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第五代移動通信技術(shù)（5G）

·編者按·

第五代移動通信技術(shù)（5th generation mobile networks 或 5th generation wireless systems，簡稱5G），是繼4G之后，新一代的移動通信技術(shù)，該技術(shù)的研究方興未艾，目前還沒有電信公司或者標(biāo)準(zhǔn)制定組織在官方文件中提到這一概念。隨著技術(shù)的發(fā)展，人們對通信網(wǎng)絡(luò)的需求呈現(xiàn)爆炸式增長，推動在傳輸速率和資源利用率等方面大大優(yōu)于4G的移動通信技術(shù)加快研發(fā)，按照預(yù)想，5G網(wǎng)絡(luò)將達(dá)到五大性能目標(biāo)：傳輸速率達(dá)到10 GB/s；頻譜效率提高10倍；業(yè)務(wù)時(shí)延小于5 m/s；網(wǎng)絡(luò)容量提升1000倍；能量效率提升10倍；并能提供更多的應(yīng)用和更好的用戶體驗(yàn)。

2013年初，歐盟在第7框架計(jì)劃啟動了面向5G研發(fā)的METIS（Mobile and Wireless Communications Enablers for the Twenty-Twenty（2020）Information Society）項(xiàng)目，韓國和中國分別成立了5G技術(shù)論壇和IMT-2020（5G）推進(jìn)組。我國863計(jì)劃也分別于2013年6月和2014年3月啟動了5G重大項(xiàng)目一期和二期研發(fā)課題。2014年5月8日，日本電信營運(yùn)商N(yùn)TT DoCoMo正式宣布與其他廠商共同合作，測試超過現(xiàn)有4G網(wǎng)絡(luò)1000倍網(wǎng)絡(luò)承載能力的高速5G網(wǎng)絡(luò)。2015年3月1日，英國《每日郵報(bào)》報(bào)道，英國已成功研制5G網(wǎng)絡(luò)，并稱于2018年投入公眾測試，2020年正式投入商用。2015年9月7日，美國移動運(yùn)營商Verizon無線公司宣布，將從2016年開始試用5G網(wǎng)絡(luò)，2017年在美國部分城市全面商用。我國5G技術(shù)研發(fā)試驗(yàn)將在2016—2018年進(jìn)行，分為5G關(guān)鍵技術(shù)試驗(yàn)、5G技術(shù)方案驗(yàn)證和5G系統(tǒng)驗(yàn)證三個階段實(shí)施。

目前，世界各國正就5G的發(fā)展愿景、應(yīng)用需求、候選頻段、關(guān)鍵技術(shù)指標(biāo)等進(jìn)行廣泛的研討，5G在無線傳輸技術(shù)和網(wǎng)絡(luò)技術(shù)方面的關(guān)鍵技術(shù)主要有超密集異構(gòu)網(wǎng)絡(luò)、自組織網(wǎng)絡(luò)、D2D（device-to-device）通信、M2M（machine-to-machine）通信、軟件定義無線網(wǎng)絡(luò)、信息中心網(wǎng)絡(luò)、內(nèi)容分發(fā)網(wǎng)絡(luò)、移動云計(jì)算、軟件定義網(wǎng)絡(luò)/網(wǎng)絡(luò)功能虛擬化和情景感知技術(shù)。

本專題得到孫震強(qiáng)（中國電信北京研究院高級工程師、北京郵電大學(xué)客座教授）、張治中（重慶郵電大學(xué)教授）的大力支持。

·熱點(diǎn)數(shù)據(jù)排行·

截至2016年1月8日，中國知網(wǎng)（CNKI）和Web of Science（WOS）的數(shù)據(jù)報(bào)告顯示，以“5G”為詞條可以檢索到的期刊文獻(xiàn)分別為408與515條，本專題將相關(guān)數(shù)據(jù)按照：研究機(jī)構(gòu)發(fā)文數(shù)、作者發(fā)文數(shù)、期刊發(fā)文數(shù)、被引用頻次進(jìn)行排行，結(jié)果如下。

研究機(jī)構(gòu)發(fā)文數(shù)量排名（CNKI）

研究機(jī)構(gòu)發(fā)文數(shù)量排名（WOS）

作者發(fā)文數(shù)量排名（CNKI）

作者發(fā)文數(shù)量排名（WOS）

期刊發(fā)文數(shù)量排名（CNKI）

期刊發(fā)文數(shù)量排名（WOS）

根據(jù)中國知網(wǎng)（CNKI）數(shù)據(jù)報(bào)告，以“5G”為詞條可以檢索到的高被引論文排行結(jié)果如下。

國內(nèi)數(shù)據(jù)庫高被引論文排行

根據(jù)Web of Science統(tǒng)計(jì)數(shù)據(jù)，以“5G”為詞條可以檢索到的高被引論文排行結(jié)果如下。

國外數(shù)據(jù)庫高被引論文排行

·經(jīng)典文獻(xiàn)推薦·

基于Web of Science檢索結(jié)果，利用Histcite軟件選取LCS（Local Citation Score，本地引用次數(shù)）TOP 100文獻(xiàn)作為節(jié)點(diǎn)進(jìn)行分析，得到本領(lǐng)域推薦的經(jīng)典文獻(xiàn)如下。

5G on the horizon: Key challenges for the radio-access network

Demestichas, P; Georgakopoulos, A; Karvounas, D; et al.

Abstract:Toward the fifth generation (5G) of wireless/mobile broadband, numerous devices and networks will be interconnected and traffic demand will constantly rise. Heterogeneity will also be a feature that is expected to characterize the emerging wireless world, as mixed usage of cells of diverse sizes and access points with different characteristics and technologies in an operating environment are necessary. Wireless networks pose specific requirements that need to be fulfilled. In this respect, approaches for introducing intelligence will be investigated by the research community. Intelligence shall provide energy and cost-efficient solutions at which a certain application/service/quality provision is achieved. Particularly, the introduction of intelligence in heterogeneous network deployments and the cloud radio-access network (RAN) is investigated. Finally, elaboration on emerging enabling technologies for applying intelligence will focus on the recent concepts of software-defined networking (SDN) and network function virtualization (NFV). This article provided an overview for delivering intelligence toward the 5G of wireless/mobile broadband by taking into account the complex context of operation and essential requirements such as QoE, energy efficiency, cost efficiency, and resource efficiency. Self-interference cancellation invalidates a long-held fundamental assumption in wireless network design that radios can only operate in half duplex mode on the same channel. Beyond enabling true in-band full duplex, which effectively doubles spectral efficiency, self-interference cancellation tremendously simplifies spectrum management. Not only does it render entire ecosystems like TD-LTE obsolete, it enables future networks to leverage fragmented spectrum, a pressing global issue that will continue to worsen in 5G networks. Self-interference cancellation offers the potential to complement and sustain the evolution of 5G technologies toward denser heterogeneous networks and can be utilized in wireless communication systems in multiple ways, including increased link capacity, spectrum virtualization, any-division duplexing (ADD), novel relay solutions, and enhanced interference coordination. By virtue of its fundamental nature, self-interference cancellation will have a tremendous impact on 5G networks and beyond. METIS is the EU flagship 5G project with the objective of laying the foundation for 5G systems and building consensus prior tobook=14,ebook=18standardization. The METIS overall approach toward 5G builds on the evolution of existing technologies complemented by new radio concepts that are designed to meet the new and challenging requirements of use cases today's radio access networks cannot support. The integration of these new radio concepts, such as massive MIMO, ultra dense networks, moving networks, and device-to-device, ultra reliable, and massive machine communications, will allow 5G to support the expected increase in mobile data volume while broadening the range of application domains that mobile communications can support beyond 2020. In this article, we describe the scenarios identified for the purpose of driving the 5G research direction. Furthermore, we give initial directions for the technology components (e.g., link level components, multinode/multi-antenna, multi-RAT, and multi-layer networks and spectrum handling) that will allow the fulfillment of the requirements of the identified 5G scenarios. New research directions will lead to fundamental changes in the design of future fifth generation (5G) cellular networks. This article describes five technologies that could lead to both architectural and component disruptive design changes: device-centric architectures, millimeter wave, massive MIMO, smarter devices, and native support for machine-to-machine communications. The key ideas for each technology are described, along with their potential impact on 5G and the research challenges that remain. The ever growing traffic explosion in mobile communications has recently drawn increased attention to the large amount of underutilized spectrum in the millimeter-wave frequency bands as a potentially viable solution for achieving tens to hundreds of times more capacity compared to current 4G cellular networks. Historically, mmWave bands were ruled out for cellular usage mainly due to concerns regarding short-range and non-line-of-sight coverage issues. In this article, we present recent results from channel measurement campaigns and the development of advanced algorithms and a prototype, which clearly demonstrate that the mmWave band may indeed be a worthy candidate for next generation (5G) cellular systems. The results of channel measurements carried out in both the United States and Korea are summarized along with the actual free space propagation measurements in an anechoic chamber. Then a novel hybrid beamforming scheme and its link-and system-level simulation results are presented. Finally, recent results from our mmWave prototyping efforts along with indoor and outdoor test results are described to assert the feasibility of mmWave bands for cellular usage.

來源出版物：IEEE Vehicular Technology Magazine, 2013, 8(3): 47-53

Applications of self-interference cancellation in 5G and beyond

Hong, S; Brand, J; Il Choi, J; et al.

來源出版物：IEEE Communications Magazine, 2014, 52(2): 114-121

Scenarios for 5G mobile and wireless communications: The vision of the METIS project

Osseiran, A; Boccardi, F; Braun, V; et al.

來源出版物：IEEE Communications Magazine, 2014, 52(5): 26-35

Five disruptive technology directions for 5G

Boccardi, F; Heath, RW; Lozano, A; et al.

來源出版物：IEEE Communications Magazine, 2014, 52(2): 106-113

·推薦綜述·

來源出版物：IEEE Communications Magazine, 2014, 52(2): 74-80

Millimeter-wave beamforming as an enabling technology for 5G cellular communications: Theoretical feasibility and prototype results

Roh, W; Seol, JY; Park, J; et al.

文獻(xiàn)編號本領(lǐng)域經(jīng)典文章題目第一作者來源出版物1 5G on the horizon: Key challenges for the radio-access network Demestichas, P IEEE Vehicular Technology Magazine, 2013, 8(3): 47-53 2Applications of self-interference cancellation in 5G and beyond Hong, S IEEE Communications Magazine, 2014, 52(2): 114-121 3 Scenarios for 5G mobile and wireless communications: The vision of the METIS project Osseiran, A IEEE Communications Magazine, 2014, 52(5): 26-35 4Five disruptive technology directions for 5G Boccardi, F IEEE Communications Magazine, 2014, 52(2): 74-80 5 Millimeter-wave beamforming as an enabling technology for 5G cellular communications: Theoretical feasibility and prototype results Roh, W IEEE Communications Magazine, 2014, 52(2): 106-113