攝影：Pedro Pegenaute

新加坡重疊房

攝影：Pedro Pegenaute

The Overlapping Land/House -Cluny House

總部位于中國上海的如恩設(shè)計研究室在新加坡的第一個建筑項目日前竣工。為了向這一私人住宅項目業(yè)主的中國情結(jié)致敬，如恩設(shè)計研究室的建筑方案從中國北方地區(qū)極具地方特色的四合院汲取靈感。從本質(zhì)上可以認為四合院空間化了中國的家庭生活理念。它體現(xiàn)了外圍與核心的關(guān)系，強調(diào)了中心區(qū)域是家庭聚集的空間。它表達了“私有”與“共有”的復(fù)雜關(guān)系，通過對空間多層次的劃分將公共與私密區(qū)隔開來。這是將中國同而又和的家庭結(jié)構(gòu)，擁有等級秩序的幾代人共生共處等方面展現(xiàn)其中。鑒于以上種種因素，為了滿足這個三代同堂共四個家庭共同居住的要求并使居所適應(yīng)于熱帶氣候，如恩設(shè)計研究室重新詮釋了這一傳統(tǒng)象征。

如恩并沒有簡單采用四合院的傳統(tǒng)形態(tài)，而將其從固有“回”字型演化為兩個優(yōu)雅的L形體塊，將內(nèi)部的庭院延伸至外圍的自然環(huán)境中去。室外與室內(nèi)的連貫性，典型的熱帶居住特征，都在這里得以體現(xiàn)。將私密居住空間從地面提升至二層，底層地表面從室內(nèi)延伸至室外形成了建筑的基座。一樓整層的透明玻璃外墻在使整個景觀穿透入室內(nèi)的同時，居住的空間也開始向花園和泳池延伸，從感受上“占據(jù)”了室外。沿著環(huán)繞整棟建筑的蜿蜒的小徑可以一覽整個地塊，同時水景將整座建筑與周圍的景觀也密不可分地融合在一起。其效果是，伸展開的每一寸土地都被帶入進來，整個區(qū)域都是“家”。

外立面上多層次材料的重疊運用是增強概念連續(xù)性的關(guān)鍵，從被玻璃和鋪滿平坦VALS石英巖的公共區(qū)域到上層包圍著木百葉的私密空間。染黑柚木的百葉窗遮住了位于二層的十三間臥室，然而每間臥室的主人都可以根據(jù)天氣或心情自行調(diào)節(jié)百葉窗的開啟角度從而調(diào)節(jié)他們與外界的聯(lián)系。在臥室另一面的走廊上是白色橡木制成的穿孔屏風(fēng)，可以折疊也可以收起，讓整個建筑有完全通透的可能性。雙層挑空的空間呈現(xiàn)出不同材料所產(chǎn)生的層次感，同時也促進了個人與公共空間的相互交流。室內(nèi)與室外，庭院和房子，私人空間與公共空間的界限被模糊了，如恩設(shè)計的這棟2,888平方米的房子通過一系列復(fù)雜的空間體驗解讀了住所、家庭和家庭生活之間的綜合形態(tài)。

地下一層平面

一層平面

二層平面

構(gòu)成分析

For a private residence in Singapore, Shanghai-based architecture firm Neri&Hu Design and Research Office pays homage to the client’s Chinese roots by taking cues from the Siheyuan courtyard house, a vernacular typology found in the northern regions of China. In essence, the courtyard house can be thought of as a spatialization of Chinese notions of domesticity. It expresses the relationship between periphery and core, celebrating the inner zone as a space for the family to gather. It speaks to the complex relationships between the “self” and the “communal,” layering public and private in a spatial procession. It is an embodiment of hierarchical order inherent in multi-generational living, unique to the traditional Chinese family structure. While respecting these ideologies, Neri&Hu offer a fresh reinterpretation of this traditional typology in order to contextualize the project, situated in a tropical climate and needing to accommodate four families across three generations.

Rather than simply adopt the rudimentary formation of a courtyard house, Neri&Hu have evolved it from a blockish mass into two elegant “L” shaped volumes which begin to open up the inner courtyard to the lush nature that surrounds. Continuity between exterior and interior, a typical feature of tropical living, is taken literally here. Lifting the private living quarters off the ground, the ground surface across the site is expressed as a monolithic base which flows seamlessly from inside to outside. The transparent glazing of the first floor allows the landscape to penetrate into the interior while living spaces begin to spill out into gardens and pools and in essence “occupy” and “claim”the outside. A meandering strolling path encircling the site produces uninhibited views across the property, while water features stitch the building inextricably into the surrounding landscape. In effect, the entire stretch of land is here occupied; the whole site becomes “home.”

The layering and overlapping of materiality in the house is a key strategy in reinforcing the notion of continuity, from the uninterrupted vals quartzite ground plane with glass enclosed public areas to the wood-clad private spaces above. The ebonized teak louvers enveloping the bedrooms on the second level are all operable to allow individual inhabitants of each of the thirteen bedrooms to adjust the degree of their connection to the outside, both climatically and visually. On the corridor side of the bedrooms, additional perforatedwood screens in white oak can fold and be tucked away, allowing full openness across the depth of the building. Doubleheight spaces begin to reveal the strata of the materially distinct layers, while at the same time encouraging interaction between personal and communal realms. Blurring the boundaries of inside/outside, land/ house, private/public, Neri&Hu’s design for this 2,888 square meter house is a series of complex spatial conditions which respond to the intricate nature of inhabitation, tradition, family, and domesticity.

立面圖

剖面圖