近日,英國劍橋大學(xué)存在風險研究中心(CESR)公布了人類滅絕的10種可能,并對它們的風險等級進行了排序。CESR認為美國總統(tǒng)特朗普也可能引發(fā)世界末日,并且認為這種可能性超過了行星撞地球、氣候變化以及機器人殺手等威脅。一起來看看世界末日究竟可能會以何種方式到來吧!
Humanity faces an uncertain future as technology learns to think for itself and adapt to its environment. Experts predict①that machines will attain②90 percent of human-level intelligence by 2075.
由于科技開始學(xué)習(xí)自我思考并適應(yīng)環(huán)境,人類正面臨著一個不確定的未來。專家預(yù)言,到2075年,機器的智力水平將達到人類的90%。
Superbugs capable of everything from curing diseases to mopping up③pollution could one day become reality, through synthetic④biology.
從治療疾病到清除污染,合成生物學(xué)有朝一日會讓無所不能的超級細菌變成現(xiàn)實。
Fully autonomous⑤weapons, also known as "killer robots", are quickly moving:from the coverage of science fiction toward reality.Removing humans from the targeting decision would create a dangerous world, with machines making life-and-death determinations outside of human control.
全自動武器也被稱為“機器人殺手”,它正迅速從科幻小說走向現(xiàn)實世界。當機器在作出生死決定時不受人類控制,在決定目標時將人類排除在外,世界將變得非常危險。
There are now more than 15,000 nuclear weapons on this planet, but to pull Earth into a devastating⑥nuclear winter, all it would take is the detonation⑦of l00.
目前,地球上存在的核武器超過1 5000枚,但是只需要引爆1 00枚核武器就可以讓地球進入災(zāi)難性的核冬天。
Scientists warn of a tipping point-a temperature beyond which the problem can no longer be dialled back. If we reach this point, a runaway⑧greenhouse effect would cause temperatures to rise to several hundred degrees Celsius, boiling the oceans and making life on Earth impossible.
科學(xué)家們提醒,氣溫超過某個臨界點之后,問題將會到無法挽回的地步。如果氣溫達到了這個臨界點,那么失控的溫室效應(yīng)將會使氣溫飆升到幾百攝氏度,讓海水沸騰,地球上將無法生存。
With energy greater than 10 million Hiroshima bombs, the impact⑨shock would fl atten everything within a 186, mile(300km) radius⑩However, the CESR rate this as a low risk priority.
小行星撞擊的能量比1 000萬枚投放在廣島的原子彈還要強,其帶來的沖擊能把方圓300公里的土地都夷為平地。然而,CESR認為這種情況的可能性較低。
While still largely the preserve of science fiction,the idea that the world we experience as"real" is actually just a simulationis still given serious thought by sci entists, philosophers, and even businesses.
科學(xué)家、哲學(xué)家、甚至連商界都在認真思考這樣一種觀點,即人類認為的“真實”世界實際上是虛擬的,不過這種觀點基本上仍然停留在科幻小說之中。
Global food shortageswill become three times more likely as a result of climate change,according to one report.
一份報告稱,由于氣候變化,世界糧食短缺的可能性將翻三倍。
An other improbable possibility raised as a concern to the future existence of the planet is that supercollider experiments could accidentally destroy planet Earth.
另外一種關(guān)于地球毀滅的較低的可能性是超級對撞機實驗可能意外毀滅地球。
CSER's Julius said,"With Trump, we are moving away from a world in which scientific evidence counts in debates. That impedes(阻礙) our abiliy to deal with any kind of threats. It makes our governance worse and increases risk."
CSER的朱利葉斯表示:“特朗普讓我們與一個科學(xué)證據(jù)在討論中說了算的世界漸行漸遠。他妨礙了我們應(yīng)對各種威脅的能力。讓我們的治理能力變得更糟,讓世界更危險?!?
① predict英 [pr?'d?kt] 美 [pr?'d?kt]vt. 預(yù)報,預(yù)言;預(yù)知vi. 作出預(yù)言;作預(yù)料,作預(yù)報
② attain 英 [?'te?n] 美 [?'ten] vt. 達到,實現(xiàn);獲得;到達vi. 達到;獲得;到達n. 成就
③mop up 擦;用拖把拖洗;結(jié)束
④ synthetic 英 [s?n'θet?k] 美 [s?n'θ?t?k]adj. 綜合的;合成的,人造的n. 合成物
⑤ autonomous 英 [??'t?n?m?s] 美 [?'tɑn?m?s]adj. 自治的;自主的;自發(fā)的
⑥ devastating['dev?steiti?] adj. 毀滅性的;全然的v. 摧毀(devastate的ing形式);毀壞
⑦ detonation 英 [det?'ne??(?)n] 美 [,d?t?'ne??n] n. 爆炸;爆炸聲;爆發(fā)
⑧ runaway 英 ['r?n?we?] 美 ['r?n?we]adj. 逃亡的;逃走的n. 逃跑;逃走的人
⑨ impact英 ['?mp?kt] 美 [?m'p?kt] n. 影響;效果;碰撞;沖擊力vt. 擠入,壓緊;撞擊;對……產(chǎn)生影響vi. 影響;撞擊;沖突;壓緊(on,upon,with)
⑩radius英 ['re?d??s] 美 ['red??s] n. 半徑,半徑范圍;[解剖]橈骨;輻射光線;有效航程n. (Radius)人名;(意、印尼)拉迪烏斯;(英)雷迪厄斯;(法)拉迪于斯
simulation 英 [,s?mj?'le???n] 美 ['s?mj?'le??n]n. 仿真;模擬;模仿;假裝
shortage 英 ['???t?d?] 美 ['??rt?d?] n. 缺乏,缺少;不足