殷珍珍王曉燕姜相君
作者單位:266000 青島1青島大學(xué)醫(yī)學(xué)院;2青島市市立醫(yī)院消化內(nèi)二科;3青島市市立醫(yī)院國際門診
基礎(chǔ)研究
IL-17基因多態(tài)性與胃癌易感性的關(guān)系
殷珍珍1,2王曉燕3姜相君2
作者單位:266000 青島1青島大學(xué)醫(yī)學(xué)院;2青島市市立醫(yī)院消化內(nèi)二科;3青島市市立醫(yī)院國際門診
目的 探討白介素-17(Interleukin-17,IL-17)基因rs2275913、rs763780多態(tài)性與胃癌易感性的關(guān)系。方法 收集青島地區(qū)355例漢族胃癌患者為胃癌組,同期進(jìn)行健康體檢的300名正常者為對照組,采集兩組患者外周血,提取全血基因組DNA,PCR擴(kuò)增目的基因片段,采用DNA直接測序法檢測IL-17基因rs2275913、rs763780位點(diǎn)基因型,分析其位點(diǎn)多態(tài)性與胃癌易感性的關(guān)系。結(jié)果 胃癌組與對照組IL-17基因rs2275913位點(diǎn)基因型分布差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(χ2=17.192,P<0.001)。與GG基因型相比,攜帶AA基因型的個(gè)體胃癌發(fā)病風(fēng)險(xiǎn)增加,差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(χ2=16.829,P<0.05;OR=2.891,95%CI=1.721~4.857);攜帶GA基因型的個(gè)體胃癌發(fā)病風(fēng)險(xiǎn)增加,但差異無統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(χ2=0.878,P>0.05)。胃癌組與對照組相比,IL-17基因rs763780位點(diǎn)基因型分布差異無統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(χ2=1.381,P>0.05)。結(jié)論 IL-17基因rs2275913 A等位基因的攜帶會增加青島地區(qū)漢族人群胃癌發(fā)病風(fēng)險(xiǎn),IL-17基因rs763780位點(diǎn)多態(tài)性與胃癌發(fā)病風(fēng)險(xiǎn)無明顯相關(guān)性。
胃腫瘤;白介素-17(IL-17);基因多態(tài)性;遺傳易感性
胃癌是常見的惡性腫瘤,在全世界范圍內(nèi)發(fā)病率和病死率較高[1-2]。近年有關(guān)遺傳易感性在胃癌發(fā)生發(fā)展過程中的作用得到越來越多的重視,但其具體致病機(jī)制尚不清楚。慢性炎癥是導(dǎo)致疾病惡性轉(zhuǎn)化的一個(gè)重要因素[3]。大量研究證明炎癥相關(guān)基因的多態(tài)性可能與胃癌的發(fā)生發(fā)展有關(guān),包括腫瘤壞死因子α(tumour necrosis factor-α,TNFα)、IL-1B、IL-1RN、IL-4、IL-6、IL-8和IL-10等[4-9]。白介素-17(Interleukin-17,IL-17)是一個(gè)新型細(xì)胞因子家族,包含IL-17A、IL-17B、IL-17C、IL-17D、IL-17E和 IL-17F等6個(gè)蛋白成員。研究表明IL-17在慢性炎癥性疾病及惡性腫瘤的發(fā)展過程中起重要作用[10]。rs2275913多態(tài)性位點(diǎn)位于IL-17A基因的啟動(dòng)子區(qū),rs763780多態(tài)性位點(diǎn)位于IL-17F基因的外顯子區(qū)。研究發(fā)現(xiàn)IL-17A和IL-17F在各種腫瘤組織中如乳腺癌、胃癌和非小細(xì)胞肺癌中呈過表達(dá)[11-13]。但目前有關(guān)IL-17與胃癌關(guān)系的研究結(jié)果不盡相同[14-17]。因此,本研究選取IL-17基因rs2275913、rs763780多態(tài)性位點(diǎn),探討其與胃癌發(fā)生發(fā)展的關(guān)系。
1.1 研究對象
收集2014年12月至2015年12月于青島市市立醫(yī)院就診的胃癌患者355例(胃癌組),所有患者均經(jīng)組織病理學(xué)證實(shí),并排除合并其他惡性腫瘤或器官功能障礙。同時(shí)選取同期青島市市立醫(yī)院健康體檢中心的健康體檢者300名為對照組,對照組與胃癌組患者的性別、年齡情況匹配。兩組研究對象均為青島地區(qū)漢族人群,且兩組人群無血緣關(guān)系。外周血液標(biāo)本采集均得到研究對象或其親屬的知情同意。研究方案經(jīng)青島大學(xué)醫(yī)學(xué)臨床學(xué)院倫理委員會批準(zhǔn)。
1.2 方法
1.2.1 全血基因組DNA提取 抽取研究對象清晨空腹外周靜脈血液2 mL,置于EDTA抗凝管中,采用血液基因組DNA提取試劑盒(離心柱型,天根生化科技有限公司)提取受試者基因組DNA,用紫外分光光度檢測DNA的濃度,將提取的DNA于-20℃冰箱保存。1.2.2 PCR擴(kuò)增目的基因片段 以IL-17基因組序列為依據(jù),設(shè)計(jì)IL-17基因rs2275913、rs763780位點(diǎn)PCR引物。rs2275913位點(diǎn)引物序列:上游引物為5'-GCCCTTCCCATTTTCCTTCAGA-3',下游引物為5'-CCA ATCAACTGGGGATGGATGA-3';rs763780位點(diǎn)引物序列:上游引物為5'-CTGTTTCCATCCGTGCAGGTC-3',下游引物為5'-TGGTGACTGTTGGCTGCACCT-3'。PCR反應(yīng)體系總體積25μL,含DNA模板4μL,上下游引物各1μL,10×Taq Plus Buffer 5μL,dNTP Mixture 4μL,Taq Plus DNA聚合酶(天根生化科技有限公司)0.5μL,加入ddH2O補(bǔ)足至25μL。PCR反應(yīng)條件:預(yù)變性 95℃5 min;95℃變性30 s,62℃退火30 s,72℃延伸30 s,共35個(gè)循環(huán);72℃終末循環(huán)10 min。取PCR產(chǎn)物2μL,行2%瓊脂糖凝膠電泳。
1.2.3 DNA測序分析基因型 目的基因片段成功擴(kuò)增后,采用ABI 3730測序儀(上海英濰捷基公司)進(jìn)行測序。
1.3 統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)處理
采用SPSS 17.0統(tǒng)計(jì)軟件對數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行統(tǒng)計(jì)分析。對人群基因型頻率分布進(jìn)行Hardy-Weinberg遺傳平衡檢驗(yàn),組間比較采用χ2檢驗(yàn)。采用χ2檢驗(yàn)分析人口統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)和生活方式等特征及各基因型頻率在胃癌組與對照組間差異。分析rs2275913、rs763780位點(diǎn)基因型與胃癌易感性的關(guān)系,以O(shè)R及95%CI表示相對危險(xiǎn)度。以P<0.05為差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義。
2.1 兩組一般資料比較
355例胃癌患者中,男性199例,女性156例;300名健康對照人群中,男性162名,女性138名。胃癌組患者的平均年齡為(58.2±10.1)歲,對照組人群為(55.6±8.5)歲。胃癌組患者吸煙、幽門螺桿菌感染陽性的人數(shù)明顯高于對照組,差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P<0.05)。兩組飲酒人數(shù)差異無統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(χ2=0.251,P=0.617)。見表1。
表1 兩組一般資料比較[n(%)]
(續(xù)表)
2.2 IL-17基因rs2275913、rs763780位點(diǎn)基因型
IL-17基因rs2275913位點(diǎn)PCR擴(kuò)增得到的目的片段長度為196 bp,測序顯示有GG純合型、GA雜合型和AA純合型三種基因型;rs763780位點(diǎn)PCR擴(kuò)增得到的目的片段長度為184 bp,測序顯示有CC純合型、CT雜合型和TT純合型三種基因型。
2.3 Hardy-Weinberg遺傳平衡檢驗(yàn)
Hardy-Weinberg遺傳平衡檢驗(yàn)結(jié)果顯示,胃癌組與對照組基因型頻率的觀察值與期望值差異無統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P>0.05),提示IL-17基因rs2275913和rs763780位點(diǎn)基因型頻率符合遺傳平衡定律,所選樣本具有青島地區(qū)人群代表性。見表2。
2.4 IL-17基因多態(tài)性與胃癌易感性的相關(guān)性
胃癌組與對照組相比,IL-17基因 rs2275913位點(diǎn)基因型分布不同,差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(χ2=17.192,P<0.001);與GG基因型相比,攜帶AA基因型的個(gè)體胃癌易感性較高,差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(χ2=16.829,P<0.05;OR=2.891,95%CI=1.721~4.857),攜帶GA基因型的個(gè)體胃癌發(fā)病風(fēng)險(xiǎn)增加(OR=1.172,95%CI=0.841~1.634),但差異沒有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(χ2=0.878,P>0.05)。胃癌組與對照組相比,IL-17基因rs763780位點(diǎn)基因型分布差異無統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(χ2=1.381,P>0.05)。見表3。
表2 IL-17基因rs2275913、rs763780位點(diǎn)基因型Hardy-W einberg遺傳平衡檢驗(yàn)
表3 IL-17基因位點(diǎn)基因型與胃癌發(fā)病風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的關(guān)系[n(%)]
大量研究證實(shí)慢性炎癥與胃癌的發(fā)生發(fā)展有關(guān)[18-19]。IL-17作為一種重要的促炎細(xì)胞因子,可將單核細(xì)胞和中性粒細(xì)胞聚集至炎癥反應(yīng)的微環(huán)境中,通過各種細(xì)胞類型如間葉細(xì)胞和骨髓細(xì)胞,誘發(fā)多種細(xì)胞因子的產(chǎn)生及分泌趨化因子[20]。此外,IL-17在促進(jìn)抗菌肽的表達(dá)及促進(jìn)宿主防御感染中亦發(fā)揮重要的作用[21]。目前關(guān)于IL-17與胃癌的關(guān)系,多項(xiàng)研究認(rèn)為IL-17可促進(jìn)血管形成,促進(jìn)腫瘤增殖和抑制凋亡,調(diào)控腫瘤的免疫應(yīng)答,從而促進(jìn)腫瘤發(fā)生發(fā)展。IL-17A和IL-17F是由Th17細(xì)胞表達(dá),與調(diào)節(jié)局部組織炎癥反應(yīng)密切相關(guān)[22]。研究證實(shí),在惡性腫瘤病變過程中,IL-17A和IL-17F在固有免疫和適應(yīng)性免疫應(yīng)答中起重要作用[23],多項(xiàng)研究亦證實(shí)IL-17A和IL-17F參與胃癌的發(fā)展[24-25]。但對于IL-17A和IL-17F與胃癌發(fā)病風(fēng)險(xiǎn)之間的關(guān)系,不同的研究結(jié)果具有爭議性。一項(xiàng)日本的研究證明IL-17A rs2275913 G>A多態(tài)性與胃癌易感性相關(guān),并影響胃癌的發(fā)展[26]。國內(nèi)學(xué)者Zhang等[27]為探究IL-17基因多態(tài)性、幽門螺桿菌感染與漢族人群胃癌患病風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的關(guān)系,進(jìn)行一項(xiàng)包含了260例胃癌患者和512名健康者的病例對照研究,測定IL-17基因三個(gè)啟動(dòng)子位點(diǎn)的基因型(rs2275913 G>A、rs3748067 C>T和rs763780 T>C)。結(jié)果顯示,rs2275913 AA基因型和rs3748067 TT基因型與胃癌發(fā)病風(fēng)險(xiǎn)增加相關(guān)。此外還觀察到相對于幽門螺桿菌陰性的個(gè)體,攜帶rs2275913 AA基因型和rs3748067 TT基因型的幽門螺桿菌陽性個(gè)體罹患胃癌的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)明顯增加。一項(xiàng)納入7個(gè)獨(dú)立病例對照研究,共3 210例胃癌患者和3 889名健康對照者的M eta分析結(jié)果顯示,IL-17基因rs2275913 G>A和rs763780 T>C與亞洲人群胃癌發(fā)病風(fēng)險(xiǎn)有顯著相關(guān)性[28]。然而一些研究卻報(bào)道了相反的結(jié)果。Wu等[29]認(rèn)為,在中國人群中,IL-17A rs2275913 G>A基因多態(tài)性與胃癌易感性不相關(guān);Gao等[30]在中國人群中的病例對照研究亦未發(fā)現(xiàn)IL-17A rs2275913 G>A基因多態(tài)性與胃癌患病風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的相關(guān)性。以上研究結(jié)果的差異性可能與IL-17在不同人群中的基因型分布、研究設(shè)計(jì)以及樣本量大小不同有關(guān)。
本研究采用病例-對照研究分析了IL-17基因rs2275913、rs763780位點(diǎn)多態(tài)性與胃癌發(fā)病風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的關(guān)聯(lián)。研究結(jié)果顯示,胃癌組rs2275913 AA基因型分布頻率(19.4%)顯著高于對照組(8.3%),風(fēng)險(xiǎn)基因型AA與胃癌易感性增加密切相關(guān)(OR=2.891)。這提示rs2275913 A等位基因的攜帶可能會增加青島地區(qū)漢族人群胃癌發(fā)病風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。本研究還發(fā)現(xiàn)rs763780位點(diǎn)CT基因型和TT基因型相對于CC基因型的胃癌發(fā)病風(fēng)險(xiǎn)增加,但是兩組基因型分布頻率差異無統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P>0.05),提示rs763780位點(diǎn)多態(tài)性與青島地區(qū)漢族人群胃癌易感性無明顯相關(guān)性。但本研究樣本量較小,這可能限制了相關(guān)性的統(tǒng)計(jì)功效,存在一定局限性。此外,IL-17基因多態(tài)性對胃癌易感性的作用可能被潛在的其他因子影響,因此有關(guān)結(jié)論尚需進(jìn)一步驗(yàn)證。
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[2016-11-23收稿][2017-01-28修回][編輯 羅惠予]
Relationship between IL-17 gene polymorphism and gastric cancer
Yin zhenzhen1,2,Wang Xiaoyan3,Jiang Xiangjun2(1Medical College of Qingdao University;2Department of GastroenterologyⅡ,Qingdao Municipal Hospital;3International Clinic,Qingdao Municipal Hospital,Qingdao 266000,P.R.China)
Jiang Xiangjun.E-mail:drjxj@163.com
Objective To investigate the role of Interleukin-17(IL-17)single-nucleotide polymorphisms(SNPs)rs2275913 and rs763780 in the development of gastric cancer.M ethods A total of 355 Han Chinese patients with gastric cancer and 300 healthy Han Chinese controls were enrolled from the Qingdao area.Genomic DNA was extracted from peripheral blood,and rs2275913 and rs763780 genotypes were determined using PCR-based DNA sequence analysis and direct DNA sequencing.Relationships between the sequences and risk of gastric cancer were explored.Results Frequencies at IL-17 rs2275913 differed significantly between the cancer group and healthy group(χ2=17.192,P<0.001).Subjects with the AA genotype were obviously more susceptible to gastric cancer than those with the GG genotype(χ2=16.829,P<0.05;OR=2.891,95%CI=1.721-4.857).The GA genotype was associated with an increased risk of gastric cancer relative to the GG genotype,but the trend did not achieve significance(χ2=0.878,P>0.05). Frequencies at IL-17 rs763780 were similar between the cancer group and healthy group(χ2=1.381,P>0.05).Conclusions The A allele of IL-17 rs2275913 is associated with increased susceptibility to gastric cancer in Han Chinese from Qingdao.IL-17 rs763780 SNPs show no association with risk of gastric cancer.
Gastric neoplasms;Interleukin-17;Gene polymorphisms;Susceptibility
R735.2
A
1674-5671(2017)01-05
10.3969/j.issn.1674-5671.2017.01.10
青島市市南區(qū)科技發(fā)展資金資助項(xiàng)目(2014-14-040-YY)
姜相君。E-mail:drjxj@163.com