許俊豪

新設(shè)立企業(yè)2482家，含新設(shè)外資企業(yè)30家，這是中國(guó)（廣西）自貿(mào)試驗(yàn)區(qū)欽州港片區(qū)（以下簡(jiǎn)稱欽州港片區(qū)）揭牌啟動(dòng)9個(gè)月在招商引資方面取得的成績(jī)。

“歡迎廣大企業(yè)家多到欽州港片區(qū)考察投資，欽州港片區(qū)將為企業(yè)發(fā)展?fàn)I造一流營(yíng)商環(huán)境，快速推動(dòng)項(xiàng)目落戶、建設(shè)、投產(chǎn)，實(shí)現(xiàn)互利共贏?！睔J州市委常委、廣西自貿(mào)試驗(yàn)區(qū)欽州港片區(qū)管委常務(wù)副主任王雄昌在近期的一場(chǎng)中國(guó)（廣西）自貿(mào)試驗(yàn)區(qū)招商活動(dòng)中這樣說道。營(yíng)商環(huán)境對(duì)吸引企業(yè)有著直接的聯(lián)系，欽州港片區(qū)入駐企業(yè)數(shù)量不斷增多，很大程度上要?dú)w功于其營(yíng)商環(huán)境的優(yōu)化。

服務(wù)“做加法”

提升企業(yè)服務(wù)能力是欽州港片區(qū)優(yōu)化營(yíng)商環(huán)境的重要著力點(diǎn)。欽州港片區(qū)的服務(wù)從企業(yè)注冊(cè)環(huán)節(jié)就已經(jīng)開始。目前，為了在抓好疫情防控的前提下面向全球招商，欽州港片區(qū)主要是通過不見面注冊(cè)的方式，為企業(yè)提供便利的注冊(cè)服務(wù)。

對(duì)落戶到欽州港片區(qū)的企業(yè)，欽州港片區(qū)組建了產(chǎn)業(yè)服務(wù)中心，為企業(yè)提供全生命周期的運(yùn)營(yíng)服務(wù)?！皬纳淌碌怯?、工程選址到生產(chǎn)經(jīng)營(yíng)等環(huán)節(jié)，企業(yè)遇到任何問題，都可以向欽州港片區(qū)產(chǎn)業(yè)服務(wù)中心尋求幫助?！睔J州港片區(qū)產(chǎn)業(yè)服務(wù)中心負(fù)責(zé)人鄧雪介紹道，在涉及工商登記、稅務(wù)、社保等方面的事項(xiàng)，相關(guān)部門還通過QQ群等方式，隨時(shí)解答企業(yè)的疑惑，及時(shí)幫助解決企業(yè)提出的難題。

例如，6月4日，廣西金桂漿紙業(yè)有限公司30萬噸雙氧水項(xiàng)目最大反應(yīng)器需從欽州港碼頭運(yùn)進(jìn)廠區(qū)，由于雙氧水反應(yīng)器為超大型設(shè)備，從碼頭運(yùn)抵企業(yè)施工現(xiàn)場(chǎng)需要通過鐵路匝口等多層路障，困難重重。接到企業(yè)求助信息后，欽州港片區(qū)產(chǎn)業(yè)服務(wù)中心高度重視，急企業(yè)之所急，積極協(xié)調(diào)海關(guān)、港口管理等相關(guān)部門，通力合作，最終幫助企業(yè)完成了運(yùn)輸任務(wù)，為此項(xiàng)目在7月底完成設(shè)備安裝打下堅(jiān)實(shí)的基礎(chǔ)。

此外，欽州港片區(qū)還積極爭(zhēng)取稅務(wù)系統(tǒng)支持，創(chuàng)新稅收管理服務(wù)機(jī)制，推進(jìn)辦稅便利化改革，優(yōu)化新辦企業(yè)、平臺(tái)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)票申領(lǐng)，縮短了辦稅時(shí)間。國(guó)家稅務(wù)總局廣西欽州保稅港區(qū)稅務(wù)局局長(zhǎng)周文軍介紹，自欽州港片區(qū)揭牌以來，欽州保稅港區(qū)稅務(wù)局不斷優(yōu)化涉稅服務(wù)舉措，進(jìn)一步推進(jìn)窗口定點(diǎn)服務(wù)、網(wǎng)絡(luò)全天服務(wù)、骨干團(tuán)隊(duì)上門服務(wù)、緊急情況延時(shí)服務(wù)，為新設(shè)企業(yè)贈(zèng)送稅收政策服務(wù)大禮包等，切實(shí)優(yōu)化稅收營(yíng)商環(huán)境。

審批“做減法”

為突出欽州港片區(qū)的獨(dú)特優(yōu)勢(shì)，加快向海經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展建設(shè)，推動(dòng)中國(guó)—東盟的開放合作，欽州港片區(qū)在廣西自貿(mào)試驗(yàn)區(qū)高質(zhì)量發(fā)展支持政策的基礎(chǔ)上，主動(dòng)對(duì)標(biāo)先進(jìn)，出臺(tái)了欽州港片區(qū)高質(zhì)量發(fā)展補(bǔ)充政策，以及《中國(guó)（廣西）自由貿(mào)易試驗(yàn)區(qū)欽州港片區(qū)“告知承諾制審批”暫行辦法》等措施。

在一系列政策的指導(dǎo)下，欽州港片區(qū)組建了欽州港片區(qū)行政審批局，將原來分散的商事登記、工程報(bào)建、社會(huì)事務(wù)等涉及政務(wù)服務(wù)業(yè)務(wù)窗口整合到欽州港片區(qū)綜合服務(wù)大廳，推進(jìn)政務(wù)服務(wù)“一體化”建設(shè)。同時(shí)，欽州港片區(qū)還率先實(shí)行“極簡(jiǎn)審批”“告知承諾制審批”改革，用一張“承諾書”替代缺少的申請(qǐng)材料，促進(jìn)審批服務(wù)“零等待”。

6月12日，記者在欽州港片區(qū)綜合服務(wù)大廳看到，負(fù)責(zé)交通運(yùn)輸項(xiàng)目審批的工作人員黎如戰(zhàn)，請(qǐng)示局領(lǐng)導(dǎo)后，快速地為一家物流企業(yè)進(jìn)行登記、審批，前后時(shí)間不到1小時(shí)?！皻J州港片區(qū)揭牌啟動(dòng)以來，運(yùn)輸車輛登記明顯增加，反映出欽州港片區(qū)物流發(fā)展的良好態(tài)勢(shì)。我們將繼續(xù)為企業(yè)入駐欽州港片區(qū)、快速取得生產(chǎn)經(jīng)營(yíng)資質(zhì)服務(wù)?！崩枞鐟?zhàn)說道。

企業(yè)如何評(píng)價(jià)？

盡管欽州港片區(qū)在優(yōu)化營(yíng)商環(huán)境上下了不少功夫，但是其營(yíng)商環(huán)境究竟如何，企業(yè)的評(píng)價(jià)最有說服力。

近期在欽州港片區(qū)籌辦新公司的一位物流企業(yè)負(fù)責(zé)人告訴記者，欽州港片區(qū)辦事效率很高，工商、稅務(wù)、交通等相關(guān)機(jī)構(gòu)都積極幫企業(yè)取得生產(chǎn)經(jīng)營(yíng)資質(zhì)并解決相關(guān)問題?！熬退阆到y(tǒng)崩潰了也會(huì)主動(dòng)幫我們解決，非常感謝欽州港片區(qū)的用心。”

6月11日，中谷海運(yùn)集團(tuán)與欽州港片區(qū)簽署戰(zhàn)略合作與項(xiàng)目投資協(xié)議，雙方將在欽州港共同加快建設(shè)中谷欽州集裝箱多式聯(lián)運(yùn)物流基地。類似的更多企業(yè)，已經(jīng)像中谷海運(yùn)一樣，用行動(dòng)為欽州港片區(qū)的營(yíng)商環(huán)境點(diǎn)贊和投票。

The conclusion of text-based negotiations for the Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership （RCEP） in November 2019 paves the way for the economies of the Association of Southeast Asian Nations （ASEAN） to strengthen their economic integration with five of its dialogue partners， namely， Australia， the Peoples Republic of China， the Republic of Korea， Japan， and New Zealand. The economic integration of ASEAN into its dialogue partners is a major milestone in the realisation of the ASEAN Economic Community （AEC） that aims to integrate ASEAN into the global economy.

In this article， I argue that small changes in trade policy instruments under RCEP are likely to have significant impacts on trade flows in ASEAN. Below， I explain three key drivers in RCEP that can lead to the growth of ASEANs trade in goods. These key drivers include the comprehensive coverage of RCEP， the large market size， and the strong economic linkage via trade and investment.

First， RCEP covers comprehensive trade and non-trade issues that can enhance further liberalisation of trade and investment in ASEAN. It consists of 20 chapters， which extends the ambition of ASEAN beyond the limits of trade and trade policy， including non-trade issues. Some of these， such as rules of origin， technical barriers to trade， trade in services， electronic commerce and intellectual property， have been included in the AEC Blueprint 2025， but the RCEP is more likely to further in these directions than those of the AEC. In fact， ASEAN countries are implementing the Guideline of Non-tariff Measures to eliminate non-tariff barriers， but they have not yet made much progress in doing so.

Taken together， commitments made under the RCEP will benefit consumers and businesses in ASEAN by reducing unnecessary costs that can often be imposed on them by both， border and “behind the border” trade restrictions， enhancing businesses to utilise preferential tariffs with a common rule of origin， and stimulating innovation with stronger protection of intellectual property rights.

Second， RCEP offers opportunities in the form of a huge market of US$ 24.8 trillion and over 2.3 billion people. In 2018， the combined gross domestic product （GDP） of RCEP （on a purchasing power parity basis） is greater than that of other trading blocs such as the European Union （EU） and North American Free Trade Agreement （NAFTA）. In Asia， the combined GDP of RCEP is about five times that of the members of the ASEAN Free Trade Area （AFTA）， and about three times that of other Asian countries.

Third， ASEAN and its dialogue partners have a strong economic relationship through trade and investment. In 2018， ASEANs total trade in goods — i.e. imports plus exports — stood at US$ 2.8 trillion， 34% of which was accounted for by the bilateral trade between ASEAN and five of its dialogue partners and 23% was accounted for by intra-ASEAN trade. Moreover， total inflows of foreign direct investment in ASEAN recorded at US$ 152.8 billion in 2018 — 25% of which was sourced from its dialogue partners and 15% was sourced from ASEAN countries. Taken together， values of intra-RCEP trade and investment already account for 57% of total trade and 40% of total FDI inflows in ASEAN， respectively.

The large market size of RCEP coupled with strong trade and investment linkages between ASEAN and its dialogue partners suggest that any small reduction in trade barriers is likely to increase significant gains from trade. These gains will then translate into a greater number of job creations， and hence resulting in an increase in GDP and reducing poverty in ASEAN emerging economies such as Cambodia， Lao PDR and Myanmar.

To realise economic gains from RCEP， policymakers should ensure that trade provisions in RCEP are deeper than those in existing ASEAN Free Trade Agreements （FTAs）， namely AFTA and ASEAN+1 FTAs such as ASEAN-Australia and New Zealand FTA， ASEAN-Japan Comprehensive Economic Partnership， ASEAN-Peoples Republic of China Comprehensive Economic Cooperation Agreement， and ASEAN-Republic of Korea Comprehensive Economic Cooperation Agreement. For the case of AFTA， member countries identified sensitive sectors in which they do not fully eliminate tariffs， especially for rice. The more trade is covered by the sensitive sectors， the smaller are the economic benefits from tariff elimination under the FTA.

Although the full text of RCEP has not yet been publicly released， there are three reasons to believe that RCEP should be deeper than the existing ASEAN FTAs. First， RCEP should emerge as a region-wide regional agreement to consolidate the existing ASEAN FTAs and hence reducing the negative impact of complicated rules of origin on trade flows. Second， the threshold of tariff reductions in RCEP should be set more comparable to another regional FTA such as the Comprehensive and Progressive Agreement for Trans-Pacific Partnership （CPTPP）， which aims for 99% tariff elimination. Third， the RCEP will also be an FTA， and it seems likely that the reductions of tariff， non-tariff barriers， and barriers to trade in services among RCEP countries will be more complete and more general than those of AFTA and the existing ASEAN+1 FTAs. The RCEP will also exempt some sensitive sectors for trade and investment liberalisation， but which sectors and how many of these sensitive sectors remain to be seen when the agreement is signed in late 2020.

· Source： ASEAN Post