1. relation n. 親屬，親戚；(relations)[pl.]（人、團(tuán)體、國

家之間的）關(guān)系，聯(lián)系；（事物之間的）關(guān)

系，聯(lián)系

This party is held for friends and relations.

這個(gè)聚會(huì)是為親戚朋友舉辦的。

We seek to improve relations between our two countries.

我們尋求改進(jìn)我們兩國間的關(guān)系。

He wants to understand the relation between rainfall and crop yields.

他想了解降雨量和農(nóng)作物產(chǎn)量之間的關(guān)系。

in relation to 關(guān)于，涉及；和……聯(lián)系起來看

I have some comments to make in relation to this matter.

關(guān)于這件事，我有幾點(diǎn)看法。

Its brain is very small in relation to its body.

和它的身體相比，它的腦袋很小。

relate v. 講述，敘述；把……聯(lián)系起來

relative n. 親屬，親戚

adj. 相比較而言的；相對(duì)的，相關(guān)聯(lián)的

related adj. 相關(guān)的，有聯(lián)系的

2. list v.（按某次序）把……列表，列清單；列舉

n. 列表，清單，目錄

I was asked to list my ten favorite songs.

我被要求列出自己最喜愛的十首歌曲。

Pangolin is listed among China’s endangered animals.

穿山甲被列入中國瀕臨絕種的動(dòng)物之一。

Having to wait hours came high on the list of complains.

在投訴列表上，最多的是等候時(shí)間長。

You should make a list of things you want to do next.

你應(yīng)該把接下來想做的事情列成清單。

on the list 在表上

Sir， is your name on the list?

先生，表上有你的名字嗎？

3. precious adj. 寶貴的；珍貴的；貴重的；珍愛的

He poured a few drops of the precious liquid into the glass.

他往杯子里倒了幾滴這種珍貴的液體。

That new toy is my most precious possession.

那個(gè)新玩具是我最珍愛的財(cái)產(chǎn)。

4. length n. 長度；長

My room is twice the length of the kitchen.

我的房間的長度是廚房的兩倍。

We discussed shortening the length of the course.

我們就縮短這門課程的時(shí)限進(jìn)行了討論。

in length 在長度方面

Each class is 45 minutes in length.

每一節(jié)課時(shí)長為45分鐘。

lengthen v.（使）變長

5. request n. 請(qǐng)求，要求

v. 請(qǐng)求，要求

My request was granted.

我的要求得到了滿足。

Your presence is requested at the meeting.

請(qǐng)你務(wù)必出席會(huì)議。

搭配：

(1) a request for 請(qǐng)求/要求……

They made a request for further aid.

他們請(qǐng)求進(jìn)一步的援助。

(2) request sb to do sth 請(qǐng)求/要求某人做某事

I requested him to bring his English teacher to see me.

我請(qǐng)求他帶他的英文老師來見我。

(3) request that... (should)... 請(qǐng)求/要求……

All teaching staff requested that the head teacher (should) reconsider his decision.

全體教學(xué)人員請(qǐng)求校長重新考慮他的決定。

(4) be requested to... 被要求/被請(qǐng)求……

You are requested not to smoke in the restaurant.

請(qǐng)不要在餐館里吸煙。

(1) at the request of... 根據(jù)……的請(qǐng)求/要求

The name of the murder victim wasn’t published in the newspapers， at the request of the judge.

依照法官的要求，被謀害者的姓名沒有在報(bào)上公布出來。

(2) by request 按照請(qǐng)求/要求

The writer’s name was withheld by request.

按照要求，作者姓名不予公布。

6. mercy n. 仁慈，寬??；幸運(yùn)，恩惠

The soldiers showed no mercy to their hostages.

這些士兵對(duì)人質(zhì)絲毫不仁慈。

It’s a mercy that the car accident happened so close to the hospital.

幸虧車禍發(fā)生在離醫(yī)院很近的地方。

without mercy 無情地

He was treated without mercy.

他被無情地對(duì)待。

7. honour v. 尊敬，尊重；使感到榮幸；給予榮譽(yù)

n. 尊敬，尊重；榮幸；榮譽(yù)

Children should honour their father and mother.

孩子應(yīng)該尊敬他們的父母。

We’re deeply honoured that you should agree to join us.

你同意加入我們，我們深感榮幸。

He has been honoured with the Nobel Prize for his scientific achievement.

他因科學(xué)成就而被授予諾貝爾獎(jiǎng)。

It’s our great honour to have the Queen here today.

女王今天蒞臨，我們深感榮幸。

The soldiers are fighting for the honour of their country.

戰(zhàn)士們?cè)跒樗麄儑业臉s譽(yù)而戰(zhàn)。

in honour of... 為向……表示敬意

This is a party in honour of the visiting president.

這是為向來訪的總統(tǒng)表示敬意而舉行的宴會(huì)。

honourable adj. 可敬的，值得欽佩的；體面的

8. contribute v. 捐獻(xiàn)，捐贈(zèng)；促成；增加；（給雜志、報(bào)

紙等）撰稿，投稿

Would you like to contribute to our collection?

你愿意給我們的募捐捐款嗎?

Various factors contributed to his downfall.

多種因素導(dǎo)致了他的垮臺(tái)。

This book contributes little to our understanding of the subject. 這本書對(duì)我們了解這門學(xué)科無所助益。

She regularly contributes to the college magazine.

她定期給?？陡濉?/p>

contribute to 有助于，促使（發(fā)生某情況）；捐獻(xiàn)，捐贈(zèng)；

給……投稿

A proper amount of exercise contributes to health.

適當(dāng)?shù)倪\(yùn)動(dòng)有助于健康。

contribution n. 捐獻(xiàn)（物），捐贈(zèng)（物）；貢獻(xiàn)，促成作

用；投稿

make a (great) contribution to... 對(duì)……做（很大）貢獻(xiàn)

He made a very positive contribution to the success of the project.

他對(duì)項(xiàng)目的成功做出了非常積極的貢獻(xiàn)。

9. recommend v. 推薦，介紹；勸告，建議

當(dāng)為“推薦、介紹”時(shí)，

(1) recommend sb sth/ sth to sb 向某人推薦某物

I recommended all my students the book / the book to all my students.

我把這本書推薦給了我所有的所生。

(2) recommend sb for... 推薦某人……

They recommended her for the job.

他們推薦她做這個(gè)工作。

當(dāng)為“勸告、建議”時(shí)，

(1) 后跟名詞或代詞

The report recommended a 10% pay increase.

報(bào)告提議工資增加10%。

(2) 后跟復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)

We’d recommend you to book your flight early.

我們建議你提早預(yù)定航班。

(3) 后跟從句

The committee has recommended that the training programme (should) be improved.

委員會(huì)建議改進(jìn)培訓(xùn)計(jì)劃。

(4) 后跟動(dòng)名詞

He recommended reading the book before seeing the movie.

我建議先看這本書，再去看這部電影。

10. apart from (=except for) 除……之外（都）；

(= in addition to/ as well as) 除……之外（還）

I’ve finished apart from the last question.

除了最后一道題，我全都做完了。

Apart from being too large， it just doesn’t suit me.

除了太大之外，它也不適合我。

11. remind sb of... 使某人想起……

You remind me of your father when you say that.

你說這樣的話，使我想起了你的父親。

That smell reminds me of my hometown.

這股氣味使我想起了故鄉(xiāng)。

remind sb to do sth 提醒某人去做某事

Please remind your classmates to bring their books when they come.

請(qǐng)?zhí)嵝涯愕耐瑢W(xué)們來的時(shí)候帶上書。