李佳

Abstract：Starting from the background of its birth， this paper studies the application of surrealism in photography， and explores the reasons why surrealism is widely used in photography.

Key words：photography； surrealism； creativity； ideas

1. Introduction

The photographers began to serve not only for others， but for the photography tour of their own service. They serve their own thinking and serve their inner world， and they begin to take the road of "dreaming as real". Shutter， for surrealism photographers， is not a mechanical tool created by the development of technology， but a transducer that transforms their thinking into reality， which satisfies all kinds of illusions of photographers. Since then， photographers began stitching their dreams through the surface to cognitive the world； they began to "create the future"， let the dream and reality； they can use it to vent and express， and a powerful and unconstrained style relaxed； they began to travel any among them， have no fear will be attached to create the above conjecture teacher； creation of illusion and reality of their synthesis and abstract， concrete， so as to achieve a kind of artistic creation， with a soul of art is energy， namely surrealism photography.

2. The development of surrealism in photography

（I） the origin of Surrealism

Surrealism originated from dada， which prevailed in the literary and artistic circles of Europe from 1920 to 1930. "Surrealism"， first appeared in 1918 and the opera "，" the breast's subtitled "surreal drama". In the declaration of surrealism， published in 1924 by French writer Bredon， "surrealism is a pure spiritual unconsciousness of human beings." People can use the real process of expressing their thoughts in oral， written or other ways -- free activities of thought without any control of reason and without any aesthetic or moral prejudices. This symbolizes the formal start of the surrealism as a literary trend of thought and the first sharp art movement.

（2） the application of surrealism in photographic creation

The birth of every kind of art can not be separated from the background of its time. After all， art is created by people， and the time affects people's thinking.

The end of the first World War did not bring too much joy to people， and it was an indelible pain to the people. The whole world， regardless of its economy， technology and production level， has suffered a serious blow. People's life difficult， devastated. In this social background， people's thoughts are deeply influenced by them. The whole society is full of pessimism， and the feeling of desire and desire diffuses. And the social feelings of artists are more intense. They feel the destructive wind coming from all directions to them everyday， and rational beliefs begin to collapse. Technology development and promotion of science and technology has rich social， began to doubt. These artists begin to express the interpretation of their own inner world， and a new school， super realism was born.

So， surrealist photography is an emancipation of photography.

3. The reasons for the widespread application of surrealism photography to photography

（1） the personal style of the photographer

For some photographers， they no longer to reality to find subjects， but shut the door behind closed doors， this had appeared similar to the plot of the photo stills. Photography gradually evolved from "take" from real life to "make" to create the image of his own mind. This change from take to make lets photography release imagination. Through the design， to create a scene， at the mercy of the scene， deliberately showing a departure from real life scene， let a person produce absurdity， aims to convey is a concept， get rid of the shallow exploration process without means of entanglement， the photographer tries to photography show media， analysis of all things， lead to deeper thought more and the.

Surrealism photography can express people's real feelings in the bottom of their hearts， whether you are resentment， sorrow， sadness， melancholy， bewilderment or joy， pursuit and happiness. It is not influenced by the outside world， and there is no one or less thing to interfere with. A photographer has his own work on the heart， which can be created by his own instinct or the existence of a subconscious mind. In this way， the most primitive and true emotions of human beings are expressed.

（2） to replace the traditional digital darkroom darkroom provides convenience for the creation of

With the development of science and technology， photography in digital era， in this few years， digital technology emerges to subvert the traditional concept of photography for 160 years， which also includes darkroom techniques， image post-processing technique from the traditional darkroom step into digital bright room， various a variety of photo effects mouse generated immediately， completely in the past a few people have difficulty in the darkroom of patent technology （such as tone， tone separation； midway exposure； multi base synthesis） into a simple， time-saving easy to master， greatly enhance the visual effect and the quality of mass shooting photos. The photographer has no need to print multiple superimposed in the darkroom， the creation of a dream of the surreal photography -- all of which need PS software can easily fix， which greatly enhance the efficiency of photographers. If the photographer wants to combine two seemingly unrelated two things on the same screen， these articles can be taken separately， and then use the PS software one by one and other post matting create multiple layers， and then， in accordance with their own wishes， zoom position， adjust the tonal arrangement etc. Finally， to want to pursue the picture effect.