康傳桂

一、詞匯單選專練

1. —You have heard that Smith has been promoted to be sales manager recently， havent you？

—Its nothing to be surprised at. The reason why he has won the trust of customers is that he has a（an） attitude.

A. changeableB. flexible

C. movableD. alternate

2. —Mary， this is Barbara， a famous model from Warner Bros. Entertainment Inc. in New York.

—How do you do？ Im very delighted to make your .

A. identificationB. acquaintance

C. familiarityD. identity

3. With the prices of houses rising， they became extremely anxious they wouldnt have enough money to afford one.

A. in doubtB. in case

C. for fearD. for example

4. Finding recipes in America is ， for most good cooks have a shelf full of cookbooks ranging from locally published recipe collections to national bestsellers like the Betty Crocker Cookbook.

A. as easy as pieB. as clear as mud

C. as large as lifeD. as light as feather

5. This powerful music style addresses issues like love， sex， drugs， politics and death. Often it the accepted values.

A. argues againstB. rebels against

C. fights withD. deals with

6. Digital teaching， as you know， since introduced， has our way of learning， enabling us to focus more in class.

A. tradedB. transformed

C. translatedD. transported

7. —Why didnt you go with us to the movie Star Trek 3？

—I would love to have， but I was engaged.

A. elseB. otherwise

C. somehowD. anyhow

8. —Do you know if the new CEO is willing to meet the director this afternoon？

—， does it？

A. It takes no timeB. It counts for nothing

C. It doesnt hurt to askD. It doesnt make sense

9. To promote a correct understanding of the Basic Law， we need the courage to clarify some points of view and to put the system into practice.

A. artificialB. arbitrary

C. ambiguousD. absolute

10. Friendship does not merely a sharing of activities； it is a sharing of self on a very personal level.

A. involveB. request

C. associateD. deliver

11. It is almost always the case that the police conduct an investigation and look at the evidence that may suggest who the offence.

A. commitsB. commit

C. committedD. will commit

12. Learning must bring joy， for we never forget we learn with pleasure.

A. whenB. what

C. howD. whereendprint

13. I think the experiment supports my theory， but I need to the results a couple of times to make sure that no mistakes were made while collecting the data.

A. get overB. take over

C. hand overD. go over

14. In Beijing opera， performers are required to paint their faces in patterns and colors to help show the and depths of the characters personalities.

A. dimensionsB. certificates

C. occupationsD. consciences

15. The local authorities provide every college student this year with an annual of 4，000 yuan for food and tuition fees.

A. awardB. admission

C. allowanceD. acquisition

16. —Would you mind going to the movies by yourself tonight？

—I am afraid I will feel lonely in the theatre， with no one me.

A. being accompaniedB. accompanied

C. to accompanyD. having accompanied

17. all the work youre putting in， remember that youre probably growing roots not fruit.

A. For fear ofB. Apart from

C. Regardless ofD. In spite of

18. This policy， which used to be very successful， is a ， though it no longer meets the needs of the current situation.

A. sacred cow

B. Pandoras box

C. Mickey Mouse course

D. good Samaritan

19. Pingyao has been listed as a world heritage site by UNESCO its conserved ancient city layout.

A. in charge ofB. in defence of

C. in search ofD. in recognition of

20. Many parents received a message about the class because of hazy days in Beijing.

A. inspectionB. suspension

C. anticipationD. participation

二、完形填空專練

I will remember an unforgettable thing when it happened at the age of sixteen. One day， a poisonous spider bit my right hand， I ran to my mom for 1， but instead of taking me to a doctor， my mom set my hand 2.

After wrapping my hand with several layers of cotton， then soaking it in wine， she put a chopstick into my mouth， and lit the cotton. Heat quickly went through the cotton and began to roast my 3. The sharp pain made me want to scream， but the chopstick 4 it. All I could do was watch my hand burn—one minute， then two minutes—5 mom put out the fire.

At that time there was no doctor available my mother could bring me to see about my spider bite.

For those who study biology， you may have grasped the science 6 my moms cure： heat deactivates proteins， and a spiders venom is 7 a form of protein. Its 8 how that folk remedy actually includes basic biochemistry， isnt it？ But I am a PhD student in biochemistry at Harvard. I now know that better， less 9 and less risky treatments existed. So I cant help but ask myself why I didnt 10 one at that time.endprint

Now I am happy to report that my hand is fine. But this question remains， and I continue to be troubled by the unequal 11 of scientific knowledge throughout the world. Despite the knowledge we have accumulated， we havent been so 12 in deploying it to where its needed most. We constantly see these problems of poverty， illness， and 13 of resources preventing the flow of scientific information. Lifesaving knowledge we take for granted in the modern world is often 14 in underdeveloped regions.

While studying at Harvard， I saw 15 scientific knowledge can help others in simple， yet profound ways. The bird flu in the 2000s looked to my village like a spell cast by devils. When I realized that simple hygiene practices like 16 different animal species could contain the spread of the disease， and that I could help make this knowledge available to my village， that was my first “Aha” moment as a budding scientist.

Harvard dares us to dream big， to aspire to change the world. Here on this Commencement Day， we are 17 thinking of grand destinations and big adventures that await us. As for me， I am also thinking of the farmers in my village. My experience here 18 me how important its for researchers to communicate our knowledge to those 19. Because by using the science we already have， we can probably bring my village and thousands like it into the world you and I take 20 every day. And thats an impact every one of us can make！

1. A. medicineB. help

C. adviceD. decision

2. A. in waterB. on fire

C. in troubleD. on strike

3. A. legB. chest

C. handD. face

4. A. preservedB. forbade

C. cancelledD. prevented

5. A. beforeB. until

C. whenD. while

6. A. besideB. behind

C. afterD. within

7. A. accuratelyB. simply

C. constantlyD. continuously

8. A. coolB. right

C. absurdD. puzzling

9. A. powerfulB. stressful

C. painfulD. regretful

10. A. acceptB. receive

C. adoptD. adapt

11. A. distributionB. donation

C. allocationD. distraction

12. A. involvedB. absorbed

C. successfulD. careful

13. A. separationB. plenty

C. absenceD. lack

14. A. unavailableB. unwanted

C. unexpectedD. unnecessary

15. A. whenB. where

C. howD. why

16. A. dividingB. separating

C. splittingD. breaking

17. A. skilfullyB. probably

C. preferablyD. relativelyendprint

18. A. informsB. recalls

C. remindsD. refers

19. A. in dangerB. in need

C. in orderD. in shape

20. A. for grantedB. for example

C. into considerationD. into practice

三、任務(wù)型閱讀專練

請(qǐng)認(rèn)真閱讀下面短文，并根據(jù)所讀內(nèi)容在文章后表格中的空格里填入最恰當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~。

注意：每個(gè)空格只填1個(gè)單詞。

A

Our world would have been so much more beautiful if we all understood we gave a little love here and there at any time. However， that is not the case， especially when it comes to instilling proper behavior in kids. Behavior modification（BM） techniques were recently created to help in instilling proper behavior in children as well as adults.

Behavior modification refers to establishing various appropriate behaviors in individuals and discouraging those that are not desired. Behavior modification techniques are developed largely according to the principles of operant conditioning by B.F. Skinner， an American behaviorist. These techniques are used in behavior modification treatment that aims to correct and instill appropriate behavior in children.

The commonly used behavior modification techniques are positive reinforcement， negative reinforcement and punishment. Positive reinforcement refers to reinforcing a proper behavior that most desire through the process of rewarding it. This can be done by praising the individual as soon as he performs a desired behavior. Negative reinforcement behavioral strategies are based on the removal of a negative consequence or a behavior because the desired behavior was performed. For example， letting a child not help in washing dishes because he behaved well at a family gathering is a form of negative reinforcement. Punishment is something we all can relate to.

Yes， it is just what it means. However， when put in words， punishment refers to subjecting an individual to a negative condition because of an inappropriate behavior.

The behavior modification techniques for children are mostly based on positive and negative reinforcement. However， parents should realize that these techniques cant be relied upon totally for child behavior modification. Though the behavior modification techniques lead to quick results， a parent should continuously try to cultivate in his child the ability to appreciate the reason why such a behavior is expected of him. This can be done through effective communication and greater focus on the parentchild relationship. As a parent， dont make the reward a monetary one. Try to make it look more like a privilege than a reward. A parent should also be consistent with his technique and apply it whenever there is a chance so that the child gets a clear idea of what is expected and what is not.endprint

Although we talk so much about the role of a parent in bringing positive behavior modification in children， both parents and teachers have equally important roles to play. Teachers play their role through preventive classroom management， teaching skills for solving social problems like alternative thinking， and continuous monitoring of a childs behavior. It is true that there are various behavior modification techniques available for encouraging proper behavior in children. However， there is nothing that can take the place of proper parenting and an affectionate environment.

Techniques for Modifying Behavior

（1） of BM Establishing various appropriate behaviors and discouraging undesirable ones， aiming to correct and instill proper behavior in individuals.

Types of BM techniques● Positive reinforcement： Reinforcing a （2） behavior by means of rewarding it.

● Negative reinforcement：（3） a negative consequence or a behavior.

● Punishment： Subjecting an individual to a negative condition （4） to an improper behavior.

BM techniques for children

● For parents： Realizing these techniques are helpful in leading to quick results， but they are not totally （5）.

Effective ways

● Communicating （6） with children and focus more on childparent relationship.

● Making the reward more of a privilege rather than a reward.

● Remembering to （7） to the same technique and apply it whenever there is a chance.

● For teachers： Realizing both parents and teachers have equally important roles.

Effective ways

● Playing their role through classroom management designed for the （8） of potential problems.

● Teaching （9） skills needed in our society.

● Monitoring childrens behaviors continuously.

（10）Proper parenting and an affectionate environment play an irreplaceable role in encouraging proper behavior in children.

B

Is Cash Becoming Outdated？

When he rolls into a gas station to fill his tank， Barkhad Dahir doesnt get out of his car. He pushes a few buttons on his cellphone and within seconds he has paid for the fuel. With the same quick pushes on his phone， he pays for virtually everything he needs： groceries at the supermarket， a few oranges from a market stall， or a cup of sweet milky tea from a café. “Everyone here has his own bank with easy access，” boasts Mr Dahir. “Even lying in bed， you can be paying your bills.”

Electronic payments offer consumers convenience， provide revenue to banks， credit card companies and payment processors， and offer merchants improved cash flow and convenience. “I dont even carry money any more，” says Adan Abokor， a democracy activist. “I havent seen cash for a long time. Almost every merchant， even hawker （小販） on the street， accepts payment by cellphone. Theres no waiting for it and no counting of cash.”endprint

The system is impressively simple and secure. Purchases are made by dialing a threedigit number， entering a fourdigit PIN， and then entering the retailers payment number and the amount of money. Both customer and merchant receive text messages to confirm the payment.

Clearing up cash payments has several advantages as well. The printing and handling of money is expensive. Cash payments can be anonymous and hard to track criminal activities to be conducted in secret. Many government favor reducing cash dealings in order to better monitor and understand the activities of their citizens. The Swedish government has been discussing the removing of cash since 2010.

However， some people doubt what members of a cashless society do when the power goes off. Do they choose to barter and rob？ Do they sit at home and wait？ What happens to people who rely on their cellphones to process money dealings when cell service and the Internet are interrupted？ A world affected by terrorism and increasingly violent weather may not yet be ready to abandon currency. “Ironically， the day after the largest bank in Norway， DNB， proposed ending all cash dealings， I went to my local grocery store and when I tried to pay by phone， I was told that I needed to go to the ATM to get cash because the system was broken，” said an interviewee.

Other people fear that electronic payments may create security and fraud risks and enable dealings to be tracked and reported.

Privacy， security and convenience are all important factors in the adoption of electronic payment technology. New technologies which balance and address these factors may enable to remove cash.

Is Cash Becoming Outdated？

Passage outlineSupporting details

An example of electronic paymentsBarkhad Dahir claims that he can almost purchase （1） he needs by using his mobile phone.

Reasons for the （2） for electronic payments

● They can be more （3） without waiting in line or counting the cash， whose characteristics include （4） and simplicity.

● They reduce the cost of printing money and allow the government to （5） cash activities.

Possible （6） of electronic payments

● Some people are （7） whether electronic payments can still be effective during times when the power goes off.

● There are （8） that electronic payments may create security and fraud risks.

● It is possible that electronic dealings can be （9） and reported for illegal use.endprint

ConclusionCash is not （10） to be completely replaced unless privacy， security and convenience are balanced and settled.

四、書面表達(dá)專練

請(qǐng)閱讀下面短文，并按照要求用英語寫一篇150詞左右的文章。

He Really Loved His Job

Zhang Chao joined the PLA Navy in 2004 after graduating from a middle school in Yueyang， Hunan Province. He trained as a fighter jet pilot for five years and in 2009 he joined a naval aviation squadron， because flying a J15 above the carrier was Zhang Chaos biggest wish. In March last year， Zhang passed the strict selection procedures and became a pilot in the carrierbased aviation force. Unfortunately， however， when landing after a routine training on his J15 on the afternoon of April， 27， he gave his life because of a sudden malfunction in the flightcontrol system.

As is known to all， it is full of risks to be a fighter jet pilot， especially to be a pilot in the carrierbased aviation force. But Zhang Chao was brave enough to face the challenge. He once said China must develop an aircraft carrier force to safeguard the nation and our interests overseas， and that he longed to serve on a carrier， no matter how risky that would be. As his wife put it， he really loved his job.

【寫作內(nèi)容】

1. 用約30詞寫出上文概要；

2. 用約120詞闡述：

（1） 你對(duì)張超的英勇事跡的認(rèn)識(shí)；

（2） 張超的英勇事跡對(duì)你的影響。

【寫作要求】

1. 寫作過程中不能直接引用原文語句；

2. 作文中不能出現(xiàn)真實(shí)姓名和學(xué)校名稱；

3. 不必寫標(biāo)題。

【評(píng)分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)】

內(nèi)容完整，語言規(guī)范，語篇連貫，詞數(shù)適當(dāng)。

參考答案

一、1—5 BBCAB6—10 BBCCA11—15 CBDAC16—20 CDADB

二、1—5 BBCDB6—10 BBACB11—15 ACDAC16—20 BBCBA

三、A）1. Definition2. desired / proper / appropriate3. Removing4. due / owing / thanks

5. reliable / dependable6. effectively

7. stick / keep8. prevention9. problemsolving10. Conclusion

B）1. everything / whatever2. preference

3. timesaving / convenient4. security5. monitor

6. drawbacks / shortcomings / disadvantages / problems / weaknesses

7. doubtful / skeptical / sceptical8. fears / worries / concerns9. tracked10. likely

四、One possible version：

Zhang Chao， an excellent J15 fighter pilot， died from a sudden malfunction when he was landing. His love of his work in spite of its risks will inspire us forever.

Zhang Chao has set us a good example. The great danger and a lot of risks of flying a jet plane did not prevent him from performing his duties. So， there is no reason for us not to work hard. “He really loved his job” demonstrates not only his devotion to his duties and his courage to overcome all kinds of difficulties， but his loyalty to our country as well.

Zhang Chaos heroic deeds impresses us deeply. As students， we should do as he did. That is to say， we must dedicate ourselves to our studies， and do our best to acquire necessary knowledge and skills. Only by doing so， will we be able to serve our country well in the future.

（作者：康傳桂，海安縣李堡中學(xué)）endprint