劉本龍，杭州市學(xué)科帶頭人，對(duì)高考有深入研究。在《中小學(xué)英語(yǔ)教學(xué)與研究》《英語(yǔ)世界》《瘋狂英語(yǔ)》《英語(yǔ)周報(bào)》等省級(jí)和國(guó)家級(jí)報(bào)刊上發(fā)表文章300多篇，參與編寫(xiě)英語(yǔ)教輔資料書(shū)8本。

書(shū)面表達(dá)作為高考試卷中的主觀性試題，其分值占全卷的1/6到1/5，歷年來(lái)備受廣大考生關(guān)注。書(shū)面表達(dá)主要考些什么？筆者分析了近三年全國(guó)各省、直轄市的高考書(shū)面表達(dá)題，歸納出常考的十類(lèi)話題。

一、近三年高考書(shū)面表達(dá)內(nèi)容的主要類(lèi)型統(tǒng)計(jì)表

從表格可以看出，高考書(shū)面表達(dá)的內(nèi)容貼近考生實(shí)際生活，寫(xiě)作話題真實(shí)，讓考生有內(nèi)容可寫(xiě)，也給考生留下了一定的發(fā)揮空間。話題的熟悉度和相對(duì)的開(kāi)放性使各層次考生均能發(fā)揮自己的寫(xiě)作水平，展示其語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用能力。2014年有兩道書(shū)面表達(dá)題要求考生利用想象力和創(chuàng)造力完成，符合實(shí)施素質(zhì)教育，培養(yǎng)考生創(chuàng)新能力的要求。

二、書(shū)面表達(dá)備考建議

1. 了解近三年全國(guó)各地高考書(shū)面表達(dá)所涉及的內(nèi)容和體裁，把握高考動(dòng)向，做到心中有數(shù)，考試不慌張。

2. 根據(jù)每年高考作文不同的題材和題型，選幾篇相應(yīng)的范文，大量反復(fù)閱讀這些范文，總結(jié)其行文模式和基本句型。對(duì)常用的行文規(guī)范和基本句型要爛熟于心，并靈活地運(yùn)用到作文練習(xí)中，提高寫(xiě)作水平。

3. 每周進(jìn)行兩篇限時(shí)作文訓(xùn)練，對(duì)照老師給出的書(shū)面表達(dá)的范文，看看自己文章中的要點(diǎn)是否齊全，結(jié)構(gòu)是否完整，時(shí)態(tài)是否正確，銜接是否連貫，等等，不斷修改，寫(xiě)作能力就會(huì)不斷提升。

4. 翻看以前寫(xiě)的作文，找出問(wèn)題，并分析問(wèn)題的原因，這樣可以避免在高考中犯同樣的錯(cuò)誤。

三、2015年書(shū)面表達(dá)題猜想

1.生活哲理類(lèi)

昨天為了慶祝母親節(jié)，高二（3）班開(kāi)展了以“感恩父母”為主題的班會(huì)活動(dòng)（自制禮物、給父母寫(xiě)信、“感動(dòng)父母”金點(diǎn)子比賽等）。假如你是校英語(yǔ)報(bào)記者李華，請(qǐng)按下列要點(diǎn)用英語(yǔ)寫(xiě)一則100～120詞的新聞報(bào)道。標(biāo)題已給出，不計(jì)入總詞數(shù)。

注意：（1）時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、活動(dòng)宗旨、活動(dòng)等內(nèi)容；

（2）同學(xué)們的表現(xiàn)；

（3）對(duì)本次活動(dòng)的感想或評(píng)論。

范文：

Students of Class 3 Grade 2 held a class meeting in the classroom to celebrate Mother's Day yesterday， the theme of which is “expressing thanks to our parents.” Apart from making gifts by themselves， students wrote letters to their parents and organized a competition in which the one who came up with the best way to move his or her parents would win.

Students made gifts and wrote letters with concentrated attention. Some even did theses things with tears in theirs eyes. Besides， a great many good ideas were put forward to help their parents.

This wonderful activity gives us teenagers a great opportunity to learn to care about our parents. From the activity， we learn that it's time for us to do something for our parents in return for their great love.

2.校園學(xué)習(xí)和生活類(lèi)

最近，關(guān)于高考改革，有的地方出臺(tái)了關(guān)于降低高考英語(yǔ)總分的決定。你認(rèn)為降低高考英語(yǔ)總分有必要嗎？請(qǐng)簡(jiǎn)要闡述你的觀點(diǎn)，并說(shuō)明你的理由。

要求：詞數(shù)120左右。

范文：

Recently， the reform of the college entrance exam has been carried out in many provinces， some of which announced that they would decrease the scores of English exam， causing a heated discussion in public.

From my point of view， it is an inevitable tendency that we should focus more on Chinese rather than English. Thus， I believe it is necessary to decrease the scores of English exam. For one thing， as Chinese， we must spend more time in learning our mother tongue as well as Chinese traditional culture. For another thing， there is an obvious difference between the English education between cities and villages. Decreasing the scores of English exam can show the further equality of the college entrance exam.

To sum up， we are looking forward to a more reasonable and fair way of selecting out the talents.

3. 社會(huì)熱點(diǎn)類(lèi)

一則關(guān)于溫州市區(qū)某小區(qū)的住戶們花26萬(wàn)元買(mǎi)來(lái)“高音炮”對(duì)抗廣場(chǎng)舞音樂(lè)的消息在網(wǎng)上廣為流傳。假如你是高中生李華，你也是廣場(chǎng)舞噪音污染的受害者，請(qǐng)寫(xiě)一封投訴信給相關(guān)部門(mén)，反應(yīng)此問(wèn)題。信的內(nèi)容應(yīng)包括以下幾點(diǎn)：

（1）廣場(chǎng)舞噪音污染現(xiàn)狀；

（2）廣場(chǎng)舞噪音污染帶來(lái)的危害；

（3）提出合理化建議或解決方案。

要求：詞數(shù)120左右。

范文：

Dear Sir，

I am writing the letter to complain about the noise pollution from the square dancing in our district. Every day， various teams of middle-aged and old people come to the square for dancing， with the loud music on all day long. The people living nearby can hardly stand it.

The noise pollution from the square dancing has a bad influence on our life. It is known to us all that the noise pollution may cause great harm to peoples hearing. Whats worse， when we want to go to sleep in the evening， we will surely be disturbed by the loud noise， which can have bad effects on our work and study the next day， especially for the students who will take part in the college entrance examination just like me. Therefore， I do hope the problem can be solved soon.

From my point of view， the government should make some rules about the noise pollution and punish the noise makers. For the people who want to dance， they may be allowed to dance in a certain place in a certain time. I will appreciate it very much if you will consider my suggestions.

Best wishes.

Yours，

Li Hua

4. 學(xué)生活動(dòng)類(lèi)

2014年12月31日，新華中學(xué)在校音樂(lè)廳舉辦了迎新晚會(huì)。在晚會(huì)上全校師生同臺(tái)演出，例如唱歌、跳舞、演小品、變魔術(shù)等，最后齊唱歌曲《明天會(huì)更好》。假如你是校英語(yǔ)報(bào)記者李華，請(qǐng)按下列要點(diǎn)用英語(yǔ)寫(xiě)一則120～150詞的新聞報(bào)道。

（1）時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、人物、活動(dòng)；

（2）師生們的反應(yīng)；

（3）對(duì)事件進(jìn)行評(píng)論。

參考詞匯：小品witty skits 魔術(shù)magic tricks

范文：

On the evening of December 31， 2010， the party to celebrate the New Year was held in the Concert Hall of XinHua High School. Working together on the stage， the teachers and students presented us with a lot of wonderful and interesting performances. For example， they cooperated with each other to perform witty skits as well as singing and dancing. They also played magic tricks， which came as a surprise. What amazing programs！ All the evening the audience couldnt help laughing！

At the end of the party， all the performers sang the song “tomorrow will be better”. All the people present at the party thought highly of it ，saying that they would never forget it.

The New Year party is a great success. Undoubtedly， the party conveys us the message that this is a whole brand new year.

5.想象創(chuàng)新類(lèi)

每個(gè)人都希望擁有一所溫馨、舒適的房子。你想擁有什么樣的房子呢？請(qǐng)用英語(yǔ)描述你夢(mèng)想中的房子。

注意：詞數(shù)120左右。

可以適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫。

范文：

My dream house is a villa which lies on the coast. There are two yards in the villa. The front yard is a garden with many beautiful flowers and plants for the four seasons. There is a swimming pool in the back yard， as my family are fond of swimming. On the first floor， there is a big hall when you enter the gate.

On the right of the hall is a sitting room where we can relax， have a rest， watch TV and enjoy entertainments. On the left there is a computer room and a study belonging to me. The villa will be equipped with the modern equipment， such as security alarms controlled by computers， vision phones， automatic doors. That house is what I dream.

6.環(huán)保類(lèi)

今年以來(lái)，我國(guó)東部多地出現(xiàn)持續(xù)霧霾天氣（smog），極大地影響了人們的健康與生活。請(qǐng)根據(jù)提示，寫(xiě)一篇文章。

（1）描述目前的霧霾現(xiàn)象及其危害；

（2）分析霧霾形成的原因；

（3）提出至少兩條治理霧霾天氣的建議。

注意：上下文連貫，行文流暢；詞數(shù)120左右。

范文：

Recently， the smog has occurred continually in most parts of East China， which has done great harm to peoples daily life. A large number of traffic accidents happen on account of the heavy smog weather and quite a lot of flights have to be put off. Besides， more and more people become ill because of the poisonous air caused by the smog.

What leads to the smog whether？ For on thing， the various pollutions especially the air pollution caused by the factories and cars should be to blame. For another thing， the earth is becoming warmer and warmer due to humans activities such as cutting down trees and putting more carbon dioxide.

Its time we should realize the importance of protecting the environment and take some measures to reduce the smog weather. The government should make some laws to protect the environment. Everyone should be encouraged to go to work or school with the public traffic instead of private cars， such as the bus and the underground. Together， individuals can make a difference.