Chonghui RAN,Cuilan LI,Dongming PU,Fuzhong ZHOU*

1.Lichuan Bureau of Agriculture,Lichuan 445400,China;

2.Zhonglu Town Agricultural Service Center,Lichuan 445400,China

Application of Secondary Nutrient Fertilizer Produced by Leili Group in Rice in Lichuan City

Chonghui RAN1,Cuilan LI1,Dongming PU2,Fuzhong ZHOU1*

1.Lichuan Bureau of Agriculture,Lichuan 445400,China;

2.Zhonglu Town Agricultural Service Center,Lichuan 445400,China

On basis of tests in regions with different elevations,rice sprayed with secondary nutrient fertilizers(×1 000)produced by Beijing Leili Group would significantly increase yield and incomes,which can be widely applied in Lichuan City or similar areas.With the fertilizer applied,rice yield can be improved by 292.5-505.5 kg/hm2,with increase of 6.63%-10.92%;farmer’s incomes can be enhanced by 877.5-1 516.5 yuan/hm2,with net income growth of 783-1 422 yuan;output-to-input rate kept in 8.29-15.05.The increased rice yield is mainly contributed by the increases of setting percentage and thousand-seed weight,of which the former's role is more significant.Hence,the fertilizer can be widely applied in Lichuan and similar regions.

Beijing Leili;Secondary nutrient fertilizer;Rice;Application effects

L ichuan City is one of large cropproducing cities in Hubei Province,with a fixed growing area of rice of 22 000 hm2,and the elevations of the growing regions keep in the range of 600 to 1 300 m.It is notable that 1 300 m is a critical elevation of growing rice,and the research of the effects of secondary nutrient fertilizer in rice by Leili Group has provided scientific references for extension of the product in large areas in experimental regions or similar regions.The fertilizer contains both silicon and potassium,which is favored by rice. Therefore,the yield can be enhanced dramatically by applying the fertilizer, increasing farmers’incomes.In the research,a field test was conducted to explore the effects of secondary nutrient fertilizers,produced by Beijing Leili Group,on rice yield,providing references for large-scale extension.

Materials and Methods

Test materials

Secondary nutrient fertilizers were in the form of liquid([2013]No.6851), containing Si≥130 g/L,K2O≥140 g/L, pH 10.0-12.0,insoluble matter≤10 g/L,with unit price at 70 yuan/L.According to introduction,Si contained of the fertilizers is full water-soluble, characterized by high concentration, full water-solubility,and good effects.

Test sites

In order to fully explore the effects in different rice regions,two test sites were chosen with varied elevations,including Jiang’s farmlands in low mountains with an elevation below 800 m,at 108°43′49.69″E and 30°00′36.08″N,and in Mou’s farmlands in Shuangjing Village,Lichuan City in mountains with elevations of 800-1 200 m,at 108°52′35.12″E and 30°17′15.96″N.

Test crops

Rice species in the research include Yixiangyou No.107,grown in Zhonglu Town and Mianwuyou No. 142,grown in Liangwu Village.

Test soils

The experimental fields in Zhonglu Town were dominated by purple soils developed based on purple shale parent materials and fields in Liangwu Village were Magan soils de-veloped based on parent materials of quaternary clays,with moderate soil fertility.Before test,soil layers were sampled and mixed to explore total N, available P,available K,organic matter and pH(Table 1).

Test methods

The two tests both designed with three treatments and 4 repetitions,as per randomized block arrangement, with an area of 20 m2(4 m×5 m). Specifically,the treatment 1 included moderate nutrient fertilizers in the form of liquid as per local fertilization method,treatment 2 included equivalent water as per local fertilization method,and treatment 3 conducted as per local fertilization method.It is notable that moderate nutrient fertilizers should be diluted with water to the one (×1000)and sprayed once in jointing stage,young seedling stage and grainfilling stage.The quantity of water was measured as per the front and back sides of a leaf.Furthermore,treatment 2 proceeded with treatment 1 simultaneously.

Field management

According to local farming characters,in the two test sites,seeds were sown in late April and transplanted in middle May;base fertilizers were applied before transplanting.Ten days after transplanting,seedling-improvement fertilizers and herbicides were applied and disease or insect damages should be controlled.When rice grew mature,harvesting should be conducted timely.Additionally,test fertilizers were sprayed as per design. Specifically,fertilizers in Zhonglu Town were sprayed on June 25,July 25 and August 10 and in Liangwu Village sprayed on July 15,July 25 and August 5.In treatment 1,secondary nutrient fertilizers(×15 000)were applied at 30 L/hm2;water was sprayed in treatment 2 at 450 L/hm2;none was applied in treatment 3.

Results and Analysis

Effects of different treatments on biological characters of rice

Rice characters were observed in three treatments in full-heading and maturing stages.It can be concluded that the rice plants applied with secondary nutrient fertilizers grew more exuberantly and performed better in heading and color fixation compared with treatments 2 and 3.Before harvesting,plant height,ear length,productive ear,the total number of seed, grain number per ear,setting percentage and thousand-seed weight were all explored(Table 2-Table 3).

The results showed that grain numbers per ear,thousand-seed weight,and setting percentage in treatment 1 were all higher compared with rest treatments,and little differences were shown between treatments 2 and 3;productive ear,plant height,ear length and total number of seed in three treatments changed insignificantly[1-3].Considering from theoretical yield,yield in treatment 1 increased by 7.39%-8.12%compared with treatments 2 and 3,contributed by the increases of grain numbers per ear and thousand-seed weight,of whichthe former proved higher.These indicated that secondary nutrient fertilizer would considerably improve rice setting percentage and promote rice fullness to certain degrees,improving rice yield.

Table 1Results of soil sample testing in the fields

Table 2Rice economic characters in different treatments in Zhonglu Town

Table 3Rice economic characters in different treatments in Zhonglu Town

Table 4Comparisons of rice yields kg

Table 5Variance analysis results

Effects of different treatments on rice yield and output value

Because of later transplanting and autumn winds in August,rice plants were damaged,such as fewer productive ears,lower setting percentage, yield reduction by 60%(Table 3).As shown in Table 4,yields in the treatments with clean water and as per local fertilization maintained similar,and the yield of the treatment with secondary nutrient fertilizers grew by292.5-505.5 kg/hm2.

Given unit price of rice at 3 yuna/kg,three applications of secondary nutrient fertilizer can be converted to 94.5 yuan/hm2(3 times×450 ml=1 350 ml),and secondary nutrient fertilizer would improve incomes by 13 162.5-22 747.5 yuan,with net increased incomes of 17 745-21 330 yuan/hm2, compared with the treatments with clean water and as per local fertilization.It can be concluded that outputto-input rate was in the range of 8.29-15.05.

In accordance with analysis of variance of yield,the treatments showed significant and even extremely significant differences,but insignificant differences were shown among repetitions(Table 5).As per new multiple range test,the treatment with secondary nutrient fertilizer was of significant and extremely significant differences with treatments 2 and 3,but treatments 2 and 3 showed little differences(Table 4).

Conclusions and Discussions

On basis of tests in regions with different elevations,rice sprayed with secondary nutrient fertilizers(×1 000) produced by Beijing Leili Group would significantly increase yield and incomes,which can be widely applied in Lichuan City or similar areas.With the fertilizer applied,rice yield can be improved by 292.5-505.5 kg/hm2,with increase of 6.63%-10.92%;farmer’s incomes can be enhanced by 877.5-1 516.5 yuan/hm2,with net income growth of 783-1 422 yuan;output-toinput rate kept in 8.29-15.05.

The increase of rice yield is mainly contributed by the improved setting percentage[1,5-7]and the increased grain number per ear,applied by secondary nutrient fertilizer which also advanced the full growth of seeds and thousand-seed weight.

Nevertheless,the research is just conducted on basis of two sites,which can not represent the application effects in other areas or other crops. Therefore,it is recommended to carry out more tests to provide ample references for wide application of secondary nutrient fertilizers produced by Leili Group on rice and other crops.

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Responsible editor:Xiaoxue WANG

Responsible proofreader:Xiaoyan WU

雷力中量元素肥料在利川水稻上的應(yīng)用效果研究

冉崇輝1，李翠蘭1，蒲東明2，周富忠1*
（1.湖北省利川市農(nóng)業(yè)局，湖北利川445400；2.湖北省利川市忠路農(nóng)業(yè)服務(wù)中心，湖北利川445400）

在湖北利川市兩個不同海拔高度的點(diǎn)上試驗(yàn)北京雷力海洋生物新產(chǎn)業(yè)股份有限公司生產(chǎn)的中量元素肥料（水劑）在水稻上的應(yīng)用效果，增產(chǎn)增收顯著，增幅6.63%～10.92%，可增產(chǎn)稻谷292.5～505.5 kg/hm2、增收877.5～1 516.5元、凈增收783～1 422元；增加的產(chǎn)出投入比在8.29～15.05之間，水稻增產(chǎn)主要來源于結(jié)實(shí)率和千粒重提高，且前者作用明顯大于后者，該肥可以在利川及相似區(qū)域大面積推廣。

北京雷力；中量元素肥料；水稻；應(yīng)用效果

冉崇輝（1969-），男，湖北利川人，農(nóng)藝師，長期從事試驗(yàn)示范農(nóng)業(yè)技術(shù)推廣及種子管理。*通訊作者，周富忠（1969-），男，高級農(nóng)藝師，長期從事土肥水質(zhì)量監(jiān)測及技術(shù)推廣工作，E-mail：372816894@qq.com。

2015-04-03

修回日期 2015-05-15

Supported by Soil Testing and Formulated Fertilization Subsidy Fund Project.

*Corresponding author.E-mail:372816894@qq.com

Received:April 3,2015 Accepted:May 15,2015