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跨越世紀(jì)的情緣

2017-01-10 01:51:45龍彼德
文化交流 2016年12期
關(guān)鍵詞:同江赫哲族

龍彼德

這是她第六次去俄羅斯那乃族瓦列里家。

2014年6月的一個(gè)下午,剛剛結(jié)束會(huì)見、從俄羅斯哈巴羅夫斯克邊疆區(qū)那乃區(qū)政府出來的中國黑龍江省同江市政協(xié)副主席、赫哲族人尤秀珍,就立即轉(zhuǎn)去原區(qū)長、那乃族人畢利遞·瓦列里·米哈依洛維奇的家。老遠(yuǎn),她就瞥見掩映于楊樹下、圍著松木柵欄的院子里立著一個(gè)熟悉的身影。

尤秀珍狂喜地奔過去,那是瓦列里的兒子安那多里。聞聲走出家門的安那多里的母親柳德米拉解釋道:“這是我丈夫留給兒子的遺囑,凡是中國親兄弟般的熟人來到那乃區(qū),都必須穿上您送的這套衣服,見衣就見到我瓦列里……”尤秀珍大哭著撲到柳德米拉懷里。白色的鈴蘭花低垂著花枝。

中國赫哲族與俄羅斯那乃族同源。尤秀珍從小就聽長輩說,她的高祖父曾在俄羅斯遠(yuǎn)東地區(qū)的一個(gè)小村莊住過,后來祖父母帶著三個(gè)孩子回到黑龍江南岸的哈魚崗(同江哈魚島),1932年她的姑姑和姑父又去了俄羅斯,至今下落不明……

1986年,中國國務(wù)院批準(zhǔn)恢復(fù)同江口岸,尤秀珍的父親尤清海對(duì)女兒說:“作為一個(gè)民族干部,你一定要想辦法與俄羅斯那乃族取得聯(lián)系?!庇刃阏湟蚕露Q心到俄羅斯尋找親人。

與此同時(shí),那乃區(qū)區(qū)長瓦列里也有一樣的愿望。他從小受到一位從中國山東省來這里謀生的鄰居、漢族老人由桂榛的照顧,老人曾說,中國有人群同那乃人長相一樣,這使瓦列里對(duì)中國與中國人懷有強(qiáng)烈的親近感。老人臨終前掏出一封家書,請(qǐng)瓦列里將自己的死訊傳遞給山東的后代。此后,瓦列里在不斷的打探中看到一本雜志,里面有介紹中國赫哲族的文章并帶有照片,無論風(fēng)俗習(xí)慣、生活方式,還是體貌特征都與那乃族相同,可以說找到赫哲人也就找到了兄弟姐妹。1990年,瓦列里到黑龍江的密山口岸尋訪而無人接待,同江邊貿(mào)公司了解到這一情況匯報(bào)上去,尤秀珍即發(fā)函邀請(qǐng)瓦列里以貿(mào)易代表團(tuán)的名義,來同江認(rèn)親。

“巴奇克哈(見面了)!”

“西愛依(你好)!”

1991年2月25日,在同江東崗站,尤秀珍一聲赫哲語,使瓦列里等五位那乃族同胞熱淚盈眶,大步上前與尤秀珍及赫哲族老干部尤志賢、傅景賢等人握手、擁抱。當(dāng)晚,同江市委、市政府設(shè)宴接待嘉賓,共同的心愿、共同的語言讓隔絕多年的親人有說不完的話。窗外是嚴(yán)冬和黑夜。屋里,暖色的燈光照射著每個(gè)人緋紅的臉頰。

瓦列里敘述了他尋找親人的艱難,但每一次受挫都沒有動(dòng)搖他的意志,反而激勵(lì)他起草了一份決議在那乃區(qū)民族協(xié)會(huì)上通過,發(fā)動(dòng)大家一起來尋找……所以他萬分感謝尤秀珍主席,幫他們圓了這個(gè)團(tuán)圓之夢(mèng)。尤秀珍介紹了長輩們的囑托,激動(dòng)地說:“想親人,盼親人,終于等到這一天,了卻幾代人的心愿。我們住在同一條江的上游和下游,大家可以共同發(fā)展,讓每一戶家庭都過上幸福、美好的生活!”

那乃區(qū)主管民族工作的主任阿克欽科·尼古拉·謝苗諾維奇即興作民歌一首,大意是:七十年的分離終于骨肉相聚,哪一位同胞不心潮起伏……他與同來的四位那乃人哭了,在座的赫哲人也都哭了。

在同江期間,瓦列里等人參觀了赫哲族博物館,觀看了赫哲族文工團(tuán)的精彩表演,并應(yīng)邀去了街津口赫哲族漁業(yè)村,受到全村老少載歌載舞的夾道歡迎。遠(yuǎn)在數(shù)十里外的另一個(gè)八岔赫哲村漁民聽到消息,也穿上民族服裝,帶上禮物,趕來認(rèn)親。鞭炮聲響不斷,熱烈氣氛超過剛過去沒幾天的春節(jié)。

通過交流,瓦列里發(fā)現(xiàn)同江的赫哲族博物館尚不夠完備,他回那乃區(qū)后不惜高價(jià)從市場上購得一個(gè)鹿頭和一只棕熊標(biāo)本,親自送到同江。

通過交流,尤秀珍得知瓦列里與中國漢族老人由桂榛的關(guān)系,便主動(dòng)與山東省海陽縣委統(tǒng)戰(zhàn)部聯(lián)系,找到了老人的兒媳與孫子;尤秀珍親手將回信交給瓦列里,幫他完成了這一夙愿。

通過交流,同江市與那乃區(qū)簽訂了友好市區(qū)協(xié)議、邊境貿(mào)易協(xié)議,相互之間的來往像走親戚一樣頻繁起來……

那乃區(qū)始建于1934年,每隔五年舉辦一次建區(qū)紀(jì)念活動(dòng)。從1994年的60周年紀(jì)念開始,65周年紀(jì)念、70周年紀(jì)念、75周年紀(jì)念……尤秀珍都參加了。1985年,赫哲族首屆文體大會(huì)在同江舉行,1988年正式定名為烏日貢大會(huì),每三年一屆,還有赫哲建政紀(jì)念活動(dòng),瓦列里都受到了邀請(qǐng)。

尤秀珍從那乃人的薩滿鼓、口弦琴、鹿神舞、狩獵歌中,聽到了哺育自己的赫哲族文化;瓦列里從赫哲人的點(diǎn)圣香、祭圣水、敬神偶、送魂儀中,看見了至今猶在的那乃人宗教……隨著歷史和傳統(tǒng)的進(jìn)一步展示,二人越來越堅(jiān)定這一信念:赫哲與那乃同祖同源,一定要互聯(lián)、互通、互補(bǔ)、互助、共榮!

由于過于勞累,加上飲食的不注意,瓦列里患上了糖尿病綜合癥,不得不住院治療,但當(dāng)尤秀珍等中國的同族同胞來到那乃區(qū)訪問時(shí),他仍然親自迎接并陪同到底。

尤秀珍說:“親愛的瓦列里,你是區(qū)長,應(yīng)該抓大事、管全局,找?guī)讉€(gè)年輕人陪我們就可以了。”

瓦列里搖著頭說:“不可以,不可以,親愛的尤主席,陪你們就是我這兩天的大事,至于全局工作已分給我的副手和委員們?!?/p>

“你的身體吃得消嗎?如果……”

“你是說糖尿病吧,”他掀開外衣,露出綁在身上的自動(dòng)胰島素泵,用指尖點(diǎn)了點(diǎn),笑著說,“有現(xiàn)代科技幫助,你可以放一百個(gè)心!”

從那乃區(qū)博物館出來,瓦列里主動(dòng)接上剛才的話題:“尤主席,你不是提到年輕人嗎,我想得最多的就是這個(gè)問題,他們受過高等教育,比我們這輩人聰明能干,可也過于貪杯,往往因酒誤事……”

“我們那邊好一些。關(guān)鍵在于修養(yǎng),響鼓尚需重槌敲嘛!”

“有道理,有道理,修養(yǎng)提高了,我們就可以把班交給他們了?!?/p>

2008年6月,尤秀珍與搞外事工作的尤玉生作為中國同江赫哲族代表,應(yīng)邀到俄羅斯那乃區(qū)參加第一屆遠(yuǎn)東民族手工藝國際聯(lián)歡節(jié),接待、陪同的都變成清一色的年輕人。兩人正詫異間,瓦列里出現(xiàn)了,他笑模悠悠地說:“我在養(yǎng)精蓄銳,準(zhǔn)備完成你們的一個(gè)心愿?!?

尤玉生問:“什么心愿?”

“是尤主席十多年前提出來的,去阿紐河參觀我的別墅。你們雖然來過這里多次,但是每一次的日程都擠得滿滿,根本沒有空,這一次我專門做了安排。”

尤秀珍悄悄地用漢語對(duì)尤玉生說:“你沒注意到他又瘦了一圈,臉色更加憔悴?他知道自己的時(shí)間不多了,所以急著還愿……”

阿紐河之行確實(shí)讓尤秀珍與尤玉生開了眼界。如果把未受污染的阿紐河比喻成銀河的話,那些坐落在河岸上的別墅就是星星,其中數(shù)瓦列里的最大、最耀眼。船行河上,河底是清澈可見的彩石,水中有不時(shí)跳上船頭撞人胸脯的游魚,頭頂有不趕不走、叫不出名字的飛禽,岸上開著千姿百態(tài)顏色各異的野花……

見房就停靠,遇人就干杯,阿紐河之行受到最友好的接待,讓參加者沉浸在美與夢(mèng)幻之中。唯一的遺憾是在乘車返程時(shí)發(fā)現(xiàn)的:瓦列里筋疲力盡,只能躺著,兒子安那多里因?yàn)榕d奮,從前一夜一直暈暈而醉。

尤秀珍噙著眼淚對(duì)瓦列里說:“我只不過隨口提出的一個(gè)小小的要求,提過了也就忘記了,你竟不顧自己的身體來完成它,值得嗎?”

瓦列里說:“值得,完全值得?!?/p>

兩雙手緊緊地握在一起,幾滴晶瑩、閃亮的淚珠正好落在手上……

2010年1月17日,尤秀珍接到那乃區(qū)政府的電話,說區(qū)長瓦列里因病不幸逝世,享年66歲。同江市政府立即發(fā)去了唁電,尤秀珍等也發(fā)去了唁電。

2014年6月,尤秀珍代表中國赫哲族給瓦列里掃墓。她把從中國帶去的白酒、香煙、蛋糕和從哈巴羅夫斯克買來的菊花放在瓦列里的墓前,鞠躬,佇立,哀思。墓地青青,墓地靜靜。

2016年夏,中俄邊境文化季系列活動(dòng)在同江市隆重舉行,成熟時(shí)節(jié)的芳香四處彌漫。8月9日,那乃區(qū)文藝工作者作專場演出,所有的人起立鼓掌,熱烈之聲傳遞得很長遠(yuǎn),很長遠(yuǎn)……

(本文照片由作者拍攝、提供)

On an afternoon in June, 2014, You Xiuzhen, Municipal CPPCC deputy chair of Tongjiang City in Heilongjiang Province in northeastern China, walked out of the Nanai regional government building in Khabarovsk, a city in Russias Far East. Her first thought was to drop in on Valery Mikhailovich. This was going to be her sixth meeting with her “half-brother” in Khabarovsk.

“How have you been, Valery!” She greeted the man from afar, approaching Valerys home and seeing him standing in the courtyard.

The man turned out to be the son of Valery. “My son promised his father that he would dress up in the suit you gave to my husband as a present every time someone from China visits,” Valerys wife Liudmila showed up and explained. You Xiuzhen wept, throwing herself into the womans arms.

The Nanai people in Russia are a Tungusic people of the Far East, who have traditionally lived along Heilongjiang (Amur), Songhuajiang (Sunggari) and Ussuri River. The ancestors of the Nanais were the Jurchens of northernmost Manchuria.

“The Hezhen people in China and the Nanai people in Russia share the same ancestral roots. They had to part ways because of the Convention of Aihui and Convention of Peking signed between the Qing government and Tsarist Russia in 1858 and 1860,” You Xiuzhen explained, while recalling the stories told by the elder members of the family about how her great-great-grandfather once lived in a small village in the Far East in todays Russia and how her grandparents brought their children back to their home village in Heilongjiang.

“My aunt and uncle moved to Russia in 1932, and their whereabouts has since been a mystery to us.” You Xiuzhen mused.

Many of the elder generations of the Hezhen people left the world in hopelessness and sorrow because of such sad separation between family members. In 1986, border trade dialogues between Tongjiang City and Russia were restored. “Go find a way to rebuild a bond with our brothers and sisters among the Nanai people in Russia,” Yous father encouraged.

Fathers wish and You Xiuzhens determination was echoed by Valery, District Mayor of Nanai in the Far East of Russia. In his younger years, he received a lot of help and love from a neighbor who came from Chinas Shandong Province to make a living in Russia. The neighbor told him that the Hezhen people in northern China shared the same lifestyle and culture with Nanai people and they looked exactly alike. Before his death, the neighbor gave Valery a letter and asked him to forward the words about his death to his progeny in Shandong Province.

Valery made his first visit to Heilongjiang in 1990, setting out on a long journey to look for kindred in China. The first milestone in the restoration of the blood bond between the long-separated siblings came on February 25 of 1991 in Tongjiang City, where a delegation of Nanai people led by Valery met with a group of Hezhen cadres representing the local government to share the common wish and the excitement of reunion and speaking the same language.

“The memories about the hardship are too bitter to recall, but I never thought about quitting,” Valery said. All the disappointment and futility transformed into courage and more resolution. He then called for the effort of more Nanai people in Russia and worked closely with You Xiuzhen to fulfill his dream and the dream of the old neighbor from Shandong.

“It is the dream of generations of Hezhen and Nanai people coming to life.” You Xiuzhen announced in great excitement. “Whats more important is to remind future generations that the separation caused by historical reasons should not become an obstacle in our joint effort of building a better life for all,” she emphasized.

After lots of twists and turns, the daughter-in-law and grandson of the old man from Shandong were found. The trade communication between Tongjiang and Nanai region intensified as of the 1990s.

Valery passed away on January 17, 2010, at the age of 66.

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