觀點(diǎn)

熊林 攝影：曾睿

重慶市商務(wù)委員會(huì)副主任 熊林：

重慶自貿(mào)試驗(yàn)區(qū)將積極對(duì)標(biāo)香港自由貿(mào)易的通行規(guī)則和做法

香港地區(qū)是重慶投資一個(gè)很重要的地區(qū)，投資額的總數(shù)已經(jīng)占了重慶整個(gè)外商投資的一半，雙方的貿(mào)易額也在重慶對(duì)外貿(mào)易中占了很大的一個(gè)比重。香港的服務(wù)貿(mào)易在全世界都是名列前茅的，香港在全球的自貿(mào)區(qū)當(dāng)中做得非常好，很多國(guó)際規(guī)則都是根據(jù)香港的運(yùn)行實(shí)踐總結(jié)出來(lái)的，香港在自由貿(mào)易的運(yùn)行當(dāng)中，在金融、服務(wù)貿(mào)易等走在世界前列。香港的通關(guān)服務(wù)和稅收、社會(huì)管理等很多方面都值得我們借鑒。重慶自貿(mào)試驗(yàn)區(qū)在全國(guó)11個(gè)自貿(mào)區(qū)當(dāng)中要進(jìn)行制度創(chuàng)新，對(duì)標(biāo)香港自由貿(mào)易的一些做法會(huì)讓重慶自貿(mào)試驗(yàn)區(qū)的發(fā)展更迅速、更有效。

關(guān)家明 攝影：曾睿

香港貿(mào)發(fā)局總經(jīng)濟(jì)師 關(guān)家明：

重慶在7個(gè)新自貿(mào)試驗(yàn)區(qū)中經(jīng)濟(jì)特點(diǎn)鮮明

重慶在第三批7個(gè)自貿(mào)試驗(yàn)區(qū)中經(jīng)濟(jì)特點(diǎn)鮮明。首先，GDP增長(zhǎng)率連續(xù)8年保持全國(guó)前列，經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展很有活力。其次，重慶具有內(nèi)陸外向型經(jīng)濟(jì)特征。此前，重慶只有水路與境外相連，而且還要通過上海、香港轉(zhuǎn)口。三峽大壩建成后，長(zhǎng)江成為黃金水道。2011年“渝新歐”班列開通，打通重慶通往歐亞市場(chǎng)的第二條大通道。目前，重慶進(jìn)出口已排名中西部第一位，并成為引進(jìn)外資的重鎮(zhèn)，特別是惠普、宏碁、華碩在重慶投資，帶來(lái)了筆記本電腦等電子產(chǎn)品大產(chǎn)業(yè)。第三，重慶打造金融業(yè)取得成效，正在形成功能性金融中心發(fā)展格局。重慶的金融意識(shí)和創(chuàng)新意識(shí)非常強(qiáng)。2015年，重慶金融業(yè)增加值1400多億元，排名全國(guó)第六位，金融業(yè)整體發(fā)展水平在中西部處于領(lǐng)先位置。去年底，重慶市政府印發(fā)了建設(shè)國(guó)內(nèi)重要功能性金融中心的“十三五”規(guī)劃，確立了重慶金融業(yè)發(fā)展方向，進(jìn)一步提升金融業(yè)功能，包括吸引各種功能的金融機(jī)構(gòu)，發(fā)展特色金融結(jié)算服務(wù)，包括跨國(guó)企業(yè)總部結(jié)算、跨境人民幣結(jié)算、跨境電子商務(wù)結(jié)算及金融要素市場(chǎng)結(jié)算。第四，重慶一直與香港保持密切的金融業(yè)合作基礎(chǔ)。原本香港是重慶主要轉(zhuǎn)口港之一，香港對(duì)重慶的投資項(xiàng)目眾多，包括重慶工業(yè)園。另一方面，香港也是重慶主要境外融資中心，有13家上市企業(yè)，如重慶農(nóng)商行、重慶銀行，雙方合作基礎(chǔ)很好。

應(yīng)堅(jiān) 攝影：曾睿

中國(guó)銀行（香港）高級(jí)經(jīng)濟(jì)研究員 應(yīng)堅(jiān)：

重慶自貿(mào)試驗(yàn)區(qū)要從三個(gè)方面走金融業(yè)創(chuàng)新之路

建議重慶自貿(mào)試驗(yàn)區(qū)從跨境結(jié)算業(yè)務(wù)創(chuàng)新、跨境人民幣業(yè)務(wù)創(chuàng)新、跨境投融資便利等三個(gè)方面走金融業(yè)創(chuàng)新之路。在跨境結(jié)算業(yè)務(wù)創(chuàng)新方面，在“渝新歐”班列及長(zhǎng)江黃金水道、泛亞鐵路進(jìn)一步疏通歐洲—中國(guó)內(nèi)陸—東南亞物流通道基礎(chǔ)上，香港與重慶連手開展轉(zhuǎn)口貿(mào)易、離岸貿(mào)易及電子商務(wù)，形成新的貿(mào)易資金流向；支持發(fā)展總部經(jīng)濟(jì)，將香港跨國(guó)企業(yè)財(cái)務(wù)中心與重慶企業(yè)結(jié)算中心聯(lián)結(jié)起來(lái)，合作拓展跨境財(cái)資業(yè)務(wù)，進(jìn)一步增加離岸結(jié)算量。在跨境人民幣業(yè)務(wù)創(chuàng)新上，人民幣匯率穩(wěn)定及國(guó)際收支趨于平衡，將給重慶與香港帶來(lái)雙向融資的新機(jī)會(huì)，包括從境外借款及向境外放款，靈活利用兩地市場(chǎng)資源。探索在重慶自貿(mào)試驗(yàn)區(qū)內(nèi)租賃企業(yè)在境外開立人民幣賬戶用于跨境租賃業(yè)務(wù)，促進(jìn)非銀行金融機(jī)構(gòu)在境外設(shè)立賬戶便利化，發(fā)展跨境租賃等業(yè)務(wù)創(chuàng)新范疇。創(chuàng)新區(qū)內(nèi)金融機(jī)構(gòu)向境外銷售人民幣理財(cái)產(chǎn)品、區(qū)內(nèi)人民幣基金投資境外項(xiàng)目開展區(qū)域凈頭寸總規(guī)模約束管理、區(qū)內(nèi)企業(yè)開展人民幣境外證券投資等政策構(gòu)思。最后，重慶自貿(mào)試驗(yàn)區(qū)還應(yīng)探索建立與自貿(mào)區(qū)相適應(yīng)的本外幣賬戶管理體系，解決自貿(mào)區(qū)業(yè)務(wù)核心要素，建立重慶與香港深化跨境金融合作的長(zhǎng)效機(jī)制。創(chuàng)新監(jiān)管手段，授予區(qū)內(nèi)銀行更多業(yè)務(wù)自主權(quán)，在風(fēng)險(xiǎn)可控前提下自主開展資金交易業(yè)務(wù)，允許區(qū)內(nèi)企業(yè)和個(gè)人雙向投資境內(nèi)外市場(chǎng)。加強(qiáng)香港與重慶自貿(mào)區(qū)金融業(yè)務(wù)合作，可由離岸結(jié)算開始，進(jìn)而拓展跨境投融資、本外幣發(fā)債、上市融資、現(xiàn)金管理、財(cái)資業(yè)務(wù)、跨境理財(cái)。利用自貿(mào)區(qū)特殊平臺(tái)，支持同業(yè)業(yè)務(wù)合作，打造香港內(nèi)陸離岸結(jié)算及交易中心平臺(tái)。

陳銀華 （圖片由《江北嘴》雜志提供）

《江北嘴》雜志主編 陳銀華

重慶自貿(mào)試驗(yàn)區(qū)將成為重慶對(duì)外開放“新引擎”

2017重慶自貿(mào)試驗(yàn)區(qū)投資合作創(chuàng)新發(fā)展峰會(huì)吸引了約360家單位企業(yè)，近600位代表參加，共同探討重慶自驗(yàn)試驗(yàn)區(qū)建設(shè)發(fā)展，探索創(chuàng)新發(fā)展模式，推動(dòng)其快速發(fā)展，助推重慶自貿(mào)試驗(yàn)區(qū)的開發(fā)開放與經(jīng)貿(mào)合作。作為此次峰會(huì)的承辦方代表，我感到重慶自貿(mào)試驗(yàn)區(qū)建設(shè)將成為重慶提升對(duì)外開放水平的“新引擎”，相關(guān)改革紅利將推動(dòng)高端優(yōu)質(zhì)的要素資源迅速向重慶聚集。將放大重慶的戰(zhàn)略區(qū)位優(yōu)勢(shì)，強(qiáng)化重慶作為西部開放的橋頭堡作用，推動(dòng)重慶區(qū)域經(jīng)濟(jì)的騰飛，帶動(dòng)眾多產(chǎn)業(yè)新一輪的快速發(fā)展。

（圖片除署名外均由香港貿(mào)易發(fā)展局重慶代表處提供）

Hong Kong delegation came to Chongqing to learn cross-border electricity business customs process

The year of 2017 marks the 20th anniversary of Hong Kong’s return to the motherland. On June 22, Liu Guiping, Vice Mayor of Chongqing Municipality, said on the construction and developing seminar of China(Chongqing) Pilot Free Trade Zone, “The application of high standard international trade and economic rules in HK is a benchmarking for China(Chongqing) Pilot Free Trade Zone. We are working on the planning of interconnective cooperation of Chongqing-HK Free Trade Port (Zone). ” What kind of level has the cooperation between Chongqing and HK reached? What are the characteristics of free trade in HK worth learning by Chongqing? On July 15, our journalist made an interview with Mr. Zhou Hong, the representative of Chongqing Office of HK Trade Development Council on related topics.

Hong Kong, The Largest Source of Foreign Capital to Chongqing

This year marks the return of Hong Kong for 20 years and the municipality of Chongqing for 20 years, which is exactly a double joy. Mr. Zhou Hong said that Hong Kong and Chongqing have maintained a very close partnership for the past twenty years: Hong Kong ranks fi rst to Chongqing in no matter the contractual use of foreign capital or the actual use of foreign capital among all the countries and regions. By the end of 2016, Chongqing had 2,827 projects in total from HK with a contractual use of foreign capital of $40.83 billion and an actual use of foreign capital of $47.53 billion. HK-invested actual use of foreign capital accounts for 59.16% of the total number in Chongqing overthese years, which is close to 60%. This shows that the relationship between Hong Kong and Chongqing in foreign investment has been very close. In addition, thirteen companies from Chongqing are listed in Hong Kong, mainly covering the fields like financial, logistics, manufacturing and etc. Hong Kong has been a very important window for the external financing of companies from Chongqing. Although there are many other places in the world for enterprises to be listed, still many mainland enterprises choose to list in HK because HK is the best platform for the whole world’s capital to enter into the mainland enterprises, which is not only due to its close distance to the mainland, but also because HK is a special administrative region under the “one country, two system” policy. Although the threshold for listing in other countries is not so high and the fi nancing will be much easier, the re fi nancing is often not so active. However in HK, whether it is the first financing or refinancing, they will all be very active. A large number of foreign funds in Hong Kong are focusing on the domestic securities capital markets and familiar with the mainland industry.

Hong Kong Trade Development Council Global Representatives Visited Chongqing and organized "Chongqing -Hong Kong: expanding international market" cooperation forum

Strong economic complementarity between HK and Chongqing

Zhou Hong said that the industries of Chongqing and HK are complementary. Hong Kong is dominated by service industry, which accounts for nearly 90% of HK’s GDP. However, since service industry in Chongqing has not reached that level, there is still room for the complementary between Chongqing and HK. What’s more, as light industry in HK is also well-developed, there are many opportunities for cooperation with Chongqing, a city with well-developed heavy industry. The light industry in HK could be transferred to Chongqing in future. As for the service sector of both sides, there is a great deal of cooperation in areas like not only in real estate, but also in accounting, law, brand design, marketing, franchising, film and television, fi nance and etc. For example, in the process of listing the Chongqing Bank in Hong Kong, the service industry in Hong Kong has played a big role. In terms of logistics, Hong Kong Trade Development Council had just organized a delegation of a logistics enterprise in HK to investigate in Chongqing. They showed great interest in Chongqing-Sinkiang-Europe International Railway, hoping to conduct cooperation in this area with the logistics enterprises in Chongqing. In recent years, some light industries in Hong Kong also have entered into Chongqing, mainly involving the industries like electronics, clothing, glasses and etc. In the fi elds of life service, more and more HK-invested tea cafes, café, educational training institutions and catering enterprises come to Chongqing. Behind the boring statistics, you can see that HK has been widely integrated into the life of Chongqing people.

Learn from HK is to learn from the world

Hong Kong is widely known as the freest economy in the world. And by 2017, HK has been named the world’s freest economy for 23 years continuously by the American Heritage Foundation with a even larger margin than the second-placed Singapore. Before the reunification, HK had been the freest economy in the world and still is after 20 years. It is very rare to be chosen as the freest economy for 23 years continuously. There are 12 items in the assessmentreport and 8 of which in HK scored 90+points. In addition, Hong Kong ranks first among the 180 economies of the world in financial health, trade freedom and financial freedom. Thus HK is globally recognized the freest, most open and versatile free port.

Zhou Hong believed that the reason for Chongqing Pilot Free Trade Zone to learn from Hong Kong is for its leading position in the global free economies. “Hong Kong is a special administrative region under the ‘one country, two system’ policy. As we are one nation with the same culture and background, the communication and exchange between us will be very easy for mutual learning and promotion.” This is also one of the important reasons for Chongqing Pilot Free Trade Zone to learn from Hong Kong. From the perspective of bilateral economic and trade cooperation, Hong Kong is the largest source of foreign capital to Chongqing over the years. Through the benchmarking, as the standard of two sides will become closer, it will be much easier to introduce the funds and industries from Hong Kong. In the future, as Chongqing Pilot Free Trade Zone will surly dock with world, it will be more convenient to connect and enter into the international market through Hong Kong.

The benchmarking has to be combined with trade

He believes that the benchmarking has to be combined with trade. From the perspective of economic system, Hong Kong is a free port without tariff. The import and export of goods as well as the fl ow of people, capital and information are all without hindrance. Chongqing, combined with its own feature could also make some innovation and exploration in these areas. With a small government, big society and low tax system, Hong Kong runs things according to the market orientation and international standards. Another important thing is the national treatment, especially the national treatment before entering. Mr. Zhou suggested that Chongqing should pay more attention to the introduction of high-quality talents and the convenience of scientific and technological information and business information retrieval. At the same time, he also suggested that the experts and scholars in Chongqing should strengthen the understanding and research on the function of the international legal arbitration function of Hong Kong to facilitate the docking with international standards as soon as possible from the area of legal affairs.

Mr. Zhou said that the construction of Chongqing Pilot Free Trade Zone can draw lessons from the experience of HK in the innovation of trade and investment system, trade liberalization and investment facilitation to provide possibilities for the development of more industries in free trade zone and create new related industries, which can optimize the development and layout of other industries. Hong Kong is highly developed in service industry with two culture and three languages, good international norms, a broad international network as well as the abundant reserves of talents. He hoped that further cooperation of two sides would be carried out in areas like finance, logistics, trade, exhibition economy and so on. Enterprises in two places could exploit their advantages of free trade zone to the full, bringing more space for development. Zhou Hong finally mentioned, as the port in the past usually existed by the sea and river, the economic development of China is developed from the coastal areas with ports. But now the concept of port has changed greatly. With the exploitation of inland, the inland railway port also is called as“l(fā)and port”. Since Chongqing is the junction and hub for the Belt and Road and the Yangtze River Economic Zone, Chongqing will surly usher in a great development space with the increasingly intense logistics between the western China and Europe. We look forward to the development of Chongqing!

Xiong Lin, deputy director of Chongqing Commerce Commission:

Chongqing Pilot Free Trade Zone will actively learn rules and practices of Hong Kong’s free trade.

As a major investor in Chongqing, the total value of Hong Kong’s investment accounts for nearly 50 per cent of the whole foreign investment. And the volume of trade between the two sides also accounts for a large proportion of Chongqing's foreign trade. Hong Kong's service trade is among the best in the world. Hong Kong has done a very good job in the global free trade area, and many international rules have been summed up according to the operation practice of Hong Kong. In its process of free trade, the fi nance and service trade of Hong Kong take its place in the front ranks in the world. Hong Kong’s customs clearance services and taxes, social management and many other aspects are worth learning for us. As one of 11 national free trade zones, Chongqing Free Trade Zone should carry on system innovation. To practice benchmarking of Hong Kong’s free trade will usher in a faster and more effective development to Chongqing Pilot Free Trade Zone.

Nicholas Kwan, chief economist of Hong Kong Trade Development Council:

Chongqing enjoys a special economic feature among 7 new free trade zones

Chongqing enjoys special economic features among the third batch of seven free trade zone. First, Chongqing maintains its GDP growth rate for 8 consecutive years in the forefront of the country and economic development is very dynamic. Second, Chongqing has an export-oriented economy. Previously, Chongqing was connected only to waterways and should transmit its products via Shanghai and Hong Kong. After the completion of the Three Gorges Dam, the Yangtze River became a golden waterway. After the opening of Chongqing-Sinkiang-Europe International Railway in 2011, Chongqing has its second way to Eurasian market. At present, Chongqing’s import and export has been ranked fi rst in the Midwest, and become the center of the introduction of foreign capital, especially HP, Acer, ASUS’s investment in Chongqing, bringing notebook computers and other electronic industry to this city. Third, Chongqing has achieved success in the construction of the banking business and the development pattern of functional fi nancial centers is taking shape. Chongqing has a strong sense of fi nance and innovation. In 2015, Chongqing's banking business increased by about 140 billion yuan, ranking sixth in the country, and the overall development of the banking business was in the lead in the Midwest. At the end of last year, the Chongqing municipal government issued the "13th Five-Year" plan which aims to create an important functional financial center in China. It established the direction of the development of Chongqing's financial industry. Chongqing prepared to further enhance the function of its fi nancial industry including fi nancial institutions that attract various functions and characteristic financial settlement services, including settlement of multinational enterprises' headquarters, crossborder RMB settlement, cross-border e-commerce settlement and fi nancial factor market settlement. Fourth, Chongqing has maintained close cooperation with Hong Kong on the basis of the fi nancial industry. Originally, Hong Kong was one of the major transit ports for Chongqing. Hong Kong invested a large number of projects in Chongqing, including Chongqing Industrial Park. Hong Kong, on the other hand, is also a major offshore financing center in Chongqing. There are 13 companies including Chongqing Rural Commercial Bank and Chongqing Bank, which chose Hong Kong as major offshore fi nancing center. Both sides have a good foundation of cooperation.

Ying Jian, senior economic researcher, The Bank of China in Hong Kong:

There are three aspects for Chongqing Pilot Free Trade Zone to its road of innovation in the banking business.

He proposed that Chongqing Pilot Free Trade Zone can realize its road to the innovation of banking business in three aspects like innovation in cross-border settlement business, cross-border RMB business and convenient cross-border investment and financing. In the aspect of innovation in cross-border settlement business, on the basis of Europe—China inland—Southeast Asia Logistics Corridor went through by Chongqing-Sinkiang-Europe International Railway, golden waterway of the Yangtze River, Trans-Asian Railway, Hong Kong and Chongqing jointly develop offshore trade and transit trade, electronic commerce to form new trade fl ows. Chongqing should support the the development of the headquarters economy, linking the fi nancial center of Hong Kong's multinational enterprises with the settlement center of Chongqing enterprise to jointly expand cross-border fi nancing business and to further increase the amount of offshore settlement. In the innovation of cross-border RMB business, the stability of the RMB exchange rate and the balance of international payments will lead to new opportunities for two-way fi nancing between Chongqing and Hong Kong including borrowing from overseas and lending overseas, which also can make use of the market resources of both places fl exibly. We should lease enterprises within the Chongqing Pilot Free Trade Zone to open renminbi accounts overseas for crossborder leasing business to promote non bank fi nancial institutions to facilitate the establishment of accounts abroad, and develop cross-border leasing business. Policies like encouraging fi nancial institutions in free trade zone to sale Renminbi fi nancial products to overseas, RMB funds to invest in overseas projects in the region, regional money supply to carry out constrain management of total scale, enterprises in the region to carry out RMB overseas securities investment. Finally, the Chongqing Pilot Free Trade Zone should also explore and establish a foreign currency account management system adapted to itself, to solve the core elements of business in free trade zone, and establish long-term mechanism for deepening cross-border fi nancial cooperation between Chongqing and Hong Kong. It is necessary for us to innovate supervision means. We should grant more autonomy to the banks within the region and let them to independently carry out the fund trading business under the premise of risk control, and allow enterprises and individuals in the region to invest both in China and abroad. We should strengthen the fi nancial cooperation between Hong Kong and Chongqing, which can start from offshore settlement, and then expand cross-border investment and fi nancing, foreign currency bonds, listed fi nancing, cash management, fi nancial services, cross-border fi nancing. With special platforms in the free trade zone, we can support inter industry business cooperation, to build Hong Kong inland offshore settlement and trading center platform.

Chen Yinhua, chief editor of Jiangbeizui Magazine:

Chongqing Pilot Free Trade Zone will Become a "new engine" for Chongqing's opening-up

About 360 enterprises and near 600 representatives took part in the 2017 Investment Cooperation Innovation and Development Summit of Chongqing Pilot Free Trade Zone. They jointly explored the construction and development of Chongqing Pilot Free Trade Zone and the innovative development model of Chongqing Pilot Free Trade Zone to promote its rapid development, boosting the development, opening up and economic and trade cooperation of the Chongqing Free Trade Zone. As a representative of the organizer of the summit, I felt that Chongqing free trade zone construction will become the new engine of Chongqing to enhance the level of opening-up, and the related reform dividend will promote resource elements of high quality quickly to gather in Chongqing. It will enlarge the strategic advantage of Chongqing, strengthen Chongqing as a bridgehead role in the opening of western region. The economic booming of Chongqing will be promoted by those advantages and many industries also will usher in a new round of development.

(Pictures are provided by Chongqing Representative Of fi ce of Hong Kong Trade Development Council.)

Hong Kong, The Largest Source of Foreign Capital to Chongqing
Chongqing Pilot Free Trade Zone: Learn from HK is to learn from the world

Article/Journalist Zeng Rui

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