孫志欣,張 瑩(天津中醫(yī)藥大學(xué)第一附屬醫(yī)院急癥病房,天津 300193)
桔皮素對(duì)人肝癌HepG2細(xì)胞體外增殖和侵襲的影響及機(jī)制研究
孫志欣*,張 瑩(天津中醫(yī)藥大學(xué)第一附屬醫(yī)院急癥病房,天津 300193)
目的:考察桔皮素對(duì)人肝癌HepG2細(xì)胞體外增殖和侵襲的影響,并探討其作用機(jī)制。方法:以0(空白對(duì)照組)、10、20、40、60、80μmol/L桔皮素分別作用于細(xì)胞24、48 h后,采用CCK-8法檢測(cè)細(xì)胞增殖率,并計(jì)算其半數(shù)抑制濃度(IC50)。以0、20、30 μmol/L桔皮素作用細(xì)胞48 h后,采用Transwell侵襲實(shí)驗(yàn)考察其對(duì)細(xì)胞侵襲的影響;并分別采用實(shí)時(shí)熒光定量聚合酶鏈?zhǔn)椒磻?yīng)法和Western blot法考察其對(duì)細(xì)胞中E-鈣黏蛋白(E-cadherin)、N-鈣黏蛋白(N-cadherin)、波形蛋白(Vimentin)、Notch-1、免疫細(xì)胞表面抗原44(CD44)、基質(zhì)金屬蛋白酶9(MMP-9)mRNA及其蛋白表達(dá)的影響;采用Western blot法考察蛋白激酶B(Akt)、糖原合成酶激酶3β(GSK-3β)的磷酸化水平。結(jié)果:10~80μmol/L桔皮素對(duì)人肝癌HepG2細(xì)胞的體外增殖均具有明顯的抑制作用,且呈時(shí)間和劑量依賴性,增殖率較空白對(duì)照組顯著降低(P<0.05),作用24、48 h后的IC50分別為55.7、23.4 μmol/L。20、30 μmol/L桔皮素作用48 h后,細(xì)胞侵襲能力明顯受到抑制;細(xì)胞中N-cadherin、Vimentin、Notch-1、CD44和MMP-9 mRNA及其蛋白水平表達(dá)明顯降低,E-cadherin mRNA及其蛋白表達(dá)水平明顯升高,且Akt、GSK-3β磷酸化水平升高,較空白對(duì)照組差異均有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P<0.05)。結(jié)論:桔皮素可抑制人肝癌HepG2細(xì)胞的體外增殖和侵襲;其機(jī)制可能與下調(diào)細(xì)胞中Notch-1表達(dá)、抑制細(xì)胞的上皮-間質(zhì)轉(zhuǎn)化而抑制CD44和MMP-9的表達(dá),以及抑制其上游Akt-GSK-3β信號(hào)途徑有關(guān)。
桔皮素;人肝癌HepG2細(xì)胞;增殖;侵襲;上皮-間質(zhì)轉(zhuǎn)化
肝癌是我國(guó)發(fā)病率最高的惡性腫瘤之一,且近年其發(fā)病率和病死率均有上升的趨勢(shì)[1]。即使采取以手術(shù)為主、化療和放療為輔的方法進(jìn)行綜合治療,其預(yù)后仍不理想[2]。目前,腫瘤轉(zhuǎn)移仍然是肝癌患者死亡的最主要原因,也是困擾臨床醫(yī)師的主要問(wèn)題之一[3]。天然黃酮類物質(zhì)桔皮素(Tangeretin)廣泛存在于蕓香科植物川橘果皮、酸橙果皮和柑橘莖葉中,具有化痰消痞、理氣和胃、抗真菌等功效[4-5]。近年來(lái),大量體外研究證實(shí)了其可有效地抑制肝癌、乳腺癌、結(jié)腸癌等多種腫瘤細(xì)胞的生長(zhǎng)、增殖,并具有毒副作用較低的特點(diǎn)[6-9],是一種具有潛在肝癌治療開(kāi)發(fā)價(jià)值的天然藥物,但其作用機(jī)制尚不清楚。基于此,本研究旨在探究桔皮素對(duì)人肝癌HepG2細(xì)胞增殖和侵襲的影響并探討其作用機(jī)制,為將桔皮素開(kāi)發(fā)用于肝癌的治療提供實(shí)驗(yàn)依據(jù)。
1.1 儀器
Multiskan FC酶標(biāo)儀(美國(guó)Thermo公司);IX73倒置熒光顯微鏡(日本Olympus公司);7500實(shí)時(shí)熒光定量聚合酶鏈?zhǔn)剑≧T-PCR)分析儀(美國(guó)ABI公司);高速離心機(jī)(美國(guó)Beckman公司)。
1.2 藥品與試劑
桔皮素(南京科朗醫(yī)藥化工有限公司,批號(hào):CS80005,純度:98%);CCK-8試劑盒(碧云天生物技術(shù)研究所,批號(hào):C0038);Trizol總RNA提取試劑盒(武漢科昊佳生物科技有限公司,批號(hào):15596026);染料法熒光PCR定量(SYBR Premix Ex Taq)試劑盒(批號(hào):RR820A)均購(gòu)自大連寶生物公司;細(xì)胞侵襲試劑盒(美國(guó)Corning公司);抗E-鈣黏蛋白(E-cadherin)、N-鈣黏蛋白(N-cadherin)、波形蛋白(Vimentin)、基質(zhì)金屬蛋白酶9(MMP-9)和內(nèi)參β-actin抗體(美國(guó)Santa Cruz公司);Notch-1、免疫細(xì)胞表面抗原(CD)44、蛋白激酶B(Akt)、磷酸化蛋白激酶B(p-Akt)、糖原合成酶激酶3β(GSK-3β)和磷酸化糖原合成酶激酶3β(p-GSK-3β)抗體和辣根過(guò)氧化物酶標(biāo)記兔抗人免疫球蛋白G(IgG)二抗(美國(guó)Cell Signaling Technology公司);胎牛血清(FBS)和RPMI 1640細(xì)胞培養(yǎng)基(美國(guó)Hyclone公司);PCR引物由生工生物工程(上海)股份有限公司合成。
1.3 細(xì)胞
人肝癌HepG2細(xì)胞系購(gòu)于中國(guó)科學(xué)院典型培養(yǎng)物保藏委員會(huì)細(xì)胞庫(kù)。
2.1 細(xì)胞的維持
將人肝癌HepG2細(xì)胞維持于含10%FBS及100 u/ml青霉素、100 mg/L鏈霉素培養(yǎng)液的RPMI 1640培養(yǎng)基,在37℃、5%CO2細(xì)胞培養(yǎng)箱中培養(yǎng)。待細(xì)胞長(zhǎng)滿后,常規(guī)更換培養(yǎng)液,0.25%胰酶溶液消化,以1∶2的比例傳代。
2.2 細(xì)胞增殖試驗(yàn)
按照“2.1”項(xiàng)下條件進(jìn)行細(xì)胞培養(yǎng),待細(xì)胞長(zhǎng)滿后更換培養(yǎng)液,0.25%胰酶溶液消化后進(jìn)行試驗(yàn)。將細(xì)胞分為空白對(duì)照組(即0μmol/L組)和藥物處理組(10、20、40、60、80μmol/L桔皮素),每組設(shè)6個(gè)復(fù)孔,分別培養(yǎng)24、48 h后,每孔加入CCK-8溶液10μl,于37℃、5%CO2培養(yǎng)箱中繼續(xù)孵育2 h后,酶標(biāo)儀測(cè)定其在450 nm波長(zhǎng)處的吸光度(A)。試驗(yàn)重復(fù)3次,取A平均值計(jì)算細(xì)胞的增殖率[增殖率(%)=(藥物處理組平均A值/空白對(duì)照組平均A值)×100%];采用GraphPad Prism 6.0軟件計(jì)算半數(shù)抑制濃度(IC50)。
2.3 細(xì)胞侵襲試驗(yàn)
按照“2.1”項(xiàng)下條件進(jìn)行細(xì)胞培養(yǎng),待細(xì)胞長(zhǎng)滿后更換培養(yǎng)液,0.25%胰酶溶液消化后進(jìn)行試驗(yàn)。將細(xì)胞分為空白對(duì)照組(0μmol/L)和藥物處理組(20、30 μmol/L桔皮素),培養(yǎng)48 h后,0.25%胰酶溶液消化,磷酸鹽緩沖液(PBS)洗滌后,以無(wú)血清RPMI 1640培養(yǎng)基混懸細(xì)胞密度為5×105個(gè)/ml。取200μl細(xì)胞混懸液(相當(dāng)于1×105個(gè)細(xì)胞)加至Transwell小室,置于37℃、5%CO2培養(yǎng)箱中孵育24 h。取出Transwell小室用棉簽小心拭去基質(zhì)膠及上室細(xì)胞,4%多聚甲醛固定10 min,結(jié)晶紫室溫染色25 min。顯微鏡下隨機(jī)選5個(gè)視野進(jìn)行拍照計(jì)數(shù),計(jì)算平均每個(gè)視野的細(xì)胞數(shù),以穿過(guò)濾膜進(jìn)入下室的細(xì)胞數(shù)來(lái)表示細(xì)胞的侵襲能力,侵襲抑制率(%)=(藥物處理組下室細(xì)胞數(shù)/空白對(duì)照組下室細(xì)胞數(shù))×100%。試驗(yàn)重復(fù)3次取平均值。
2.4 蛋白印跡試驗(yàn)
細(xì)胞的培養(yǎng)、分組情況同“2.3”項(xiàng)下。培養(yǎng)48 h后,RIPA裂解液裂解細(xì)胞,以12 000×g、4℃離心10 min收集總蛋白。取40 μg總蛋白上樣,經(jīng)12%十二烷基硫酸鈉-聚丙烯酰胺凝膠(SDS-PAGE)電泳后轉(zhuǎn)移至聚偏二氟乙烯膜(PVDF)膜上,分別加入稀釋比例為1∶2 000的抗E-cadherin、N-cadherin、Vimentin、MMP-9抗體和稀釋比例為1∶1 500的抗Notch-1、CD44、Akt、p-Akt、GSK-3β、p-GSK-3β抗體以及稀釋比例為1∶2 500的抗β-actin(內(nèi)參)抗體,4℃孵育過(guò)夜。以辣根過(guò)氧化物酶標(biāo)記兔抗人IgG二抗室溫孵育1 h,化學(xué)發(fā)光劑發(fā)光、顯影,采用Quntity One軟件進(jìn)行各蛋白灰度值的測(cè)定。以目的蛋白條帶灰度值與內(nèi)參β-actin蛋白條帶灰度值的比值表示目的蛋白的相對(duì)表達(dá)量,以p-Akt、p-GSK-3β蛋白條帶灰度值與Akt、GSK-3β蛋白條帶灰度值的比值表示Akt、GSK-3β的磷酸化水平。
2.5 RT-PCR試驗(yàn)
細(xì)胞的培養(yǎng)、分組情況同“2.3”項(xiàng)下。培養(yǎng)48 h后,采用Trizol法提取細(xì)胞總RNA,紫外分光光度儀測(cè)定其濃度,并取2μg總RNA反轉(zhuǎn)錄合成cDNA。反應(yīng)程序:94℃預(yù)變性3 min;95℃變性50 s,退火30 s,72℃延伸95 s,35個(gè)循環(huán);72℃最后延伸5 min,結(jié)束反應(yīng)。以GAPDH作為內(nèi)參基因,采用2-ΔΔct法[10]計(jì)算目的基因的相對(duì)表達(dá)量。引物序列、退火溫度及產(chǎn)物大小見(jiàn)表1。
表1 RT-PCR引物、退火溫度及產(chǎn)物大小Tab 1 RT-PCR primer,annealing temperature and product length
2.6 統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)方法
3.1 桔皮素對(duì)人肝癌HepG2細(xì)胞增殖的抑制作用
10~80μmol/L桔皮素培養(yǎng)細(xì)胞24、48 h后,細(xì)胞增殖明顯受到抑制,并具有劑量和時(shí)間依賴性,細(xì)胞增殖率較空白對(duì)照組明顯降低(P<0.05);且培養(yǎng)48 h后細(xì)胞增殖率較培養(yǎng)24后明顯降低(P<0.05),結(jié)果見(jiàn)圖1。培養(yǎng)24、48 h后的IC50分別為55.7、23.4 μmol/L。
圖1 不同濃度桔皮素作用不同時(shí)間后對(duì)人肝癌HepG2細(xì)胞體外增殖的影響注:與空白對(duì)照組比較,*P<0.05;與作用24 h比較,#P<0.05Fig 1 Effects of different concentrations of tangeretin on in vitro proliferation of human hepatocellular carcinoma HepG2 cell after different periodsNote:vs.blank control group,*P<0.05;vs.24 h group,#P<0.05
3.2 桔皮素對(duì)人肝癌HepG2細(xì)胞體外侵襲的抑制作用
20、30μmol/L桔皮素培養(yǎng)細(xì)胞48 h后,對(duì)細(xì)胞的體外侵襲有明顯的抑制作用,并具有量效關(guān)系,細(xì)胞的體外侵襲能力分別下降至45.2%和22.1%,較空白對(duì)照組明顯降低(P<0.05),結(jié)果見(jiàn)圖2。
圖2 不同濃度桔皮素作用48 h后對(duì)人肝癌HepG2細(xì)胞侵襲能力的影響(×200)Fig 2 Effects of different concentrations of tangeretin on invasion ability of human hepatocellular carcinoma HepG2 cells after 48 h(×200)
3.3 桔皮素對(duì)人肝癌HepG2細(xì)胞中腫瘤相關(guān)基因mRNA及其蛋白表達(dá)的影響
20、30 μmol/L桔皮素培養(yǎng)細(xì)胞48 h后,細(xì)胞中N-cadherin、Vimentin、Notch-1、CD44、MMP-9 mRNA及其蛋白表達(dá)均顯著下調(diào),E-cadherinin mRNA及其蛋白表達(dá)均顯著上調(diào),細(xì)胞中Akt、GSK-3β磷酸化水平降低,與空白對(duì)照組比較差異均有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P<0.05)。這提示Akt/GSK-3β信號(hào)途徑在桔皮素抑制肝癌細(xì)胞侵襲中發(fā)揮著重要作用,結(jié)果見(jiàn)圖3、表2、表3。
本研究通過(guò)CCK-8試驗(yàn)證實(shí),10~80μmol/L桔皮素能明顯抑制人肝癌HepG2細(xì)胞的增殖,且其抑制作用呈時(shí)間和濃度依賴性,培養(yǎng)24、48 h后的IC50為別為55.7、23.4 μmol/L。為了體現(xiàn)桔皮素作用腫瘤細(xì)胞的濃度依賴性,并顯示出較好的抑制效果以便于觀察,本研究選取桔皮素培養(yǎng)48 h后IC50上、下兩個(gè)濃度(20、30 μmol/L)進(jìn)行后續(xù)試驗(yàn)。Transwell小室模型在體外進(jìn)行腫瘤細(xì)胞侵襲能力的檢測(cè),結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn)桔皮素顯著抑制HepG2細(xì)胞的體外侵襲能力。
圖3 不同濃度桔皮素作用48 h后人肝癌HepG2細(xì)胞中腫瘤相關(guān)基因蛋白表達(dá)的電泳圖Fig 3 Electrophoretogram of protein expression of tumor related gene in HepG2 cells after treated with different concentrations of tangeretin for 48 h
表2 不同濃度桔皮素作用48 h后對(duì)人肝癌HepG2細(xì)胞中腫瘤相關(guān)基因蛋白表達(dá)的影響(±s,n=3)Tab 2 Effects of different concentrations of tangeretin on protein expression of tumor related gene in HepG2 cells after 48 (h±s,n=3)
表2 不同濃度桔皮素作用48 h后對(duì)人肝癌HepG2細(xì)胞中腫瘤相關(guān)基因蛋白表達(dá)的影響(±s,n=3)Tab 2 Effects of different concentrations of tangeretin on protein expression of tumor related gene in HepG2 cells after 48 (h±s,n=3)
注:與空白對(duì)照組比較,*P<0.05Note:vs.blank control group,*P<0.05
基因E-cadherin N-cadherin Vimentin Notch-1 CD44 MMP-9 p-Akt/Akt p-GSK-3β/GSK-3β 0 μmol/L(空白對(duì)照組)1.00±0.15 1.00±0.18 1.00±0.17 1.00±0.15 1.00±0.11 1.00±0.16 1.00±0.12 1.00±0.11 20 μmol/L 1.52±0.35*0.54±0.14*0.56±0.18*0.49±0.11*0.52±0.08*0.45±0.08*0.72±0.22*0.68±0.16*30 μmol/L 1.72±0.24*0.47±0.09*0.41±0.16*0.40±0.11*0.36±0.12*0.35±0.13*0.62±0.15*0.58±0.18*
表3 不同濃度桔皮素作用48 h后對(duì)人肝癌HepG2細(xì)胞中腫瘤相關(guān)基因mRNA表達(dá)的影響(±s,n=3)Tab 3 Effects of different concentrations of tangeretin on mRNA expression of tumor related gene in HepG2 cells after 48 (h±s,n=3)
表3 不同濃度桔皮素作用48 h后對(duì)人肝癌HepG2細(xì)胞中腫瘤相關(guān)基因mRNA表達(dá)的影響(±s,n=3)Tab 3 Effects of different concentrations of tangeretin on mRNA expression of tumor related gene in HepG2 cells after 48 (h±s,n=3)
注:與空白對(duì)照組比較,*P<0.05Note:vs.blank control group,*P<0.05
基因E-cadherin N-cadherin Vimentin Notch-1 CD44 MMP-9 0 μmol/L(空白對(duì)照組)1.00±0.11 1.00±0.08 1.00±0.07 1.00±0.01 1.00±0.10 1.00±0.04 20 μmol/L 1.52±0.11*0.54±0.20*0.56±0.13*0.49±0.20*0.52±0.12*0.45±0.05*30 μmol/L 1.72±0.14*0.47±0.12*0.41±0.12*0.40±0.02*0.36±0.11*0.35±0.03*
上皮-間質(zhì)轉(zhuǎn)化(Epithelial-mesenchymal transition,EMT)在細(xì)胞侵襲過(guò)程中扮演著重要角色,其在EMT過(guò)程中使有極性的上皮細(xì)胞失去極性,轉(zhuǎn)換成具有活動(dòng)能力、能夠在細(xì)胞基質(zhì)間自由移動(dòng)的間質(zhì)細(xì)胞,使沒(méi)有侵襲能力的細(xì)胞獲得浸潤(rùn)能力并最終轉(zhuǎn)移到其他組織和器官,從而使腫瘤形成局部浸潤(rùn)和遠(yuǎn)端轉(zhuǎn)移。E-cadherin、N-cadherin和Vimentin是最主要的EMT標(biāo)志物。細(xì)胞中E-cadherin表達(dá)減少可導(dǎo)致細(xì)胞間連接解體以及細(xì)胞分散;N-cadherin以及細(xì)胞角蛋白細(xì)胞骨架轉(zhuǎn)化為Vimentin后,細(xì)胞骨架重排,形成細(xì)胞-基質(zhì)黏附,引起細(xì)胞表型的改變以及細(xì)胞運(yùn)動(dòng)能力增強(qiáng)。因此,阻斷或逆轉(zhuǎn)EMT過(guò)程有可能會(huì)成為腫瘤抗侵襲治療的新途徑。為了探討EMT在桔皮素抑制人肝癌HepG2細(xì)胞侵襲的作用,筆者檢測(cè)了EMT標(biāo)志物的表達(dá)變化。本研究結(jié)果顯示桔皮素可抑制N-cadherin和Vimentin的表達(dá),而使E-cadherin表達(dá)量明顯上升,這提示桔皮素可能通過(guò)抑制人肝癌HepG2細(xì)胞的EMT過(guò)程而抑制細(xì)胞的侵襲。
Notch信號(hào)通路廣泛存在于多種生物體組織細(xì)胞中,是一種在進(jìn)化過(guò)程中十分保守的信號(hào)轉(zhuǎn)導(dǎo)系統(tǒng),該通路對(duì)細(xì)胞生長(zhǎng)、發(fā)育、凋亡等生物學(xué)行為有著重要作用[11]??缒な荏w蛋白Notch-1是Notch信號(hào)通路的關(guān)鍵蛋白。大量研究表明,Notch-1蛋白在多種腫瘤中異常表達(dá),其與腫瘤的發(fā)生、發(fā)展以及腫瘤耐藥過(guò)程關(guān)系密切[12]。MMPs是一組能夠降解ECM的鋅離子(Zn2+)依賴型內(nèi)肽酶,是能夠降解Ⅳ型膠原的重要基質(zhì)蛋白酶之一。MMP-9已被證明在ECM降解、新血管生成、腫瘤細(xì)胞的生長(zhǎng)和凋亡等重要過(guò)程,以及在腫瘤侵襲、轉(zhuǎn)移的復(fù)雜過(guò)程中起了關(guān)鍵性的作用[13]。Notch-1可通過(guò)影響Akt-GSK-3β以及下游轉(zhuǎn)錄因子活性而調(diào)節(jié)MMP-9的表達(dá)。本研究結(jié)果顯示,桔皮素可抑制人肝癌HepG2細(xì)胞中Notch-1的表達(dá),而且Notch-1作用下游基因MMP-9的表達(dá)也明顯受抑制,這提示桔皮素可能通過(guò)調(diào)控Notch-1的表達(dá)而抑制肝癌細(xì)胞的侵襲。
GSK-3β是一種多功能的絲氨酸/蘇氨酸蛋白激酶,是Akt最早發(fā)現(xiàn)的直接底物之一。β-鏈蛋白(β-catenin)作為一種細(xì)胞骨架蛋白可在胞膜處與E-cadherin形成復(fù)合體,對(duì)維持細(xì)胞間黏附、防止腫瘤轉(zhuǎn)移而發(fā)揮重要作用。Akt-GSK-3β信號(hào)途徑參與細(xì)胞的生長(zhǎng)分化、凋亡調(diào)控以及腫瘤發(fā)生發(fā)展過(guò)程?;罨腁kt可以磷酸化GSK,從而拮抗β-catenin的降解,胞漿中β-catenin積聚使其濃度增高,下調(diào)E-cadherin表達(dá),進(jìn)而促進(jìn)腫瘤細(xì)胞運(yùn)動(dòng)[14],最終誘導(dǎo)了EMT,并促進(jìn)腫瘤的侵襲和轉(zhuǎn)移。本研究發(fā)現(xiàn),桔皮素能抑制Akt和GSK-3β的活性,這提示桔皮素可通過(guò)調(diào)節(jié)Akt-GSK-3β信號(hào)途徑抑制肝癌HepG2細(xì)胞的增殖和侵襲過(guò)程。
綜上所述,本研究證明了桔皮素具有抑制肝癌HepG2細(xì)胞增殖和體外侵襲的能力,其機(jī)制可能為下調(diào)Notch-1表達(dá)、抑制細(xì)胞Akt-GSK-3β信號(hào)途徑和上皮-間質(zhì)轉(zhuǎn)化而抑制CD44和MMP-9的表達(dá)??梢?jiàn),桔皮素具有較好的抗肝癌細(xì)胞增殖和侵襲作用。本研究為桔皮素作為潛在的抗腫瘤藥物應(yīng)用于臨床提供了實(shí)驗(yàn)基礎(chǔ)和依據(jù)。
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(編輯:林 靜)
Effects of Tangeretin on in vitro Proliferation and Invasion of Human Hepatocellular Carcinoma HepG2 Cells and Its Mechanism Study
SUN Zhixin,ZHANG Ying(Dept.of Emergency Ward,the First Affiliated Hospital of Tianjin University of TCM,Tianjin 300193,China)
OBJECTIVE:To investigate the effects of tangeretin on in vitro proliferation and invasion of human hepatocellular carcinoma HepG2 cells,and to investigate its mechanism.METHODS:After treated with 0(blank control group),10,20,40,60,80μmol/L tangeretin for 24,48 h,the rate of cell proliferation was detected by CCK-8 assay,and IC50was calculated.After treated with 0,20,30 μmol/L tangeretin for 48 h,Transwell invasion test was used to investigate the effects of tangeretin on cell invasion.The effects of tangeretin on mRNA and protein expression of E-cadherin,N-cadherin,Vimentin,Notch-1,CD44 and MMP-9 were determined by RT-PCR and Western blot assay.The phosphorylation of Akt and GSK-3β were investigated by Western blot assay.RESULTS:10-80μmol/L tangeretin significantly inhibited in vitro proliferation of human hepatocellular carcinoma HepG2 cells in time and dose-dependent manner;proliferation rates of them were significantly lowered,compared to blank control group(P<0.05);IC50were 55.7,23.4 μmol/L after treated for 24,48 h.After treated with 20,30 μmol/L tangeretin for 48 h,cell invasion was inhibited in HepG2 cells;mRNA and protein expression of N-cadherin,Vimentin,Notch-1,CD44 and MMP-9 decreased significantly,while those of E-cadherin increased significantly;the phosphorylated levels of Akt and GSK-3β increased;there was statistical significance between them and blank control group(P<0.05).CONCLUSIONS:Tangeretin can inhibit in vitro proliferation and invasion of human hepatocellular carcinoma HepG2 cell,which may be associated with inhibiting the expression of CK44 and MMP-9 and signal pathway of upstream Akt-GSK-3β through up-regulating the expression of Notch-1 and inhibiting epithelial-mesenchymal transition.
Tangeretin;Human hepatocellular carcinoma HepG2 cells;Proliferation;Invasion;Epithelial-mesenchymal transition
R966
A
1001-0408(2016)34-4800-04
2016-02-15
2016-07-18)
*副主任醫(yī)師,碩士。研究方向:天然產(chǎn)物對(duì)腫瘤的抑制作用和機(jī)制研究。E-mail:zhix74@163.com
DOI 10.6039/j.issn.1001-0408.2016.34.15