1. minority n. 少數(shù)民族,少數(shù)群體;少數(shù),少數(shù)派,少
數(shù)人
The school is 95 per cent minority.
這所學(xué)校里95%的學(xué)生來自少數(shù)族裔。
For a minority, the decision was a disappointment.
這個決定令少數(shù)人失望。
辨析:
比較minority和majority
兩者互為反義詞,minority意思是“少數(shù)人;少數(shù)民族”,而majority意思是“大多數(shù),大部分”。
On the last point, he realized, he was a minority of one.
在上一點上,他意識到自己是孤掌難鳴的少數(shù)派。
The majority of people interviewed prefer TV to radio.
大多數(shù)接受采訪的人都喜歡看電視而不喜歡聽收音機。
2. native adj. 出生地的,兒時居住地的;土生土長的,本
地的,當(dāng)?shù)氐?/p>
n. 出生于某國(或某地)的人;本地人,當(dāng)?shù)厝?/p>
It is a long time since he has visited his native Poland.
他很久沒回過他的家鄉(xiāng)波蘭了。
As a native Australian, do you have any suggestions or recommen-dations for our youth?
你在澳大利亞土生土長,對我國年輕人有何建議或勸告?
After all, Carlo is a native of Nevada, and he knows his way around.
畢竟卡羅是土生土長的內(nèi)華達州人。他在那一帶路熟。
You can always tell the difference between the tourists and the natives.
游客與當(dāng)?shù)厝酥g的區(qū)別一望即知。
3. run v. 控制,管理,經(jīng)營;跑,奔跑;(使)運轉(zhuǎn),
運行;操作
Stop trying to run my life for me.
別老想操縱我的生活。
He has no idea how to run a business.
他絲毫不懂企業(yè)管理。
Our van runs on diesel.
我們的貨車用的是柴油。
Could you run the engine for a moment?
你來操作一會兒發(fā)動機好嗎?
(1) run across sb/sth 偶然遇見/看到(某人/某物)
(2) run after 追求;追逐,追趕
(3) run away (from sb/sth) 突然離開,逃離
(4) run out 用完,耗盡;過期,失效
4. custom n. 風(fēng)俗,習(xí)慣,傳統(tǒng),習(xí)俗;個人習(xí)慣,習(xí)
性,慣常行為
It is the custom in that country for women to marry young.
女子早婚是那個國家的風(fēng)俗。
As was his custom, he knocked three times.
他敲了三下,這是他的習(xí)慣。
辨析:
比較custom,habit和tradition
三者都有“習(xí)慣”的意思,其中custom指一個國家、民族、社會的行為方式或風(fēng)俗習(xí)慣;habit則側(cè)重于自然養(yǎng)成的、不易改掉的個人習(xí)慣;而tradition側(cè)重世代相傳的理論、行為規(guī)范和生活方式。
Social customs are greatly different from country to country.
國與國之間的社會風(fēng)俗大不相同。
You need to change your eating habits.
你得改變你的飲食習(xí)慣。
They broke with tradition and got married quietly.
他們打破傳統(tǒng),毫不聲張地結(jié)了婚。
customer n. 顧客,主顧,客戶
customs n.(政府部門)海關(guān);關(guān)稅,進口稅
5. foolish adj. 愚蠢的,傻的;出丑;顯得尷尬
How could she have been so foolish as to fall in love with him?
她怎么這么傻,竟愛上了他?
He’s afraid of looking foolish in front of his friends.
他怕在朋友前面出丑。
fool n. 蠢人,傻瓜
v. 欺騙,娛樂;說蠢話,干傻事
foolishly adv. 愚蠢地,傻地
foolishness n. 愚蠢
6. firm adj. 牢固的,穩(wěn)固的;堅固的,堅硬的,結(jié)實的;
堅定的,確定的,堅決的;嚴(yán)格的
adv. 堅信,堅持
v. 使強壯,使堅固,使堅實
n. 商行,商號,公司
Stand the fish tank on a firm base.
把魚缸放在牢固的基座上。
These peaches are still firm.
這些桃子還很硬。
We have no firm evidence to support the case.
我們沒有確鑿的證據(jù)支持這個案件。
She held firm to her principles.
她堅持自己的原則。
This product claims to firm your body in six weeks.
這個產(chǎn)品據(jù)稱能在六周內(nèi)使你身體強壯。
They demanded the divorce of the subsidiary from the parent firm.
他們要求子公司與母公司分離。
7. fasten v.(使兩部分)系牢,縛緊,扎牢,結(jié)牢,扣緊;
(使)關(guān)緊,蓋好
(1) fasten (sth) (up) 把……系牢/扣緊
Fasten your seatbelts, please.
請系好安全帶。
He fastened up his coat and hurried out.
他扣好大衣就匆匆出去了。
(2) fasten A to B 把A和B系在一起
There were no instructions on how to fasten the carrying strap to the box.
沒有如何把背帶系在箱子上的說明。
(1) fasten one’s attention on sth 集中注意力于某事上
(2) fasten one’s eyes on sb/sth 注視著(盯著)某人/某物
8. fold v. 折疊,對折(紙、織物等);折小,疊平;包,裹
n. 褶,褶層,褶疊部分;褶痕,褶縫
搭配:
fold sth up (back/down/over...) 把……折疊/對折起來
He folded the map up and put it in his pocket.
他把地圖折疊起來,然后放進了口袋。
The blankets had been folded down.
毛毯已折疊起來。
(1) fold sb in one’s arms 擁抱/摟住某人
(2) fold one’s arms 雙臂交叉在胸前
(3) fold one’s hands 十指交叉合攏交疊
9. adjust v. 適應(yīng),使適應(yīng),習(xí)慣;調(diào)整,調(diào)節(jié)
搭配:
(1) adjust to sth/doing sth 適應(yīng)某事/做某事
It took her a while to adjust to living alone after the divorce.
她離婚以后,過了一段時間才適應(yīng)了單身生活。
(2) adjust oneself to sth 使自己適應(yīng)某事
You’ll quickly adjust yourself to student life.
你將很快適應(yīng)學(xué)生生活。
(3) adjust sth (to sth) 調(diào)整;調(diào)節(jié)
Adjust your language to the age of your audience.
要根據(jù)聽眾的年齡使用相應(yīng)的語言。
adjustment n. 調(diào)整,調(diào)節(jié);(思想等)調(diào)整,適應(yīng)
adjustable adj. 可調(diào)整的,可調(diào)節(jié)的
10. in use 在使用
From 1900, electric discharge lamps were in use in Europe and the USA.
從1900年以來,歐洲和美國都在使用實用的放電燈。
The conference room is already in use.
會議室已在使用中。
use n. 用,使用,得到利用;用途,功能,用法
(1) be of use 有用的
(2) make use of sth 利用某物
(3) put sth to use 把……投入使用
(4) be no use doing sth 做……沒有用
(5) out of use 不再被使用
use v. 使用,利用,運用
(1) be/get used to sth/doing sth 習(xí)慣了某事/做某事
(2) be used to do sth 被用來做某事
(3) used to be 過去的樣子或狀態(tài)
(4) used to do sth 過去常常做某事
11. in the distance 在遠處
The noise of the car died away in the distance.
汽車的聲音消失在遠方。
Sadly they saw the shores of England disappear in the distance.
他們黯然看著英國的海岸在遠處消失。
(1) at a distance 稍遠一點;離一段距離
(2) at a distance of 以……距離
12. set off 出發(fā),動身,啟程
set off = set out,都意為“出發(fā),動身,啟程”。
We set off for London just after ten.
剛過十點,我們就動身去倫敦了。
He bade his wife farewell and set out on his journey.
他辭別了妻子便啟程了。
(1) set about sth/doing sth 開始做/著手做某事
(2) set aside 留出,撥出;不顧,不理會
(3) set down 記下,寫下,登記
(4) set up 豎立,建造;建立,創(chuàng)立