王福明+沈蒲生??
摘要:介紹了美國等國規(guī)范有關(guān)剪重比的規(guī)定,以及我國《建筑抗震設(shè)計規(guī)范》(GB 50011—2010)和《高層建筑混凝土結(jié)構(gòu)技術(shù)規(guī)程》(JGJ 3-2010)中最小剪重比提出的背景,對高層結(jié)構(gòu)滿足現(xiàn)行規(guī)范剪重比要求的結(jié)構(gòu)自振周期進(jìn)行了分析.根據(jù)現(xiàn)行抗震規(guī)范的要求將地震影響系數(shù)曲線分為兩種情況,又將每種情況下的地震影響系數(shù)曲線分為5段,分析了每段的結(jié)構(gòu)自振周期與樓層最小地震剪力系數(shù)值之間的關(guān)系,最后對結(jié)果進(jìn)行合并,得到了滿足規(guī)范要求的樓層最小地震剪力系數(shù)值的結(jié)構(gòu)基本周期,根據(jù)結(jié)構(gòu)的基本自振周期便可以判斷該結(jié)構(gòu)的剪重比是否能夠滿足規(guī)范剪重比的要求.通過工程實例對分析結(jié)果進(jìn)行了驗證.
關(guān)鍵詞:剪重比;高層建筑;樓層最小地震剪力系數(shù)值;地震影響系數(shù)最大值;結(jié)構(gòu)基本自振周期
中圖分類號:TU318;P315.9文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識碼:A
由于地震影響系數(shù)在長周期段下降較快,對于基本周期大于3.5 s的結(jié)構(gòu),由此計算所得的水平地震作用下的結(jié)構(gòu)效應(yīng)可能太小.而對于長周期結(jié)構(gòu),地震動態(tài)作用中的地面運(yùn)動速度和位移可能對結(jié)構(gòu)的破壞具有更大影響,出于結(jié)構(gòu)安全的考慮,我國《建筑抗震設(shè)計規(guī)范》(GB 50011—2010)[1]和《高層建筑混凝土結(jié)構(gòu)技術(shù)規(guī)程》(JGJ 3—2010)[2]提出了對結(jié)構(gòu)總水平地震剪力系數(shù)及各樓層水平地震剪力系數(shù)(又稱為剪重比)最小值的要求,規(guī)定了不同烈度下的最小樓層地震剪力系數(shù),當(dāng)不滿足時,需改變結(jié)構(gòu)布置或調(diào)整結(jié)構(gòu)總剪力和各樓層的水平地震剪力使之滿足要求.《建筑抗震設(shè)計規(guī)范》和《高層建筑混凝土結(jié)構(gòu)技術(shù)規(guī)程》引入樓層最小剪力系數(shù)λmin來保證長周期結(jié)構(gòu)在地震作用下的安全是合適的.各國規(guī)范關(guān)于最小剪力系數(shù)也有相應(yīng)的規(guī)定.
5結(jié)論
基于《建筑抗震設(shè)計規(guī)范》(GB 50011—2010)與《高層建筑混凝土結(jié)構(gòu)技術(shù)規(guī)程》(JGJ 3-2010)對結(jié)構(gòu)的最小地震剪力系數(shù)值的要求,對符合現(xiàn)行抗震規(guī)范地震剪力系數(shù)要求的高層結(jié)構(gòu)基本周期進(jìn)行分析,得到以下結(jié)論:
1)由于我國規(guī)范人為規(guī)定的最小剪重比與結(jié)構(gòu)的自振周期有關(guān),因此,根據(jù)結(jié)構(gòu)的自振周期值便可以初步判斷結(jié)構(gòu)的剪重比是否滿足規(guī)范的要求.
2)當(dāng)高層建筑結(jié)構(gòu)的剪重比能滿足規(guī)范的最小剪重比要求時,結(jié)構(gòu)的基本自振周期均滿足表4~表6的要求;若結(jié)構(gòu)的自振周期不在表4~表6所示的區(qū)間中,則該結(jié)構(gòu)的剪重比一定不滿足我國規(guī)范對剪重比的要求.
3) 由表4~表6可見,在滿足規(guī)范剪重比要求的結(jié)構(gòu)自振周期最大值的區(qū)間內(nèi),有可能出現(xiàn)不滿足規(guī)范剪重比要求的自振周期區(qū)段.
參考文獻(xiàn)
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