建筑設(shè)計(jì)：直向建筑

1 總平面/Site plan

2 鳥瞰/Aerial view

3 草圖/Sketch

4 從閱覽空間看庭院/Courtyard view from reading space

所城里社區(qū)圖書館，作為即將在煙臺廣仁藝術(shù)區(qū)內(nèi)興建的芝罘學(xué)館的先行派出機(jī)構(gòu),選址于煙臺城市起源——所城里老街區(qū)西北角一處四合院內(nèi)。改造前，院內(nèi)留存的3間廂房在歷史悠久的張家祠堂后院，歷經(jīng)時(shí)間與住戶更迭，表面雜亂，空間內(nèi)卻蘊(yùn)藏著復(fù)雜的元素與信息。在我們看來，來自不同年代的加建結(jié)構(gòu)是十分寶貴的“時(shí)間痕跡”。當(dāng)改造介入時(shí)，如何處理新與舊的關(guān)系，讓院子滿足當(dāng)代生活方式的需求，成為我們設(shè)計(jì)關(guān)注的重點(diǎn)。

首先，我們對原有院落中的墻面、門窗、屋架、鋪地等構(gòu)造系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行了梳理與修復(fù)。在此基礎(chǔ)上，設(shè)計(jì)選擇將一套回廊系統(tǒng)植入歷史院落，而非將舊有建筑完全封存起來?；乩认到y(tǒng)重塑了進(jìn)入院落空間的秩序與層次，使院落的空間劃分從“一”到“多”, 確立了基本的空間使用格局：一個(gè)可供靈活使用的戶外場地以及4處綠化院落。回廊系統(tǒng)在入口處伸入胡同巷道，具有一定昭示性；它同時(shí)串聯(lián)起了社區(qū)圖書館包括入口、閱覽室、咖啡廳、展廳和衛(wèi)生間在內(nèi)的各個(gè)功能空間，也為戶外活動延展提供更多的場地。在特殊天氣情況下，廊道亦可充當(dāng)避雨的場所。

Suochengli Neighbourhood Library, as a satellite branch of the Chefoo Institute and Library, locates in a traditional Chinese courtyard in the northwest corner of Yantai's historic district of Suochengli.Before the renovation, three rooms in the backyard of historic Zhang Ancestral Hall revealed an intricacy of information and elements. Although the original conditions might appear messy, in our point of view, the added structures by local residents in the past years embrace precious traces of time.In order to accommodate the courtyard with needs of contemporary lifestyle, the focus of our design became how to deal with the relationship between the old and new.

Firstly, we did a systematic reorganising and restoring of the original walls, doors, windows, roof truss, flooring and other architectural elements.At the same time, we established a cloister system for this courtyard house, reframing the courtyard into several smaller sections, including a multifunctional public space at the centre and three parts of vegetation on the sides. At the entrance,the cloister opened out into the alley of Suochengli neighbourhood as a gesture of invitation for the public. Within the courtyard, the cloister connected all the programmes, including the entrance, reading space, café, gallery and restroom, creating space for outdoor activities. The cloister would also function as a rain shelter in bad weather conditions.

耐候鋼作為材料介入到舊有院落，本身既是結(jié)構(gòu)，同時(shí)也可形成空間界面。其較為暗沉的顏色與老的磚、石、瓦以及植物相互映襯?；乩认到y(tǒng)的鋼結(jié)構(gòu)主要由彎折的鋼板與門型鋼柱構(gòu)成。在構(gòu)造的整合性思考中，我們嘗試將建筑中的工程問題轉(zhuǎn)化為空間體驗(yàn)建立起一種切入途徑：彎折的動作本身使鋼板變成結(jié)構(gòu)，從而省去了一般意義上的主、次梁系統(tǒng)；在兼具組織排水功能的同時(shí)也讓整個(gè)結(jié)構(gòu)系統(tǒng)產(chǎn)生一種輕盈的漂浮感。在結(jié)構(gòu)上，鋼可以做得非常輕?。?mm厚的鋼板和直徑40mm的實(shí)心鋼柱成為材料的細(xì)薄邊界與支撐立柱，也反映出新的植入空間與原建筑之間的歷史重量對應(yīng)關(guān)系。

我們相信建筑應(yīng)該以智慧的方式重新激活空間的歷史信息，與社區(qū)原有的肌理發(fā)生關(guān)系。建成后的所城里圖書館，在留存社區(qū)原本的生活方式與節(jié)奏的同時(shí)，也實(shí)踐著當(dāng)代的文化與審美意圖。在新舊共生的建筑空間內(nèi)，我們希望更多源于社區(qū)內(nèi)核的能量、活力被激發(fā)，并將輻射到更大范圍以實(shí)現(xiàn)知識生產(chǎn)、傳播與空間共享?！?/p>

Weathering steel, a new material introduced to the existing courtyard, would serve as the structure as well as the spatial interface. Its muted colouration would sit well with the tones of old brick, stone, tile and greenery. The bent steel canopy was suspended by the gantry-like frame. The bent steel plate became structure itself and served in place for the beam system. It also functioned technically as a rain gutter and visually as an element of lightness. The 8 mm thick steel plate articulated the delicate edge of the material and the 40mm-diametre steel columns supported the cloister system, indicating the historic weight of the new intervention in comparison to the old house.

We believe that the architecture of our time should, in an intelligent way, reveal and reactivate the historical assets and local cultures. The library would retain both the lifestyle and pace of the local community as the practice of contemporary culture and aesthetics of modern society. Within the space, where a dialogue between the new and the old would be cultivated, the energy and vitality from local communities could be stimulated, further contributing to the knowledge production and dissemination as well as space sharing.□

5 入口原狀/Original condition of entrance

6 入口/Entrance

7 入口/Entrance

8 軸測/Axonometrix

9 剖面/Section

項(xiàng)目信息/Credits and Data

地點(diǎn)/Location: 煙臺市芝罘區(qū)時(shí)彥街12號，山東，中國/No.12 Shiyan Street, Chefoo District, Yantai, China

業(yè)主/Client: 煙臺創(chuàng)源文化傳媒有限公司/Yantai Chuangyuan Culture Communication Co., Ltd.

主持建筑師/Principal Architect: 董功/DONG Gong

項(xiàng)目建筑師/Project Architect: 張菡/ZHANG Han

建造管理/Construction Management:周飏/ZHOU Yang

駐場建筑師/Site Architect: 趙丹/ZHAO Dan

項(xiàng)目成員/Design Team: 陳周杰，趙丹，Jacopo Ruggeri，李思敏，譚業(yè)千/CHEN Zhoujie, ZHAO Dan, Jacopo Ruggeri, LI Simin, TAN Yeqian

結(jié)構(gòu)及設(shè)備專業(yè)/Structural and MEP Consultants: 馬智剛，趙曉雷，韓工/MA Zhigang, ZHAO Xiaolei, HAN Gong材料/Material: 耐候鋼、水刷石、禾香板/Weathering steel, pebbledash, melamine board

建筑面積/Floor Area: 150m2

設(shè)計(jì)周期/Design Period: 2016.12-2017.01

建設(shè)周期/Construction Period: 2017.03-2017.07

攝影/Photos: 蘇圣亮/SU Shengliang (fig.2,4,6,7,11,12,15,18-20), 直向建筑/Vector Architects (fig.5,13,14), 朱銳/ZHU Rui(fig.16,17)

10 首層平面/Ground floor plan

11 從南側(cè)看閱覽空間及庭院/Reading space and courtyard view from the south side

14 使用狀態(tài)/In use

15 庭院/Courtyard

16 回廊/Cloister

17 內(nèi)景/Interior view

18 使用中的庭院/Courtyard in use

19 黃昏時(shí)的閱覽空間/Evening view of reading space

評論

石克輝：設(shè)計(jì)師在設(shè)計(jì)中通過連廊將各個(gè)空間串聯(lián)起來，院子雖小但是各種功能屬性的劃分使得原先單一的空間變得豐富。設(shè)計(jì)者也從基地本身出發(fā)，積極地提取原有建筑中的色彩、材質(zhì)、空間、形體等元素，盡可能地減小連廊的介入對其原有建筑的影響，設(shè)計(jì)周到、細(xì)致，但設(shè)計(jì)的手法略顯同質(zhì)，作為一個(gè)地域性明顯的歷史街區(qū)更新計(jì)劃，在建筑設(shè)計(jì)的過程中應(yīng)當(dāng)多考慮街區(qū)中的人群屬性和生活方式，讓建筑更加具有“在地性”和“人氣”。

Comments

SHI Kehui: The designer connects all the spaces with a corridor. Though it is a small yard, the clear division of different functions realises a lavish space that used to be simple. The design also pays attention to the base itself and actively extracts the elements of the original architecture like the colour, material, space, and shape,in order to reduce the influence of the corridor upon the original architecture. The design is considerate and meticulous, but the method is a little bit homogeneous.As a renovation plan for a historic block with apparent local characteristics, the architectural design should give more considerations to the people and their life style in the block, so as to endow the architecture with more "locality" and "popularity".

鮑威：這個(gè)院子改造前的狀態(tài)代表了眾多北方民居破敗的現(xiàn)實(shí)。如何通過巧妙的經(jīng)營，將老宅賦予新生，本項(xiàng)目提供了一個(gè)巧妙的思路。原有建筑的立面沒有被觸碰，而是通過插入一個(gè)和其質(zhì)感、尺度、肌理完全對立的廊道系統(tǒng)來將外部空間激活：砌體的粗糙與鋼材的細(xì)膩、木梁的粗壯與鋼柱的纖細(xì)、灰墻的斑駁與金屬黑色的單純。鋼柱廊不僅增加了景觀的層次和提供了人們室外活動的遮蔽，而且將老宅的歷史滄桑帶到了今天。

BAO Wei: The status of this yard before renovation represents the actual conditions of many torn folk houses in North China. This project provides an ingenious thought concerning how to input new life to an old building via artful operation. Without touching the original fa?ade, a corridor system that is totally opposite to the texture and scale of the construction was introduced into the site to activate the exterior space:the roughness of the brickwork and the exquisiteness of the steel, the thickness of the beam and the slenderness of the steel pillar, the mottled grey wall and the pure darkness of the metal. The steel pillar corridor not only adds the layers of the scene and provides shelter for people's outdoor activity, but also brings the sense of history of the old architecture to the present.

20 閱覽空間與回廊/Reading space and cloister