崔新儀 胡奇 羅潔 謝雨杉
摘 要:通過試驗(yàn)對(duì)美國(guó)白蛾Hyphantria cunea (Drury)幼蟲階段的部分特性進(jìn)行了觀察研究。觀察內(nèi)容包括幼蟲體表毛瘤變化特性,各不同齡期階段的幼蟲體表上的剛毛特征,提供了體色、體長(zhǎng)、斑紋特征以外的識(shí)別幼蟲種類的體表特征,以及不同齡期幼蟲的齡期識(shí)別特征,特別是形態(tài)相似的1齡與2齡幼蟲的區(qū)別特征。由于各世代中的末齡幼蟲最大齡期數(shù)不盡一致,通過飼養(yǎng)觀察,初步明確了春季美國(guó)白蛾幼蟲在天津的最大齡期數(shù)。對(duì)天津市區(qū)幼蟲的發(fā)生期和滯育蛹的形成情況進(jìn)行了觀察分析。
關(guān)鍵詞:美國(guó)白蛾;幼蟲; 齡期;天津
中圖分類號(hào):S763.42 文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識(shí)碼:A DOI 編碼:10.3969/j.issn.1006-6500.2015.09.039
Observation on Characteristics of Hyphantria cunea (Drury) Lavae in Different Instar Stadge
CUI Xin-yi , HU Qi, LUO Jie, XIE Yu-shan
( Department of Plant Protection,Tianjin Agricultural College, Tianjin 3000384,China)
Abstract: In this experiment, observation on some larvae's characteristics of Hyphantria cunea was conducted. Main contents were including observation on the various distribution design of the larvaes verruca and setae on cuticle in different stadium,and these design for recognizing marks on the cuticle to distinguish Hyphantria cunea except those characteristics such as body color, length and maculation. It also provided the characteristics of recognizing the larvae stadium, especially to distinguish first from second instar stage larvae with similar morphological characters. Due to the different instar number of the larvae occurred in various insect generations, during the raising experiment, the largest instar number of the larvae in spring season in Tianjin city was preliminarily found. Analysis and observation on the occurrence time of larvae and diapauses pupae were also carried out.
Key words: Hyphantria cunea; Larvae; stadium; Tianjin
美國(guó)白蛾Hyphantria cunea (Drury) 是一種外來入侵的重要害蟲,可對(duì)園林植物、林木、果樹等作物造成嚴(yán)重危害[1]。有關(guān)美國(guó)白蛾的研究?jī)?nèi)容包括形態(tài)、防治、分布擴(kuò)散區(qū)域、種群遺傳特點(diǎn)差異、生物學(xué)特性、植物抗蟲性[2]、人工飼養(yǎng)等方面。有關(guān)形態(tài)特征方面的報(bào)道主要集中在成蟲[3]、幼蟲[4]、蛹和卵的種類識(shí)別,各齡期幼蟲體長(zhǎng)、雌、雄成蟲的區(qū)分等,對(duì)各個(gè)齡期幼蟲體表毛片或毛瘤、剛毛特性的詳細(xì)報(bào)道較少。其中生物學(xué)特性研究包括各蟲態(tài)的發(fā)育歷期[5],不同地區(qū)每年發(fā)生的世代數(shù)異同點(diǎn),蛹的滯育[6]如老熟幼蟲可發(fā)育為夏季滯育蛹和冬季滯育蛹等。對(duì)幼蟲最大齡期數(shù)的報(bào)道有5齡[7]、6齡和7齡[8]的不同。本試驗(yàn)研究了美國(guó)白蛾幼蟲期的一些特性,對(duì)體表毛瘤變化特性進(jìn)行了觀察,提供了已有的體色、體長(zhǎng)、斑紋特征以外的識(shí)別幼蟲種類的體表特征;對(duì)各不同齡期階段的幼蟲體上的剛毛特征進(jìn)行了觀察,提供了識(shí)別不同齡期幼蟲的特征,特別是形態(tài)相似的1齡和2齡幼蟲區(qū)別特征;對(duì)天津市發(fā)生的幼蟲最大齡期數(shù)進(jìn)行了飼養(yǎng)觀察,對(duì)1年內(nèi)不同世代的幼蟲發(fā)育成滯育蛹與否的特性進(jìn)行了觀察。