換調(diào)節(jié)微管系統(tǒng)動(dòng)力平衡來參與多種腫瘤的發(fā)生發(fā)展、侵襲轉(zhuǎn)移及獲得性多藥耐藥等生物學(xué)過程,然而它的具體作用機(jī)制還未研究清楚。Wang F等[4]發(fā)現(xiàn)Stathmin在食管癌中高表達(dá),與腫瘤分化程度,腫瘤浸潤(rùn)深度,淋巴結(jié)轉(zhuǎn)移和TNM分期密切相關(guān)。Xu JP等[14]通過二維電泳技術(shù)發(fā)現(xiàn)Stathmin在阿霉素化療耐受的白血病細(xì)胞中表達(dá)量更高,提出Stathmin 可能與白血病的耐藥密切相關(guān)[14]。Werner HM等[15]研究發(fā)現(xiàn)Stathmin干擾后能明顯增強(qiáng)子宮內(nèi)膜癌對(duì)紫杉酚的敏感性,同時(shí)Stathmin的高表達(dá)的患者接受紫杉酚化療后其生存率更低[15]。本研究發(fā)現(xiàn)Stathmin在順鉑耐藥型卵巢癌細(xì)胞中的表達(dá)高于化療敏感細(xì)胞株,這與Balachandran R等[16]的研究結(jié)果相一致[16],提示Stathmin可能參與了這兩種細(xì)胞不同的表型差異,在卵巢癌的順鉑耐藥中可能起重要作用。
RNA干擾(RNAi)是利用同源性的雙鏈RNA誘導(dǎo)特異性序列的基因靶向沉默,能快速有效抑制基因的表達(dá)及其活性。siRNA是一種具有21~23個(gè)堿基的雙鏈RNA小分子干擾片段,能特異性識(shí)別靶基因的序列,已廣泛用于基礎(chǔ)實(shí)驗(yàn)研究和部分臨床藥物的研發(fā)過程[17-19]。我們利用RNA干擾下調(diào)卵巢癌C13K細(xì)胞中Stathmin的表達(dá),進(jìn)而進(jìn)行相關(guān)體外實(shí)驗(yàn)研究。本研究觀察到沉默卵巢癌細(xì)胞Stathmin的表達(dá)后,細(xì)胞的體外增殖能力明顯抑制,表明Stathmin參與了調(diào)節(jié)卵巢癌細(xì)胞的增殖及分化,促進(jìn)腫瘤細(xì)胞的生長(zhǎng)過程。Stathmin的以上作用可能受PCNA、P53、FOXM1等增殖相關(guān)通路的重要調(diào)控作用。我們發(fā)現(xiàn)抑制Stathmin的表達(dá)能明顯降低C13K細(xì)胞化療藥物順鉑的IC50值,增強(qiáng)其化療的敏感性,提示Stathmin的干擾片段同化療可聯(lián)合應(yīng)用,提高卵巢癌的治療效果。同時(shí),我們也發(fā)現(xiàn)較低劑量的順鉑能使卵巢癌細(xì)胞阻滯在S期,這樣的效果一方面可以使DNA的合成明顯受阻,另一方面使癌細(xì)胞有充足的時(shí)間啟動(dòng)DNA損傷修復(fù)機(jī)制,更容易誘導(dǎo)獲得性耐藥的產(chǎn)生。Shin SY等[20]研究發(fā)現(xiàn)跨越S期增加G2/M期阻滯能有效增加腫瘤細(xì)胞對(duì)順鉑的敏感性。本研究證實(shí)Stathmin的siRNA轉(zhuǎn)染能明顯降低順鉑導(dǎo)致的S期阻滯,增加G2/M期細(xì)胞比例。由此推測(cè),Stathmin可能通過周期調(diào)節(jié)分子相互作用,影響細(xì)胞周期檢測(cè)點(diǎn)功能或DNA損傷修復(fù)機(jī)制,從而影響鉑類耐藥。當(dāng)然其具體作用機(jī)制還需要進(jìn)一步研究。因此,Stathmin不僅影響直接作用于微管的化療藥物如紫杉醇等的耐藥性,而且對(duì)卵巢癌的順鉑耐藥也有一定影響。當(dāng)然,腫瘤的發(fā)生發(fā)展受多個(gè)基因聯(lián)合調(diào)控,單獨(dú)研究某一基因或分子對(duì)于徹底治愈腫瘤遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)不夠,全面研究并繪制宏觀的基因調(diào)控網(wǎng)絡(luò)圖至關(guān)重要。
綜上所述,干擾Stathmin的表達(dá)可顯著抑制卵巢癌細(xì)胞的增殖,同時(shí)通過促使細(xì)胞周期阻滯在G2/M期來增強(qiáng)C13K細(xì)胞對(duì)順鉑的藥物敏感性,提示Stathmin基因可能是治療卵巢癌的有效靶點(diǎn)。
[參考文獻(xiàn)]
[1] 焦今文,趙新衛(wèi),鄧博雅,等. p38MAPK對(duì)卵巢癌順鉑耐藥作用及機(jī)制的探討[J]. 中華腫瘤防治雜志,2012, 19(16):1221-1226.
[2] 劉俊,蔡云朗,任慕蘭,等. PI-103對(duì)人卵巢癌細(xì)胞株 SKOV3/DDP順鉑化療效果的影響[J]. 東南大學(xué)學(xué)報(bào)(醫(yī)學(xué)版),2013,32(5):574-579.
[3] Lu Y,Liu C,Cheng H,et al. Stathmin,interacting with Nf-κB,promotes tumor growth and predicts poor prognosis of pancreatic cancer[J]. Curr Mol Med,2014,14(3):328-339.
[4] Wang F,Xuan XY,Yang X,et al. Stathmin is a marker of progression and poor prognosis in esophageal carcinoma[J].Asian Pac J Cancer Prev,2014,15(8):3613-3618.
[5] Akhtar J,Wang Z,Yu C,et al. Effectiveness of local injection of lentivirus-delivered stathmin shRNA in human gastric cancer xenograft mouse[J]. J Gastroenterol Hepatol,2014,29(9):1685-1691.
[6] Wu Y,Tang M,Wu Y,et al. A combination of paclitaxel and siRNA-mediated silencing of Stathmin inhibits growth and promotes apoptosis of nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells[J].Cell Oncol(Dordr),2014,37(1):53-67.
[7] Miceli C,Tejada A,Castaneda A,et al. Cell cycle inhibition therapy that targets stathmin in in vitro and in vivo models of breast cancer[J]. Cancer Gene Ther,2013,20(5):298-307.
[8] 石英,翁艷潔,周文娟,等. Stathmin在上皮性卵巢癌組織中的表達(dá)及意義[J]. 中國(guó)癌癥雜志,2011,21(8):581-584.
[9] Farrand L,Byun S,Kim JY,et al. Piceatannol enhances cisplatin sensitivity in ovarian cancer via modulation of p53,X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis protein(XIAP),and mitochondrial fission[J]. J Biol Chem,2013,288(33):23740-23750.
[10] Turner JG,Dawson J,Sullivan DM. Nuclear export of proteins and drug resistance in cancer[J]. Biochem Pharmacol,2012,83(8):1021-1032.
[11] Mir R,Tortosa A,Martinez-Soler F,et al. Mdm2 antagonists induce apoptosis and synergize with cisplatin overcoming chemoresistance in TP53 wild-type ovarian cancer cells[J]. Int J Cancer,2013,132(7):1525-1536.
[12] Kigawa J,Sato S,Shimada M,et al. Effect of p53 gene transfer and cisplatin in a peritonitis carcinomatosa model with p53-deficient ovarian cancer cells[J]. Gynecol Oncol,2002,84(2): 210-215.
[13] Roy M,Mukherjee S. Reversal of resistance towards cisplatin by curcumin in cervical cancer cells. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev,2014,15(3):1403-1410.
[14] Xu JP,Hu JD,Lin MH,et al. Up-regulation of Stathmin and CrkL protein expressions in adriamycin-resistant leukemia cell line K562/A02[J]. Zhongguo Shi Yan Xue Ye Xue Za Zhi,2011,19(6):1383-1387.
[15] Werner HM,Trovik J,Halle MK,et al. Stathmin protein level,a potential predictive marker for taxane treatment response in endometrial cancer[J]. PLoS One,2014,9(2):e90141.
[16] Balachandran R,Welsh MJ,Day BW. Altered levels and regulation of stathmin in paclitaxel-resistant ovarian cancer cells[J]. Oncogene,2003,22(55):8924-8930.
[17] Lares MR,Rossi JJ,Ouellet DL. RNAi and small interfering RNAs in human disease therapeutic applications [J]. Trends Biotechnol,2010,28(11):570-579.
[18] 來雷,楊林軍,翟昌林. RNAi干擾HMGB1基因?qū)θ橄侔┘?xì)胞MCF-7增殖的影響[J]. 中國(guó)現(xiàn)代醫(yī)生,2012,50(24):23-25.
[19] 廖琪. CHK1 shRNA-617與卵巢癌Skov3細(xì)胞放療敏感性的研究[J]. 中國(guó)性科學(xué),2013,22(5):32-34.
[20] Shin SY,Jung H,Ahn S,et al. Polyphenols bearing cinnamaldehyde scaffold showing cell growth inhibitory effects on the cisplatin-resistant A2780/Cis ovarian cancer cells[J]. Bioorg Med Chem,2014,22(6):1809-1820.
(收稿日期:2014-07-24)
綜上所述,干擾Stathmin的表達(dá)可顯著抑制卵巢癌細(xì)胞的增殖,同時(shí)通過促使細(xì)胞周期阻滯在G2/M期來增強(qiáng)C13K細(xì)胞對(duì)順鉑的藥物敏感性,提示Stathmin基因可能是治療卵巢癌的有效靶點(diǎn)。
[參考文獻(xiàn)]
[1] 焦今文,趙新衛(wèi),鄧博雅,等. p38MAPK對(duì)卵巢癌順鉑耐藥作用及機(jī)制的探討[J]. 中華腫瘤防治雜志,2012, 19(16):1221-1226.
[2] 劉俊,蔡云朗,任慕蘭,等. PI-103對(duì)人卵巢癌細(xì)胞株 SKOV3/DDP順鉑化療效果的影響[J]. 東南大學(xué)學(xué)報(bào)(醫(yī)學(xué)版),2013,32(5):574-579.
[3] Lu Y,Liu C,Cheng H,et al. Stathmin,interacting with Nf-κB,promotes tumor growth and predicts poor prognosis of pancreatic cancer[J]. Curr Mol Med,2014,14(3):328-339.
[4] Wang F,Xuan XY,Yang X,et al. Stathmin is a marker of progression and poor prognosis in esophageal carcinoma[J].Asian Pac J Cancer Prev,2014,15(8):3613-3618.
[5] Akhtar J,Wang Z,Yu C,et al. Effectiveness of local injection of lentivirus-delivered stathmin shRNA in human gastric cancer xenograft mouse[J]. J Gastroenterol Hepatol,2014,29(9):1685-1691.
[6] Wu Y,Tang M,Wu Y,et al. A combination of paclitaxel and siRNA-mediated silencing of Stathmin inhibits growth and promotes apoptosis of nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells[J].Cell Oncol(Dordr),2014,37(1):53-67.
[7] Miceli C,Tejada A,Castaneda A,et al. Cell cycle inhibition therapy that targets stathmin in in vitro and in vivo models of breast cancer[J]. Cancer Gene Ther,2013,20(5):298-307.
[8] 石英,翁艷潔,周文娟,等. Stathmin在上皮性卵巢癌組織中的表達(dá)及意義[J]. 中國(guó)癌癥雜志,2011,21(8):581-584.
[9] Farrand L,Byun S,Kim JY,et al. Piceatannol enhances cisplatin sensitivity in ovarian cancer via modulation of p53,X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis protein(XIAP),and mitochondrial fission[J]. J Biol Chem,2013,288(33):23740-23750.
[10] Turner JG,Dawson J,Sullivan DM. Nuclear export of proteins and drug resistance in cancer[J]. Biochem Pharmacol,2012,83(8):1021-1032.
[11] Mir R,Tortosa A,Martinez-Soler F,et al. Mdm2 antagonists induce apoptosis and synergize with cisplatin overcoming chemoresistance in TP53 wild-type ovarian cancer cells[J]. Int J Cancer,2013,132(7):1525-1536.
[12] Kigawa J,Sato S,Shimada M,et al. Effect of p53 gene transfer and cisplatin in a peritonitis carcinomatosa model with p53-deficient ovarian cancer cells[J]. Gynecol Oncol,2002,84(2): 210-215.
[13] Roy M,Mukherjee S. Reversal of resistance towards cisplatin by curcumin in cervical cancer cells. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev,2014,15(3):1403-1410.
[14] Xu JP,Hu JD,Lin MH,et al. Up-regulation of Stathmin and CrkL protein expressions in adriamycin-resistant leukemia cell line K562/A02[J]. Zhongguo Shi Yan Xue Ye Xue Za Zhi,2011,19(6):1383-1387.
[15] Werner HM,Trovik J,Halle MK,et al. Stathmin protein level,a potential predictive marker for taxane treatment response in endometrial cancer[J]. PLoS One,2014,9(2):e90141.
[16] Balachandran R,Welsh MJ,Day BW. Altered levels and regulation of stathmin in paclitaxel-resistant ovarian cancer cells[J]. Oncogene,2003,22(55):8924-8930.
[17] Lares MR,Rossi JJ,Ouellet DL. RNAi and small interfering RNAs in human disease therapeutic applications [J]. Trends Biotechnol,2010,28(11):570-579.
[18] 來雷,楊林軍,翟昌林. RNAi干擾HMGB1基因?qū)θ橄侔┘?xì)胞MCF-7增殖的影響[J]. 中國(guó)現(xiàn)代醫(yī)生,2012,50(24):23-25.
[19] 廖琪. CHK1 shRNA-617與卵巢癌Skov3細(xì)胞放療敏感性的研究[J]. 中國(guó)性科學(xué),2013,22(5):32-34.
[20] Shin SY,Jung H,Ahn S,et al. Polyphenols bearing cinnamaldehyde scaffold showing cell growth inhibitory effects on the cisplatin-resistant A2780/Cis ovarian cancer cells[J]. Bioorg Med Chem,2014,22(6):1809-1820.
(收稿日期:2014-07-24)
綜上所述,干擾Stathmin的表達(dá)可顯著抑制卵巢癌細(xì)胞的增殖,同時(shí)通過促使細(xì)胞周期阻滯在G2/M期來增強(qiáng)C13K細(xì)胞對(duì)順鉑的藥物敏感性,提示Stathmin基因可能是治療卵巢癌的有效靶點(diǎn)。
[參考文獻(xiàn)]
[1] 焦今文,趙新衛(wèi),鄧博雅,等. p38MAPK對(duì)卵巢癌順鉑耐藥作用及機(jī)制的探討[J]. 中華腫瘤防治雜志,2012, 19(16):1221-1226.
[2] 劉俊,蔡云朗,任慕蘭,等. PI-103對(duì)人卵巢癌細(xì)胞株 SKOV3/DDP順鉑化療效果的影響[J]. 東南大學(xué)學(xué)報(bào)(醫(yī)學(xué)版),2013,32(5):574-579.
[3] Lu Y,Liu C,Cheng H,et al. Stathmin,interacting with Nf-κB,promotes tumor growth and predicts poor prognosis of pancreatic cancer[J]. Curr Mol Med,2014,14(3):328-339.
[4] Wang F,Xuan XY,Yang X,et al. Stathmin is a marker of progression and poor prognosis in esophageal carcinoma[J].Asian Pac J Cancer Prev,2014,15(8):3613-3618.
[5] Akhtar J,Wang Z,Yu C,et al. Effectiveness of local injection of lentivirus-delivered stathmin shRNA in human gastric cancer xenograft mouse[J]. J Gastroenterol Hepatol,2014,29(9):1685-1691.
[6] Wu Y,Tang M,Wu Y,et al. A combination of paclitaxel and siRNA-mediated silencing of Stathmin inhibits growth and promotes apoptosis of nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells[J].Cell Oncol(Dordr),2014,37(1):53-67.
[7] Miceli C,Tejada A,Castaneda A,et al. Cell cycle inhibition therapy that targets stathmin in in vitro and in vivo models of breast cancer[J]. Cancer Gene Ther,2013,20(5):298-307.
[8] 石英,翁艷潔,周文娟,等. Stathmin在上皮性卵巢癌組織中的表達(dá)及意義[J]. 中國(guó)癌癥雜志,2011,21(8):581-584.
[9] Farrand L,Byun S,Kim JY,et al. Piceatannol enhances cisplatin sensitivity in ovarian cancer via modulation of p53,X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis protein(XIAP),and mitochondrial fission[J]. J Biol Chem,2013,288(33):23740-23750.
[10] Turner JG,Dawson J,Sullivan DM. Nuclear export of proteins and drug resistance in cancer[J]. Biochem Pharmacol,2012,83(8):1021-1032.
[11] Mir R,Tortosa A,Martinez-Soler F,et al. Mdm2 antagonists induce apoptosis and synergize with cisplatin overcoming chemoresistance in TP53 wild-type ovarian cancer cells[J]. Int J Cancer,2013,132(7):1525-1536.
[12] Kigawa J,Sato S,Shimada M,et al. Effect of p53 gene transfer and cisplatin in a peritonitis carcinomatosa model with p53-deficient ovarian cancer cells[J]. Gynecol Oncol,2002,84(2): 210-215.
[13] Roy M,Mukherjee S. Reversal of resistance towards cisplatin by curcumin in cervical cancer cells. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev,2014,15(3):1403-1410.
[14] Xu JP,Hu JD,Lin MH,et al. Up-regulation of Stathmin and CrkL protein expressions in adriamycin-resistant leukemia cell line K562/A02[J]. Zhongguo Shi Yan Xue Ye Xue Za Zhi,2011,19(6):1383-1387.
[15] Werner HM,Trovik J,Halle MK,et al. Stathmin protein level,a potential predictive marker for taxane treatment response in endometrial cancer[J]. PLoS One,2014,9(2):e90141.
[16] Balachandran R,Welsh MJ,Day BW. Altered levels and regulation of stathmin in paclitaxel-resistant ovarian cancer cells[J]. Oncogene,2003,22(55):8924-8930.
[17] Lares MR,Rossi JJ,Ouellet DL. RNAi and small interfering RNAs in human disease therapeutic applications [J]. Trends Biotechnol,2010,28(11):570-579.
[18] 來雷,楊林軍,翟昌林. RNAi干擾HMGB1基因?qū)θ橄侔┘?xì)胞MCF-7增殖的影響[J]. 中國(guó)現(xiàn)代醫(yī)生,2012,50(24):23-25.
[19] 廖琪. CHK1 shRNA-617與卵巢癌Skov3細(xì)胞放療敏感性的研究[J]. 中國(guó)性科學(xué),2013,22(5):32-34.
[20] Shin SY,Jung H,Ahn S,et al. Polyphenols bearing cinnamaldehyde scaffold showing cell growth inhibitory effects on the cisplatin-resistant A2780/Cis ovarian cancer cells[J]. Bioorg Med Chem,2014,22(6):1809-1820.
(收稿日期:2014-07-24)