Najmeh SAMIN， Hassan Reza ETEBARIAN， Bulganin MITRA，Mohammad Hadi FARZANEH

(1.Young Researchers and Elites Club， Science and Research Branch， Islamic Azad University， Tehran， Iran；2.Department of Plant Protection， Yadegar-e-Imam Khomeini(RAH)Shahre Rey Branch，Islamic Azad University， Tehran， Iran；3.Zoological Survey of India， Kolkata 700053， India)

A faunistic study on the bee flies(Diptera:Brachycera:Asiloidea:Bombyliidae)from northern Iran

Najmeh SAMIN1?， Hassan Reza ETEBARIAN2， Bulganin MITRA3，Mohammad Hadi FARZANEH2

(1.Young Researchers and Elites Club， Science and Research Branch， Islamic Azad University， Tehran， Iran；2.Department of Plant Protection， Yadegar-e-Imam Khomeini(RAH)Shahre Rey Branch，Islamic Azad University， Tehran， Iran；3.Zoological Survey of India， Kolkata 700053， India)

In total 23 species of bee flies(Diptera:Bombyliidae)from northern parts of Iran are studied in this paper.The species are related to 11 genera and five subfamilies， Usiinae(3 genera， 5 species)， Phthiriinae(1 genus， 2 species)， Toxophorinae(2 genera， 6 species)， Heterotropinae(single species)and Bombyliinae(4 genera，9 species).

Diptera； Bombyliidae； fauna； distribution； Iran

1 Introduction

The bombiliids or bee flies(Diptera:Bombyliidae)is a large family with over 4 600 known species worldwide(Evenhuis et al.,1999).Bee flies are most frequently found in arid and semiarid areas,with a few species occurring in moist tropical regions(Hull,1973).Adults are commonly found on flowers and usually as pollen and nectar feeders,larvae are free-living in soil or predators,parasitoids or hyperparasitoids on immature stages of holometabolous insects such as Coleoptera,Diptera,Hymenoptera,Lepidoptera,Neuroptera and Orthoptera(Cole et al.,1969；Du Merle,1975；Bowden,1980).Some species are important as natural enemies of major pests including locust,grasshoppers,armyworms,nettle caterpillars and tsetse flies.Some plants depend on bee flies for pollination so that the survival of some endangered plant species may depend on preserving their bee flies pollinators(Evenhuis et al.,1999).

The fauna of Iranian Bombyliidae is diverse,but poorly studied so far(Abbassian-Lintzen,1965,1966a,1966b,1968； Evenhuis et al.,2003； Greathead et al.,2006； Sakenin Chelav et al.,2008； Gharali et al.,2010； Havaskary et al.,2011； Karimpour,2012； Abdii et al.,2012；Hakimian et al.,2012a,2012b,2013；Abdolahi Mesbah et al.,2015).The aim of this paper is a faunistic study of Bombyliidae from some regions of northern Iran.

2 Material and Methods

Specimens were collected by sweeping net and window trap,and additionally some materials deposited in insect collections of Islamic Azad University were analyzed.The collected specimens and genitalia were macerated in 10%KOH for one day to remove soft tissue,then rinsed in distilled water and dilute glacial acetic acid,and dissected in 80%ethanol.Female reproductive organs were stained with a saturated solution of Chlorazol Black in 40%ethanol.Genitalia preparations were placed in glycerine in a genitalia vial mounted on the pin beneath the specimen(Winterton et al.,2006).Classification,nomenclature and distribution data of Bombyliidae were taken from Yeates(1994),Zaitzev(1999),Greathead and Evenhuis(2001),Evenhuis and Greathead(2003).

3 Results

Totally 23 species of Bombyliidae from 11 genera and five subfamilies were collected and identified from some regions of Iran.The list of species is given below with distribution data.

Subfamily Usiinae Becker,1913

Tribe Apolysini(Evenhuis,1989)

Genus Apolysis Loew,1860

Apolysis dolichorostris Paramonov,1947

Material examined:Iran,Guilan province,Rasht,39 m,37°16′N 49°42′E,2♀,25－26 August 2013.

Distribution outside Iran:Armenia,Azerbaijan,Turkmenistan.

Tribe Usiini Becker,1913

Genus Parageron Paramonov,1929

Parageron griseus Paramonov,1947

Material examined:Iran,Golestan province,Gorgan,36°50′N 54°30′E,1♂,April 2010.

Distribution outside Iran:Armenia,Azerbaijan,Turkmenistan,Uzbekistan.

Genus Usia Latreille,1794

Usia(Micrusia)sicula Egger,1859

Material examined:Iran,North Khorasan province,Quchan,37°09′N 58°34′E,1♀,October 2013.

Distribution outside Iran:Croatia,Greece,Italy,Macedonia,Slovenia,Syria,Turkey,former Yugoslavia.

Usia(Usia)bicolor Macquart,1855

Material examined:Iran,Guilan province,Lahijan,37°14′N 50°02′E,2♂,June 11,2014.

Distribution outside Iran:Bosnia-Hercegovina,Croatia,Egypt,Greece,Israel,Italy,Kyrgyzstan,Lebanon,Slovenia,Syria,Turkey,Tajikistan,Turkmenistan,Uzbekistan,former Yugoslavia.Usia(Usia)florea Fabricius,1794

Material examined:Iran,Mazandaran province,Sari,36°30′N 53°30′E,1♀,1♂,April 2011.

Distribution outside Iran:Algeria,France,Italy,Kyrgyzstan,Morocco,Spain,Tajikistan,Tunisia,Turkmenistan.

Subfamily Phthiriinae Becker,1913

Tribe Phthiriini Becker,1913

Genus Phthiria Meigen,1820

Phthiria quadrinotata Loew,1873

Material examined:Iran,Guilan province,Talesh,77 m,37°24′N 48°95′E,2♀,1♂,September 2012.

Distribution outside Iran:Armenia,Azerbaijan,Tajikistan,Turkmenistan,Uzbekistan.Phthiria umbripennis Loew,1846

Material examined:Iran,Golestan province,Bandar-Gaz,36°76′N 53°95′E,1♀,April 2010.

Distribution outside Iran:Armenia,Azerbaijan,Croatia,France,Greece,Israel,Italy,Moldova,Morocco,Romania,Russia,Spain,Syria,Tunisia,Ukraine,former Yugoslavia.

Subfamily Toxophorinae(Schiner,1868)

Tribe Gerontini(Hesse,1938)

Genus Geron Meigen,1820

Geron(Geron)griseus Zaitzev,1962

Material examined:Iran,Golestan province,Gonbad,37°24′N 55°16′E,1♀,1♂,July 2010.

Distribution outside Iran:Armenia,Azerbaijan,Lebanon.Geron(Geron)longiventris Efflatoun,1945

Material examined:Iran,Mazandaran province,Sari,36°30′N 53°30′E,2♀,April 2011.

Distribution outside Iran:China,Egypt,Israel,Tajikistan,Uzbekistan.Geron(Geron)michaili Zaitzev,1972

Material examined:Iran,Golestan province,Bandar-Gaz,36°76′N 53°95′E,1♂,April 2010.

Distribution outside Iran:Algeria,Armenia,Egypt,Mongolia,Tunisia,Turkmenistan,Ukraine.

Geron(Geron)smirnovi Zaitzev,1978

Material examined:Iran,Guilan province,Amlash,36°59′N 50°09′E,2♂,September 2014.

Distribution outside Iran:Greece,Tajikistan,Turkey,Turkmenistan.

Tribe Toxophorini Schiner,1868

Genus Toxophora Meigen,1803

Toxophora epargyra Hermann,1907

Material examined:Iran,Mazandaran province:Amol,36°46′N 52°35′E,1♀,2♂,July 2012.

Distribution outside Iran:Armenia,Azerbaijan,Egypt,Sudan,Syria,Tajikistan,Turkey,Turkmenistan,Uzbekistan.

Toxophora psammophila Paramonov,1933

Material examined:Iran,Golestan province,Gonbad,37°24′N 55°16′E,1♀,July 2010.

Distribution outside Iran:Armenia,Azerbaijan,Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan,Uzbekistan.

Subfamily Heterotropinae Becker,1912

Genus Heterotropus Loew,1873

Heterotropus sabulosus Paramonov,1929

Material examined:Iran,Golestan:Gorgan,36°50′N 54°30′E,2♀,1♂,April 2010.

Distribution outside Iran:Egypt,Turkmenistan,Uzbekistan.

Subfamily Bombyliinae Latreille,1802

Tribe Bombyliini Latreille,1802

Genus Anastoechus Osten Sacken,1877

Anastoechus exalbidus Wiedemann in Meigen,1820

Material examined:Iran,Mazandaran province:Nowshahr,36°26′N 51°36′E,2♀,August 2012.Golestan province,Bandar-Gaz,36°76′N 53°95′E,1♀,April 2010.

Distribution outside Iran:Algeria,Armenia,Azerbaijan,Egypt,France,Israel,Italy,Jordan,Kuwait,Lebanon,Oman,Portugal,Saudi Arabia,Spain,Sudan,Syria,Tunisia,Yemen,former Yugoslavia.

Anastoechus stramineus Wiedemann in Meigen,1820

Material examined:Iran,Mazandaran province:Qaemshahr,36°28′N 52°52′E,3 ♀,September 2011.

Distribution outside Iran:Algeria,Egypt,France,Israel,Italy,Libya,Portugal,Saudi Arabia,Spain,Sudan,Tunisia,Turkmenistan.Anastoechus trisignatus Portschinsky,1881

Material examined:Iran,Guilan province,Talesh,77 m,37°24′N 48°95′E,2♀,2♂,September 2012.Golestan province,Gonbad,37°24′N 55°16′E,1♀,July 2010.

Distribution outside Iran:Algeria,Armenia,Azerbaijan,Bosnia-Hercegovina,Croatia,Egypt,Greece,Israel,Italy,Jordan,Kuwait,Lebanon,Libya,Macedonia,Morocco,Oman,Qatar,Saudi Arabia,Slovenia,Sudan,Syria,Tunisia,Yemen,former Yugoslavia.

Genus Bombylisoma Rondani,1856

Bombylisoma melanocephalum Fabricius,1794

Material examined:Iran,Mazandaran province,Sari,36°30′N 53°30′E,2♂,April 2011.

Distribution outside Iran:Algeria,Armenia,Austria,Azerbaijan,Czech Republic,France,Hungary,Italy,Moldova,Portugal,Russia,Slovakia,Spain,Switzerland,Tunisia,Turkey,Ukraine.

Bombylisoma senegalense Macquart,1840

Material examined:Iran,Guilan province,Astara,38°20′N 48°46′E,1♀,1♂,July 2012.Mazandaran province,Sari,36°30′N 53°30′E,2♂,April 2011.

Distribution outside Iran:Angola,Botswana,Burkina Faso,Chad,Eritrea,Ethiopia,Gambia,Ghana,Hungary,Italy,Kenya,Malawi,Mali,Mauritania,Mozambique,Niger,Nigeria,Portugal,Senegal,Sierra Leone,Somalia,South Africa,Sudan,Swaziland,Tanzania,Uganda,Yemen,Zambia,Zimbabwe,Saudi Arabia,United Arab Emirates.

Genus Bombylius Linnaeus,1758

Bombylius(Bombylius)ambustus Pallas＆Wiedemann in Wiedemann,1818

Material examined:Iran,Mazandaran province,Qaemshahr,36°28′N 52°52′E,2 ♀,September 2011.

Distribution outside Iran:Albania,Armenia,Austria,Azerbaijan,Belarus,China,Croatia,Czech Republic,Estonia,France,Germany,Greece,Hungary,Italy,Kazakhstan,Kyrgyzstan,Latvia,Lithuania,Moldova,Mongolia,Poland,Russia,Slovakia,Spain,Switzerland,Tajikistan,Turkey,Turkmenistan,Ukraine,Uzbekistan.

Bombylius(Bombylius)canescens Mikan,1796

Material examined:Iran,Mazandaran province,Nowshahr,36°26′N 51°36′E,1♀,August 2012.

Distribution outside Iran:Albania,Armenia,Austria,Azerbaijan,Belarus,Belgium,Bosnia-Hercegovina,Bulgaria,Croatia,Cyprus,Czech Republic,Estonia,France,Germany,Greece,Hungary,Ireland,Italy,Latvia,Libya,Lithuania,Malta,Moldova,the Netherlands,Poland,Romania,Russia,Slovakia,Slovenia,Spain,Switzerland,Syria,Turkey,Turkmenistan,UK,Ukraine,former Yugoslavia.

Bombylius(Bombylius)cinerascens Mikan,1796

Material examined:Iran,Guilan province,Astara,38°20′N 48°46′E,1♀,July 2012.

Distribution outside Iran:Albania,Armenia,Austria,Azerbaijan,Belgium,Bosnia-Hercegov-ina,Bulgaria,Croatia,Czech Republic,Egypt,France,Germany,Greece,Hungary,Israel,Italy,Macedonia,Moldova,Poland,Romania,Russia,Saudi Arabia,Slovakia,Slovenia,Spain,Switzerland,Turkey,Ukraine,former Yugoslavia.

Tribe Conophorini(Becker,1916)

Genus Conophorus Meigen,1803

Conophorus glaucescens Loew,1863

Material examined:Iran,Golestan,Gorgan,36°50′N 54°30′E,2♀,April 2010.

Distribution outside Iran:Albania,Armenia,Azerbaijan,Bulgaria,Croatia,Greece,Israel,Italy,Moldova,Russia,Turkey,Ukraine,former Yugoslavia.

Acknowledgements:The authors are grateful to A.Hasbenli(Gazi Universitesi Fen-Edebiyat Fakultesi Biyoloji Bolumu,Turkey)and M.S.A.ElHawagry(Entomology Department,Faculty of Science,Cairo University,Egypt)for providing some papers,J.Rastegar and H.Sakenin(Garmsar and Qaemshahr Islamic Azad University,Iran)for loaning some materials,J.Huang(Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University,China)for editing the manuscript.The research was supported by Islamic Azad University(Young Researchers and Elites Club,Science and Research Branch,and Yadegar-e-Imam Khomeini(RAH)Shahre Rey Branch)and Zoological Survey of India.

Abbassian-Lintzen R,1965.Bombyliidae(Diptera)of Iran.I.Species of the genus Bombylius Loew[J].Annals and Magazine of Natural History,13(8):533-547.

Abbassian-Lintzen R,1966a.Bombyliidae(Diptera)of Iran.II.Pteraulax oldroydi new species[J].Annals and Magazine of Natural History,13(9):321-324.

Abbassian-Lintzen R,1966b.Bombyliidae(Diptera)of Iran.III.Some species of the genera Dischistus Loew,Systoechus Loew and Anastoechus Osten Sacken[J].Annals and Magazine of Natural History,13(9):325-332.

Abbassian-Lintzen R,1968.Bombyliidae(Diptera)of Iran.IV.Species of the subfamily Cythereinae[J].Journal of Natural History,2:231-238.

Abdii L,Gharali B,Lotfalizadeh H,2012.Bee flies fauna(Dip.:Bombylioidea)in Sanandaj and vicinity,Kordestan province,Iran[J].Journal of Field Crop Entomology,1(3):71-84.

Abdolahi Mesbah R,Nozari J,Gharali B,et al,2015.Faunistic study of the superfamily Bombylioidea(Diptera:Brachycera)in Alborz province-Iran,with a key to the species of Mythicomyiidae known from Iran[J].Journal of Crop Protection,4(2):181-187.

Bowden J,1980.Family Bombyliidae[M]∥Crosskey R W,Cogan B H,Freeman P,et al.Catalogue of the Diptera of the Afrotropical region.London:Natural History:381-430.

Cole F R,Schlinger E I,1969.The flies of Western North America[M].Berkeley:University of California Press.

Du Merle P,1975.Les hotes et les stades pre-imaginax des Dipteres Bombyliidae:revue bibliographique annotee[J].Bulletin de la Section Regionale Ouset Palearctique,4:1-289.

Evenhuis N L,Greathead D J,1999.World catalog of bee flies(Diptera:Bombyliidae)[M].Leiden:Backhuys Publishers.

Evenhuis N L,Greathead D J,2003.World catalog of bee flies(Diptera:Bombyliidae):Corrigenda and Addenda[J].Zootaxa,300:1-64.

Gharali B,Kamali K,Evenhuis N,et al,2010.Two new species of the genus Apolysis(Apolysini,Bombyliidae,Diptera)from the north of Iran[J].Zootaxa,2 441:41-52.

Greathead D J,Evenhuis N L,2001.Annotated keys to the genera of African Bombylioidea(Diptera:Bombyliidae:Mythicomyiidae)[J].African Invertebrates,42:105-244.

Greathead D J,Karimpour Y,2006.A new species of Villa Lioy,1864(Diptera:Bombyliidae)parasitic on Sesiidae(Lepidoptera)[J].Zootaxa,1 156:65-68.

Hakimian S,Talebi A A,Gharali B,2012a.First record of Amictus pictus Loew,1869(Diptera:Bombyliidae:Cylleniinae)from Iran[J].Check List,8(4):774-775.

Hakimian S,Talebi A A,Gharali B,2012b.First record of Cononedys bituberculata Becker,1915(Insecta:Diptera:Bombyliidae)from Iran,with description of the spermatheca[J].Check List,8(4):776-778.

Hakimian S,Talebi A A,Gharali B,et al,2013.Three new records of the genus Lomatia Meigen,1822(Diptera:Bombyliidae)from Iran[J].Biharean Biologist,7(1):1-6.

Havaskary M,Mitra B,Sakenin H,et al,2011.On a collection of bee flies(Diptera:Bombyliidae)from Iran[J].Journal of Biological Control,25(1):5-10.

Hull F M,1973.Bee flies of the world:The genera of the family Bombyliidae[M].Washington:Smithsonian Institution Press.

Karimpour Y,2012.On the bee fly(Diptera:Bombyliidae)fauna from West Azarbaijan Province of Iran[J].Biharean Biologist,6(2):81-86.

Sakenin Chelav H,Raheb J,Imani S,et al,2008.A preliminary survey on dipteran predators and parasitoids and Odonata in Iranian rice fields[C]∥Proceedings of National Conference of Agronomical Rice Breeding.Teheran:Young Research Club Islamic Azad University of Ghaemshahr.

Winterton S L,Kerr P H,2006.A new species of Alloxytropus Bezzi(Diptera:Scenopinidae:Proratinae)from Israel[J].Zootaxa,1 155:41-50.

Yeates D K,1994.The cladistics and classification of the Bombyliidae(Diptera:Asiloidea)[M].Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History,219(219):1－191.

Zaitzev V F,1999.On the fauna of slies of the family Bombyliidae(Diptera)of Israel V[J].Entomologicheskoe Obozrenie,78(3):703-718.

伊朗北部蜂虻種類(雙翅目:短角亞目:食蟲虻總科:蜂虻科)

Najmeh SAMIN1?,Hassan Reza ETEBARIAN2,Bulganin MITRA3,Mohammad Hadi FARZANEH2
(1.Young Researchers and Elites Club,Science and Research Branch,Islamic Azad University,Tehran,Iran；2.Department of Plant Protection,Yadegar-e-Imam Khomeini(RAH)Shahre Rey Branch,Islamic Azad University,Tehran,Iran；3.Zoological Survey of India,Kolkata 700053,India)

報道了伊朗北部地區(qū)的23種蜂虻(雙翅目Diptera:蜂虻科Bombyliidae),包含5亞科11屬:Usiinae亞科(3屬5種),Phthiriinae亞科(1屬2種),Toxophorinae亞科(2屬6種),Heterotropinae亞科(單個種)和Bombyliinae亞科(4屬9種)。

雙翅目；蜂虻科；區(qū)系；分布；伊朗

Q969.44

A

1001－4276－(2017)01－0018－07

Samin N，Etebarian H R，Mitra B，et al，2017.A faunistic study on the bee flies(Diptera:Brachycera:Asiloidea:Bombyliidae)from northern Iran[J].武夷科學(xué)，33:18-24.

2017－05－04。

Author:Najmeh Samin， Email:n＿samin63＠ yahoo.com。

(責(zé)任編輯:陳曉雯)