国产日韩欧美一区二区三区三州_亚洲少妇熟女av_久久久久亚洲av国产精品_波多野结衣网站一区二区_亚洲欧美色片在线91_国产亚洲精品精品国产优播av_日本一区二区三区波多野结衣 _久久国产av不卡

?

含三個(gè)含時(shí)點(diǎn)接觸的量子輸運(yùn)

2016-12-10 22:04程芳

程芳

摘 要 拓?fù)浣^緣體的材料可大大提高計(jì)算機(jī)芯片的運(yùn)行速度和工作效率,甚至可能會(huì)成為以自旋電子學(xué)為基礎(chǔ)的下一代全新計(jì)算機(jī)技術(shù)的基石.拓?fù)浣^緣體的邊緣態(tài)展現(xiàn)出奇特的性質(zhì),電子在表面自由流動(dòng),不損耗任何能量.使用玻色化,重整化群,格林函數(shù)的方法從理論上研究了三個(gè)含時(shí)點(diǎn)接觸存在對拓?fù)溥吘墤B(tài)輸運(yùn)性質(zhì)的影響.得到電流隨偏壓和溫度變化的解析表達(dá)式,以及依賴于電子間相互作用冪指數(shù)變化規(guī)律.該理論提供了一種調(diào)控納米結(jié)構(gòu)中輸運(yùn)性質(zhì)的手段.

關(guān)鍵詞 拓?fù)浣^緣體;含時(shí)點(diǎn)接觸; 拉廷格液體;量子輸運(yùn)

中圖分類號 O413.2 文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識碼 A 文章編號 1000-2537(2016)05-0061-04

Abstract The novel topological insulator material has provided the physical foundation for the dissipationless spin transport, possibly constructed the brand-new spintronic devices. The edge state of the topological insulator shows unusual helical feature due to the electron spin-momentum locking. Using the Luttinger liquid theory and nonequilibium Green function, the quantum transport in a quantum spin Hall bar with three quantum point contacts (QPCs) was studied. The currents display very different pump frequency dependence for weak and strong e-e interaction. These unique properties were induced by the helical feature of the edge states, and therefore can be used to detect and control edge state transport.

Key words topological insulator; time dependent quantum point contacts; Luttinger liquid; quantum transport

全電操縱的自旋電子學(xué)器件的制備和性能研究是當(dāng)今凝聚態(tài)物理領(lǐng)域的前沿研究課題[1-2].拓?fù)浣^緣體是現(xiàn)代凝聚態(tài)物理中的一個(gè)重要研究主題.拓?fù)浣^緣體不是常規(guī)的超導(dǎo)體,它只能攜帶很小的電流,不能用于超高效電源線,但它為微芯片開發(fā)的范式轉(zhuǎn)移鋪平了道路,這將導(dǎo)致自旋電子學(xué)的新應(yīng)用,即利用電子自旋來攜帶信息.從電子能帶結(jié)構(gòu)上來說,拓?fù)浣^緣態(tài)不能用傳統(tǒng)的金屬、絕緣體來描述,而是一種全新的物質(zhì)態(tài).它的體電子態(tài)是有能隙的絕緣態(tài),但它的表面(對三維體系)或者邊緣(對二維體系)電子態(tài)則是零能隙有手性的金屬態(tài)[3-7].螺旋的表面電子態(tài)具有線性色散關(guān)系并且自旋與動(dòng)量滿足特定的手性關(guān)系.由于其獨(dú)特的能帶結(jié)構(gòu)和手征特性,電子的輸運(yùn)、磁學(xué)和光學(xué)性質(zhì)將明顯不同于普通體系[8-13]. 這個(gè)快速成長的領(lǐng)域中的關(guān)鍵問題之一是如何檢測和控制的拓?fù)溥吘墤B(tài).到目前為止,量子自旋霍爾壩的邊緣態(tài)已經(jīng)通過直流偏壓下測量源極和漏極之間電導(dǎo)檢測到.最近,文獻(xiàn)[14-17]提出使用量子點(diǎn)接觸,即帶間耦合, 來控制邊緣態(tài)的輸運(yùn).量子霍爾效應(yīng)不是唯一的拓?fù)浣^緣體,最近物理學(xué)家陸續(xù)預(yù)言并實(shí)驗(yàn)發(fā)現(xiàn)了一系列二維材料由于其自身的自旋軌道耦合導(dǎo)致新的拓?fù)浣^緣態(tài).在該類材料中,自旋軌道耦合會(huì)在體能帶打開一個(gè)帶隙分開完全占據(jù)的價(jià)帶和空的導(dǎo)帶,并在帶隙里面建立起邊緣態(tài).量子自旋霍爾邊界狀態(tài)有重要的自旋過濾性質(zhì),它可以使自旋向上的電子向一個(gè)方向傳播,而使自旋向下的電子向另一個(gè)方向傳播.類比于一種螺旋型粒子的自旋和動(dòng)量間的關(guān)系,后來把這種邊界狀態(tài)稱作“螺旋形狀態(tài)”.

1 螺旋Luttinger 液體的哈密頓量

螺旋Luttinger 液體的自旋與動(dòng)量方向鎖定的,只有準(zhǔn)一維系統(tǒng)一半的自由度.考慮一個(gè)由右移自旋向上,左移自旋向下的螺旋Luttinger 液體[18].由于時(shí)間反演對稱性,單粒子的背散射過程被禁止.自由電子的哈密頓量

3 結(jié)論

采用玻色化、重整化群及格林函數(shù)的方法從理論上研究了3個(gè)含時(shí)點(diǎn)接觸存在對拓?fù)溥吘墤B(tài)輸運(yùn)性質(zhì)的影響.得到泵浦電流隨偏壓和溫度變化的解析表達(dá)式,以及依賴于電子間相互作用冪指數(shù)變化規(guī)律.研究結(jié)果提供了一種調(diào)控納米結(jié)構(gòu)中輸運(yùn)性質(zhì)的手段.

參考文獻(xiàn):

[1]WOLF S A, AWSCHALOM D D, BUHRMAN R A, et al. Spintronics: a spin-based electronics vision for the future [J]. Science, 2001,294(16):1488-1495.

[2]UTIC' I, FABIAN J, SARMA S D. Spintronics: funda-mentals and applications [J]. Rev Mod Phys, 2004,76(2):323.

[3]QI X L, ZHANG S C. The quantum spin Hall effect and topological insulators [J]. Phys Today, 2010,63(1):33.

[4]HASAN M Z, KANE C L. Topological insulators [J]. Rev Mod Phys, 2010,82(4):3045–3067.

[5]MOORE J E. Perspective article the birth of topological insulators [J]. Nature, 2010,464(6):194-198.

[6]SHI L, ZHANG S C, CHANG K. Anomalous electron trajectory in topological insulators [J]. Phys Rev B, 2013,87(5):161115.

[7]CHEN M N, SHENG L, SHEN R, et al. Spin Chern pumping from the bulk of two-dimensional topological insulators [J]. Phys Rev B, 2015,91(12):125117.

[8]SHENG D N, WENG Z Y, SHENG L, et al. Quantum spin-hall effect and topologically invariant chern numbers [J]. Phys Rev Lett, 2006,97(3):036808.

[9]FU L, KANE C L, MELE E J. Topological insulators in three dimensions [J]. Phys Rev Lett, 2007,98(11):106803.

[10]BERNEVIG B A, HUGHES T L, ZHANG S C. Quantum spin hall effect and topological phase transition in HgTe quantum wells [J]. Science, 2006,314(6):1757.

[11]CHANG K, LOU W K. Helical quantum states in HgTe quantum dots with inverted band structures [J]. Phys Rev Lett, 2011,106(2):206802.

[12]MIAO M S, YAN Q, WALLE C G, et al. Polarization-driven topological insulator transition in a GaN/InN/GaN quantum well [J]. Phys Rev Lett, 2012,109(8):186803.

[13]ZHANG D, LOU W K, MIAO M, et al. Interface-induced topological insulator transition in GaAs/Ge/GaAs quantum wells [J]. Phys Rev Lett, 2013,111(7):156402.

[14]STRM A, JOHANNESSON H. Tunneling between edge states in a quantum spin hall system [J]. Phys Rev Lett, 2009,102(9):096806.

[15]SCHMIDT T L. Current correlations in quantum spin hall insulators [J]. Phys Rev Lett, 2011,107(9):096602.

[16]TEO J C Y, KANE C L. Critical behavior of a point contact in a quantum spin Hall insulator [J]. Phys Rev B, 2009,79(23):235321.

[17]ZHANG L B, CHENG F, ZHAI F, et al. Electrical switching of the edge channel transport in HgTe quantum wells with an inverted band structure [J]. Phys Rev B, 2011,83(8):081402(R).

[18]RONETTI F, VANNUCCI L, DOLCETTO G, et al. Spin-thermoelectric transport induced by interactions and spin-flip processes in two-dimensional topological insulators [J]. Phys Rev B, 2016,93(16):165414.

(編輯 CXM)

常宁市| 江都市| 修文县| 永宁县| 康马县| 三亚市| 开封县| 泾川县| 安阳县| 象山县| 平利县| 方城县| 炉霍县| 大厂| 昌黎县| 泰宁县| 邵阳县| 武胜县| 锦屏县| 镇安县| 甘泉县| 富源县| 资兴市| 田东县| 崇义县| 华安县| 勃利县| 乌拉特后旗| 出国| 威海市| 凤山市| 丹巴县| 资溪县| 奈曼旗| 西贡区| 旌德县| 措美县| 涞水县| 南昌县| 蕉岭县| 龙海市|