張琦,許娜
大連醫(yī)科大學(xué)中山學(xué)院
大學(xué)英語(yǔ)四級(jí)翻譯中詞法的增譯翻譯
張琦,許娜
大連醫(yī)科大學(xué)中山學(xué)院
大學(xué)英語(yǔ)四級(jí)翻譯作為新題型以段落長(zhǎng)句形式出現(xiàn)在近些年的考試中,其中結(jié)合最多的要數(shù)翻譯方法中的增譯法。而本文即是就翻譯方法中增譯法的幾點(diǎn)詞語(yǔ)增譯在大學(xué)英語(yǔ)翻譯中的突出表現(xiàn)和重點(diǎn)體現(xiàn),進(jìn)行有針對(duì)性的總結(jié)和概括。
大學(xué)英語(yǔ)四級(jí)考試;翻譯;翻譯方法;增譯;詞語(yǔ)增譯
英漢兩種語(yǔ)言由于表達(dá)方式不同,在實(shí)際翻譯中為使語(yǔ)義傳達(dá)更加通順準(zhǔn)確,常常需要在翻譯到目標(biāo)語(yǔ)言時(shí)對(duì)源語(yǔ)進(jìn)行增譯。近些年來(lái),大學(xué)英語(yǔ)四級(jí)翻譯中越來(lái)越多的出現(xiàn)對(duì)此種翻譯方法的應(yīng)用考察。值得深思并加以總結(jié)歸納。
什么叫增譯法?一般情況下,為了使譯文忠實(shí)的表達(dá)原文的意思和風(fēng)格,并使譯文合乎表達(dá)習(xí)慣必須在實(shí)際翻譯中增加一些詞語(yǔ),這就叫增譯法。
在大學(xué)英語(yǔ)四級(jí)翻譯題型中,詞語(yǔ)的翻譯中最常見(jiàn)的增譯法體現(xiàn)在以下幾種需要:語(yǔ)法需要,語(yǔ)義需要,文化背景解釋需要。
增補(bǔ)冠詞:
中國(guó)剪紙有一千五百多年的歷史。
Chinese paper cutting has a history of more than 1500 years.
就像每年春節(jié)都會(huì)給的紅包所傳達(dá)的一樣,紅色象征來(lái)年吉祥如意。
So as the red packet which is given every Spring Festival con?veys,red is a symbol of happiness and good luck in the coming year.
但是穿紅色衣服參加葬禮是很不明智的。
But it is not wise to wear red clothes when attending a funeral.
增補(bǔ)介詞:
營(yíng)改增政策的實(shí)行凸顯了一批企業(yè)財(cái)務(wù)人員水平不高的問(wèn)題。由此,提升企業(yè)財(cái)務(wù)人員專(zhuān)業(yè)素質(zhì)刻不容緩。企業(yè)應(yīng)為企業(yè)內(nèi)財(cái)務(wù)人員進(jìn)行業(yè)務(wù)培訓(xùn)提供便利,讓其經(jīng)常性參加由專(zhuān)業(yè)人士舉辦的財(cái)務(wù)知識(shí)講座學(xué)習(xí)等,通過(guò)講座學(xué)習(xí)使財(cái)務(wù)人員掌握良好的企業(yè)財(cái)務(wù)管理方法,更新財(cái)務(wù)管理知識(shí)系統(tǒng),切實(shí)提高財(cái)務(wù)管理水平。
剪紙最常用的顏色是紅色,象征著健康和興旺。
The color most frequently used in paper cutting is red,which sym?bolizes health and prosperity.
增補(bǔ)代詞:
人們常用剪紙來(lái)美化居家環(huán)境。
People often beautify their homes with paper cutting.
文房四寶品類(lèi)繁多。
There is a large variety of these four treasures.
增補(bǔ)連接詞:
Chinese paper cutting is very popular around the world and it is often given as a present to foreign friends.
歷代都有名匠,名品產(chǎn)生,形成了深厚的文化積淀。
Each dynasty in Chinese history saw famous craftsmen appeared and fine works produced,which helped form a profound cultural accu?mulation.
皮影在中國(guó)乃至在世界上都具有很高的藝術(shù)價(jià)值,被世界多國(guó)博物館收藏。
The shadow puppets are of high value of art in China and even in the world,many of which are now collected in several countries’muse?ums all over the world.
要提倡顧全大局。
We should advocate the spirit of taking the whole situation into consideration.
歷代都有名匠,名品產(chǎn)生。
Each dynasty in Chinese history saw famous craftsmen appeared and fine works produced.
皮影戲是中國(guó)古老的民間傳統(tǒng)藝術(shù)。
Shadow play is a kind of traditional folk art in China.
中國(guó)古代的四大發(fā)明曾經(jīng)給古代世界的文化發(fā)展以巨大的推動(dòng)。
The Four Great Inventions in ancient China,namely,paper cut?ting,printing,compass,and gunpowder,greatly advanced ancient civi?lization of the world.
皮影最初由紙制成,后來(lái)改由驢皮和牛皮制作,因此而得名。
Shadow puppets were first made of paper,and from the hides of donkeys or oxen.That is why it is called Pi Ying in mandarin.
作為翻譯方法的增譯法,以以上幾種形式突出反映在近些年來(lái)的大學(xué)英語(yǔ)四級(jí)翻譯題型中,尤其值得關(guān)注和概括總結(jié)。
[1]張培基.論漢英翻譯技巧.中國(guó)對(duì)外翻譯出版公司,1986,北京
[2]朱光潛.談翻譯.中國(guó)翻譯工作者協(xié)會(huì).北京:外語(yǔ)教學(xué)與研究出版社,1984
[3]E.Nida,Towards a Science of Translating,Leiden:E.J.Brill, 1964a,p.159.
Among numerous translation methods,amplification, as one of the most frequently used one,has been applied into a great many sentences translation in Band 4 examination in recent years. This essay aims to summarize the manifestation of word amplification in the exam.
band4 examination;translation;translation methods;amplification;words