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白介素17單克隆抗體對變應性鼻炎小鼠氣道炎癥的作用

2019-11-15 08:36董慶喆谷海燕張念凱連媛媛徐禛史海磊姜曉丹
醫(yī)學信息 2019年19期
關(guān)鍵詞:變應性鼻炎小鼠

董慶喆 谷海燕 張念凱 連媛媛 徐禛 史海磊 姜曉丹

摘要:目的 ?探討白介素17單克隆抗體(IL-17mAb)的不同給予劑量及方式在變應性鼻炎小鼠氣道炎癥中的作用。方法 ?將48只小鼠采用隨機數(shù)字表法分為A、 B、 C、 D、 E、 F組,每組8只。分別于第0、 7、 14 d將20 μg卵清蛋白(OVA)加2 mg鋁佐劑腹腔注射處理A、C、D、E及F組小鼠,間隔7 d,第22天開始進行鼻腔激發(fā),每天每側(cè)鼻孔各給予OVA 10 μl(共500 μg)滴鼻,連續(xù)7 d。A、C、D、E組小鼠于每次OVA鼻腔激發(fā)前1 h分別給予生理鹽水、100 ng IL-17mAb、500 ng IL-17mAb、5 μg IL-17mAb滴鼻,F(xiàn)組小鼠于每次OVA鼻腔激發(fā)前4 h給予5 μg IL-17mAb腹腔注射,B組小鼠于相同時間點給予等量生理鹽水腹腔注射及滴鼻。所有小鼠于最后1次激發(fā)后評估鼻部癥狀學變化,Diff-Quik染色觀察鼻腔灌洗液(NLF)中嗜酸性粒細胞浸潤情況,ELISA方法檢測血清及NLF中IL-6、IL-10水平,鼻黏膜組織行甲苯胺藍染色觀察肥大細胞。結(jié)果 ?4周末A組所有小鼠癥狀學評分均>5分,提示造模成功。F組小鼠的撓鼻及噴嚏次數(shù)均少于A組(P<0.05);F組小鼠NLF中嗜酸性粒細胞數(shù)、血清IL-6水平低于A組,血清及NLF中IL-10水平均高于A組(P<0.05);E組小鼠血清中IL-10水平高于A組(P<0.05);A組小鼠鼻黏膜組織中肥大細胞數(shù)多于B組,統(tǒng)計學意義顯著(P<0.01);F組小鼠鼻黏膜組織中肥大細胞數(shù)少于A組,但差異無統(tǒng)計學意義(P>0.05);F組小鼠鼻黏膜組織中肥大細胞數(shù)與B組比較,差異無統(tǒng)計學意義(P>0.05)。結(jié)論 ?高劑量的(5 μg)IL-17mAb腹腔注射處于激發(fā)階段的變應性鼻炎小鼠促使小鼠變應性鼻炎癥狀明顯減輕,鼻腔灌洗液嗜酸性粒細胞減少。促使變應性鼻炎小鼠血清中IL-6表達降低,血清中及鼻腔灌洗液中IL-10表達升高,因此推測這些細胞因子的變化可能抑制Th17/促進Treg的分化,進而對變態(tài)反應產(chǎn)生抑制作用。

關(guān)鍵詞:白介素17單克隆抗體;鼻炎;變應性;小鼠;氣道炎癥

中圖分類號:R765.21 ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?文獻標識碼:A ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1006-1959.2019.19.018

文章編號:1006-1959(2019)19-0058-05

Effect of Interleukin-17 Monoclonal Antibody on Airway Inflammation

in Mice with Allergic Rhinitis

DONG Qing-zhe1,GU Hai-yan2,ZHANG Nian-kai3,LIAN Yuan-yuan3,XU Zhen3,SHI Hai-lei2,JIANG Xiao-dan3

(Department of Biological Specimen1,Department of Pathology2,Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery3,

Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University,Qingdao 266003,Shandong,China)

Abstract:Objective ?To investigate the effects of different doses and modes of interleukin-17 monoclonal antibody (IL-17mAb) on airway inflammation in mice with allergic rhinitis. Methods ?48 mice were randomly divided into groups A, B, C, D, E, and F, with 8 rats in each group. On the 0th, 7th, and 14th d, 20 μg of ovalbumin (OVA) plus 2 mg of aluminum adjuvant were intraperitoneally injected into mice of group A, C, D, E and F at intervals of 7 d. The nasal challenge began on the 22nd d. 10 μl (500 μg total) of OVA was administered to each nostril on each day for 7 d. Group A, C, D, and E mice were given normal saline, 100 ng IL-17 mAb, 500 ng IL-17 mAb, and 5 μg IL-17 mAb nasally 1 h before each OVA nasal challenge. Group F mice were given. 5 μg of IL-17mAb was intraperitoneally injected 4 h before OVA nasal challenge, and group B mice were given the same amount of normal saline intraperitoneal injection and nasal drops at the same time point. All mice were evaluated for nasal symptom changes after the last challenge. Diff-Quik staining was used to observe eosinophil infiltration in nasal lavage fluid (NLF). ELISA was used to detect the level of IL-6 and IL-10 in serum and NLF.The nasal mucosa was stained with toluidine blue for observation of mast cells.Results ?After 4 weeks, all mice in group A had a symptoms score of >5, suggesting successful modeling. The number of sneezing and sneezing in group F was lower than that in group A (P<0.05). The number of eosinophils ?in NLF and serum IL-6 of group F were lower than those in group A, IL-10 in serum and NLF of group F was higher than that of group A (P<0.05). The level of IL-10 in serum of group E was higher than that of group A (P<0.05). The number of mast cells in nasal mucosa of group A was higher than that of group B,the difference was significant (P<0.01). The number of mast cells in nasal mucosa of group F was less than that of group A, but the difference was not statistically significant (P>0.05). The number of mast cells in nasal mucosa of group F was similar to group B,there was no significant difference in the B group (P>0.05). Conclusion ?High-dose (5μg) IL-17mAb intraperitoneal injection of allergic rhinitis mice in the stimulating phase promotes a significant reduction in allergic rhinitis in mice and a decrease in eosinophils in nasal lavage fluid. Decrease the expression of IL-6 in the serum of mice with allergic rhinitis, and increase the expression of IL-10 in serum and nasal lavage fluid. Therefore, it is speculated that changes in these cytokines may inhibit Th17/promoting the differentiation of Treg, thereby inhibiting allergic reactions.

Key words:Interleukin-17 monoclonal antibody;Rhinitis;Allergic;Mouse;Airway inflammation

變應性鼻炎(allergic rhinitis,AR)是特應性機體接觸過敏原后主要由IgE介導的多種細胞因子參與的鼻黏膜非感染性疾病,是常見呼吸道慢性疾病[1]。有資料表明,AR與Th1、Th2、Th17和Treg等細胞參與的免疫失衡有著密切聯(lián)系[2]。白細胞介素17A(IL-17A)是近年發(fā)現(xiàn)的由Th17等多種細胞產(chǎn)生的細胞因子,可以募集炎癥細胞,參與炎癥性疾病。研究表明IL-17A參與變應性鼻炎的發(fā)病過程,促進嗜酸性粒細胞分泌相關(guān)炎癥因子,增強嗜酸性粒細胞活 ? 性[3]。本研究擬通過體內(nèi)試驗探討白介素17單克隆抗體(IL-17mAb)不同劑量及給藥方式對變應性鼻炎小鼠模型氣道炎癥過程中的效應及相關(guān)機制。

1材料與方法

1.1主要試劑及儀器 ?鋁佐劑(Thermo),卵清蛋白(ovalbumin,OVA,Ⅲ級,Sigma),IL-17單克隆抗體(Sigma),IL-6及IL-10 ELISA試劑盒(Elabscience),紫外分光光度儀(Beckman,DUR640),Diff-Quik試劑盒(Solarbio),全電動智能顯微鏡(Olympus,BX63),細胞離心涂片機(Thermo scientific shandon cytospin 4)。

1.2實驗動物及分組處理 ?SPF級BALB/c小鼠48只,6~8周齡,雌性,20~25 g,購自濟南朋悅實驗動物繁育有限公司,實驗前給予適應性飼養(yǎng)1周。所有實驗操作通過青島大學附屬醫(yī)院倫理委員會批準。將48只小鼠采用隨機數(shù)字法分為A、B、C、D、E和F組,每組8只,分別于第0、7、14天將20 μg OVA加2 mg鋁佐劑腹腔注射處理A、C、D、E及F組小鼠,間隔7 d,第22天開始進行鼻腔激發(fā),每天每側(cè)鼻孔各給予OVA 10 μl(共500 μg)滴鼻,連續(xù)7 d。A、C、D、E組小鼠于每次OVA鼻腔激發(fā)前1 h分別給予生理鹽水(每側(cè)鼻孔各10 μl)、100 ng IL-17 mAb(濃度5 μg/ml,每側(cè)鼻孔各10 μl)、500 ng IL-17mAb(濃度25 μg/ml,每側(cè)鼻孔各10 μl)、5 μg IL-17mAb(濃度250 μg/ml,每側(cè)鼻孔各10 μl)滴鼻,F(xiàn)組小鼠于每次OVA鼻腔激發(fā)前4 h給予5 μg IL-17mAb腹腔注射(濃度50 μg/ml,100 μl),B組小鼠于相同時間點給予等量生理鹽水腹腔注射及滴鼻。

1.3癥狀學評分 ?于4周末最后1次鼻腔激發(fā)完成后觀察30 min并進行疊加計分評價動物模型癥狀,根據(jù)如下標準計分,撓鼻1~5次計1分,6~15次計2分,>15次計3分;噴嚏1~3個計1分, 4~10個計2分,>10個計3分;流涕至前鼻孔計1分,流出前鼻孔計2分,涕流滿面計3分;總分如超過5分,表示造模成功。

1.4血清IL-6及IL-10含量測定 ?于4周末最后 ? 1次激發(fā)完成后24 h,各組小鼠腹腔注射10%水合氯醛(4 μl/g)麻醉后,摘眼球取全血于EP管中,4℃離心機,3000 r/min,離心10 min,留取血清-80℃儲存?zhèn)溆?。ELISA法檢測血清中IL-6、IL-10的含量(按照說明書逐步操作)。

1.5鼻腔灌洗液(nasal lavage fluid,NLF)嗜酸性粒細胞計數(shù)及上清液中IL-6、IL-10含量測定 ?所有小鼠取血后斷頭處死,將頭部皮膚剝離,剪除下頜骨,將鼻咽部暴露,移液器取500 μl PBS溶液自鼻咽部開口處緩慢滴入鼻腔,自前鼻孔收集NLF,重復 ? ? 2 次。4℃離心機,5000 r/min,離心15 min,將上清

-80℃儲存?zhèn)溆?。沉淀物?00 μl PBS重懸,置于細胞離心涂片機,600 r/min,離心6 min。自然晾干后進行Diff-Quik染色,封片,計算嗜酸性粒細胞數(shù),判斷嗜酸性粒細胞的標準為分葉核,并且細胞質(zhì)中有嗜酸性顆粒。ELISA法檢測NLF上清液中IL-6及IL-10的含量(按照說明書逐步操作)。

1.6鼻黏膜組織中肥大細胞計數(shù) ?將小鼠鼻部組織置于4%的多聚甲醛溶液中固定48 h,流水沖洗組織4 h,然后置于20%的EDTANa脫鈣液中進行脫鈣。待脫鈣完成后,給予石蠟包埋,切片。將鼻黏膜組織行甲苯胺藍染色,于低倍鏡下鼻黏膜上皮下固有層選取5個陽性細胞多的區(qū)域,高倍鏡下計數(shù)細胞數(shù)(選取10個高倍鏡,×400),取每高倍鏡視野下的均數(shù)。計算肥大細胞數(shù),顯微鏡下肥大細胞胞質(zhì)呈異染性紫紅色。

1.7統(tǒng)計學處理 ?采用SPSS 22.0 軟件進行分析,數(shù)據(jù)采用M(P25,P75)表示,非參數(shù)Kruskal-Wallis H檢驗進行多重比較。P<0.05表示差異有統(tǒng)計學意義,P<0.01表示統(tǒng)計學意義顯著。

2結(jié)果

2.1癥狀學評分比較 ?4周末A組所有小鼠癥狀學評分均>5分,按照上述行為學評分標準,表示造模成功。A、B、C、D、E、F組評分分別為7.0(6.3,8.0)、1.5(1.0,2.8)、8.0(7.0,8.8)、6.5(6.0,7.8)、5.5(4.3,6.0)及3.0(3.0,4.8)分。F組小鼠的撓鼻及噴嚏次數(shù)少于A組,差異有統(tǒng)計學意義(H=23.312,P=0.013;H=23.812,P=0.010),見表1。

2.2 NLF中嗜酸性粒細胞數(shù)比較 ?A組小鼠NLF中嗜酸性粒細胞數(shù)高于B組,統(tǒng)計學意義顯著(H=30.750,P=0.000)。F組小鼠NLF中嗜酸性粒細胞數(shù)低于A組,差異有統(tǒng)計學意義(H=21.625,P=0.030),見圖1。

2.3血清及NLF中IL-6、IL-10含量比較 ?A組小鼠血清及NLF中IL-6水平高于B組,差異有統(tǒng)計學意義(H=21.562,P=0.031;H=26.250,P=0.003),A組小鼠NLF中IL-10水平低于B組,差異有統(tǒng)計學意義(H=22.125,P=0.024),A組小鼠血清中IL-10水平低于B組,但差異無統(tǒng)計學意義(H=17.375,P=0.196)。F組小鼠血清中IL-6水平低于A組,差異有統(tǒng)計學意義(H=22.500,P=0.020)。F組小鼠血清及NLF中IL-10水平高于A組,差異有統(tǒng)計學意義(H=26.938,P=0.002;H=24.250,P=0.008)。E組小鼠血清中IL-10水平高于A組,差異有統(tǒng)計學意義(H=21.688,P=0.029),見圖2。

2.4鼻黏膜組織中肥大細胞表達情況 ?A組小鼠鼻黏膜組織中肥大細胞數(shù)多于B組,統(tǒng)計學意義顯著(H=28.312,P=0.001)。F組小鼠鼻黏膜組織中肥大細胞數(shù)少于A組,但差異無統(tǒng)計學意義(H=17.062,P=0.222),F(xiàn)組小鼠鼻黏膜組織中肥大細胞數(shù)與B組比較,差異無統(tǒng)計學意義(H=11.250,P=1.000),見圖3、圖4。

3討論

IL-17A是Th17細胞分泌的主要細胞因子,可誘導內(nèi)皮細胞、上皮細胞、成纖維細胞合成和分泌IL-6、IL-8等細胞因子,是一種致炎細胞因子[4]。在多種慢性炎癥性疾病、變態(tài)反應及自身免疫性疾病的發(fā)生發(fā)展中有著重要的作用[5]。有多個研究顯示了IL-17A在變應性鼻炎發(fā)病中的作用[6,7]。顧兆偉等[8]使用10 μg的IL-17A抗體于每次OVA激發(fā)前30 min滴鼻,發(fā)現(xiàn)IL-17A抗體可以抑制變應性鼻炎鼠模型中IL-17A及Th17細胞轉(zhuǎn)錄因子RORγtmRNA表達水平,升高Treg細胞轉(zhuǎn)錄因子Foxp3 mRNA表達水平,但是關(guān)于變應性鼻炎小鼠癥狀學及炎癥細胞的影響沒有進行研究和分析,只對這個抗體濃度進行了研究。為了尋找更有效的抗體濃度及給藥方式,在本研究中探討了不同濃度及給藥方式下IL-17mAb在變應性鼻炎小鼠模型氣道炎癥中的作用,發(fā)現(xiàn)F組小鼠撓鼻及噴嚏次數(shù)均少于A組(P<0.05),鼻腔灌洗液中嗜酸性粒細胞數(shù)少于A組(P<0.05)。為今后IL-17mAb在治療變應性鼻炎的研究中奠定了一定的基礎(chǔ)。

IL-6主要由T淋巴細胞、單核巨噬細胞、B淋巴細胞等所分泌,在激活與調(diào)節(jié)免疫細胞,介導T、B細胞活化、分化、增殖及炎癥反應中起重要作用[9]。已有研究證實Treg細胞通過抑制Th2、Th17細胞分化,在變態(tài)反應性疾病中起到負調(diào)節(jié)的作用[2,10],而IL-6具有誘導Th17抑制Treg分化的作用[11]。IL-10能抑制多種促炎細胞因子、黏附分子和趨化因子的表達,具有抗炎作用。IL-10在Treg的分化和功能行使中也起著非常重要的作用。Treg細胞可通過分泌細胞因子IL-10和/或TGF-β來抑制抗原特異性免疫應答,使機體在一定條件下產(chǎn)生免疫耐受[12,13]。本研究發(fā)現(xiàn),變應性鼻炎小鼠血清及鼻腔灌洗液中IL-6水平均高于正常對照組(P<0.05);鼻腔灌洗液中IL-10水平低于正常對照組(P<0.05);5 μg的IL-17mAb腹腔注射干預后使得變應性鼻炎小鼠血清中IL-6水平降低(P<0.05);血清及鼻腔灌洗液中IL-10水平均升高(P<0.05);5 μg的IL-17mAb滴鼻亦使變應性鼻炎小鼠血清中IL-10水平升高(P<0.05),進而對變應性鼻炎小鼠氣道炎癥起到了保護作用。

綜上所述,高劑量的(5 μg)IL-17mAb腹腔注射處于激發(fā)階段的變應性鼻炎小鼠,促使小鼠變應性鼻炎癥狀明顯減輕,鼻腔灌洗液嗜酸性粒細胞減少并促使變應性鼻炎小鼠血清中IL-6表達降低,血清中及鼻腔灌洗液中IL-10表達升高,因此推測這些細胞因子的變化可能抑制Th17/促進Treg的分化,進而對變態(tài)反應產(chǎn)生抑制作用。本研究不足之處在于腹腔注射組沒有進行不同劑量的對比研究,沒有探討出效價更好的劑量,有待于今后的工作中進一步研究。

參考文獻:

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