李 敏

急性期腦出血患者實(shí)施程序化護(hù)理的臨床效果

李 敏

【摘要】目的 探討急性期腦出血患者實(shí)施程序化護(hù)理的臨床效果。方法 選取2014年1—12月遼寧省錦州市中醫(yī)醫(yī)院收治的急性期腦出血患者60例為研究對(duì)象，采用雙盲法將其分為觀察組和對(duì)照組，各30例。對(duì)照組患者給予常規(guī)護(hù)理，觀察組患者在對(duì)照組基礎(chǔ)上實(shí)施程序化護(hù)理，比較兩組患者的臨床療效、并發(fā)癥發(fā)生情況，以及患者對(duì)護(hù)理工作的滿意度。結(jié)果 觀察組患者的總有效率明顯高于對(duì)照組，差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義（P＜0.05）；觀察組患者的并發(fā)癥發(fā)生率明顯低于對(duì)照組，差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義（P＜0.05）；觀察組患者的護(hù)理滿意度明顯高于對(duì)照組，差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義（P＜0.05）。結(jié)論 對(duì)急性期腦出血患者實(shí)施程序化護(hù)理臨床效果明顯，可提高患者的護(hù)理滿意度，降低并發(fā)癥發(fā)生率，對(duì)其病情恢復(fù)和生命質(zhì)量的提高有重要意義。

【關(guān)鍵詞】程序化護(hù)理；急性期；腦出血

【中圖分類號(hào)】R473.74

【文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)志碼】A

【文章編號(hào)】1673-5846(2015)10-0130-02

【Abstract】Objective To explore the clinical effect of the treatment of patients with acute cerebral hemorrhage in the process of nursing intervention.Methods From January 2014 to December 2014,60 patients with acute cerebral hemorrhage were divided into observation group and control group,30 cases in each group,cases were treated with double blind method.The control group received conventional nursing,the observation group were treated with the intervention of the procedure on the basis of the control group,compared the clinical efficacy of the two groups,the incidence of complications, satisfaction with nursing work.Results The total effective rate of the observation group was significantly higher than that of the control group(P＜0.05);the incidence of complications in the observation group was significantly lower than that in the control group(P＜0.05);the nursing satisfaction in the observation group was significantly higher than that in the control group(P＜0.05).Conclusion The clinical effect of procedural nursing intervention for patients with acute cerebral hemorrhage can improve nursing satisfaction,reduce the incidence of complications,and has important significance to improve the recovery of patients and improve the quality of life.

Clinical Effect of Nursing Intervention in Patients with Acute Cerebral Hemorrhage

Li Min

【Key words】Procedural nursing intervention;Acute phase;Cerebral hemorrhage

遼寧省錦州市中醫(yī)醫(yī)院，遼寧錦州 121001

腦出血為臨床常見的神經(jīng)內(nèi)科疾病，主要癥狀為暈厥、昏迷等，發(fā)病急、病情發(fā)展迅速，且致殘率、病死率高，若診治與護(hù)理不及時(shí)，易發(fā)生消化道出血、褥瘡以及感染等并發(fā)癥，同時(shí)伴有不同程度的失語、肢體運(yùn)動(dòng)障礙等，嚴(yán)重危害患者的身體健康[1]。本研究就急性期腦出血患者實(shí)施程序化護(hù)理的臨床效果進(jìn)行探討，現(xiàn)報(bào)道如下。

1　資料與方法

1.1 一般資料 選取2014年1—12月我院收治的急性期腦出血患者60例為研究對(duì)象，采用雙盲法將其分為觀察組和對(duì)照組，各30例。觀察組患者中，男18例，女12例，年齡36～70歲，平均（49± 5）歲；對(duì)照組患者中，男17例，女13例，年齡37～71歲，平均（50±4）歲。兩組患者性別、年齡比較，差異無統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義（P＞0.05），具有可比性。

1.2 護(hù)理方法 對(duì)照組患者給予常規(guī)護(hù)理，觀察組患者在對(duì)照組基礎(chǔ)上實(shí)施程序化護(hù)理。護(hù)理成員由護(hù)士長(zhǎng)、責(zé)任組長(zhǎng)、責(zé)任護(hù)士組成，經(jīng)培訓(xùn)合格后上崗。首先，評(píng)估患者的病情，了解其性別、年齡、發(fā)病時(shí)間、昏迷程度、用藥情況等，根據(jù)患者病情，結(jié)合資料進(jìn)行初步評(píng)估。其次，查閱相關(guān)文獻(xiàn)，結(jié)合成員自身臨床經(jīng)驗(yàn)，針對(duì)急性期腦出血患者需解決的問題，制訂合理的護(hù)理計(jì)劃，以保證護(hù)理計(jì)劃與患者病情、醫(yī)囑相一致。最后，實(shí)施護(hù)理措施，包括接診護(hù)理、心理護(hù)理、飲食護(hù)理、藥物護(hù)理、康復(fù)護(hù)理等，接診護(hù)理主要是針對(duì)患者的臨床癥狀，給予其吸氧、氣管插管、留置導(dǎo)尿、切除手術(shù)等護(hù)理；圍術(shù)期針對(duì)不同患者所表現(xiàn)的心理狀態(tài)，分析其心理問題，給予針對(duì)性心理疏導(dǎo)，排除其負(fù)面情緒，增強(qiáng)患者戰(zhàn)勝疾病的信心。

1.3 療效判定標(biāo)準(zhǔn) 治愈：神經(jīng)功能基本恢復(fù)，接近于正常水平，病殘程度0級(jí)；顯效：神經(jīng)功能恢復(fù)程度≥50%，病殘程度1～3級(jí)；有效：神經(jīng)功能有所好轉(zhuǎn)，但＜50%；無效：臨床癥狀無變化甚至