本模塊知識(shí)網(wǎng)絡(luò)

高考詞匯

preserve? ?v.

sharpen? ?v.

list? ?v.

maintain? ?v.

enlarge? ?v.

advocate? ?v.

undertake? ?v.

ignore? ?v.

honour? ?v.

agreement? ?n.

existence? ?n.

relation? ?n.

evolution? ?n.

weed? ?n.

assistance? ?n.

catastrophe? ?n.

length? ?n.

request? ?n.

monument? ?n.

mankind? ?n.

directory? ?n.

status? ?n.

virus? ?n.

compromise? ?n.

seminar? ?n.

agenda? ?n.

mercy? ?n.

absence? ?n.

guidance? ?n.

primitive? ?adj.

precious? ?adj.

subjective? ?adj.

thorough? ?adj.

bureaucratic? ?adj.

federal? ?adj.

常用短語

of vital importance

apart from

go through

remind sb of sth

at the mercy of

in return

be honoured for

詞匯短語園地

1. relation? ?n.? ?親屬，親戚

（relations）[pl.]（人、團(tuán)體、國家之間的）關(guān)系，

聯(lián)系;（事物之間的）關(guān)系，聯(lián)系

This party is held for friends and relations.

這個(gè)聚會(huì)是為親戚朋友舉辦的。

We seek to improve relations between our two countries.

我們尋求改進(jìn)我們兩國間的關(guān)系。

He wants to understand the relation between rainfall and crop yields.

他想了解降雨量和農(nóng)作物產(chǎn)量之間的關(guān)系。

in relation to? ?關(guān)于，涉及;和……聯(lián)系起來看

I have some comments to make in relation to this matter.

關(guān)于這件事，我有幾點(diǎn)看法。

Its brain is very small in relation to its body.

和它的身體相比，它的腦袋很小。

relate? ? ? v.? ? ? ?講述，敘述;把……聯(lián)系起來

relative? ?n.? ? ? 親屬，親戚

adj.? ?相比較而言的;相對(duì)的，相關(guān)聯(lián)的

related? ? adj.? ?相關(guān)的，有聯(lián)系的

2. list? ?v.（按某次序）把……列表，列清單;列舉

n.? ?列表，清單，目錄

I was asked to list my ten favorite songs.

我被要求列出自己最喜愛的十首歌曲。

The pangolin is listed among Chinas endangered animals.

穿山甲被列入中國瀕臨絕種的動(dòng)物之一。

Having to wait hours came high on the list of complains.

在投訴列表上，最多的是等候時(shí)間長。

You should make a list of things you want to do next.

你應(yīng)該把接下來想做的事情列成清單。

3. precious? ?adj.? ?寶貴的;珍貴的;貴重的;珍愛的

He poured a few drops of the precious liquid into the glass.

他往杯子里倒了幾滴這種珍貴的液體。

That new toy is my most precious possession.

那個(gè)新玩具是我最珍愛的財(cái)產(chǎn)。

4. length? ?n.? ?長度;長

My room is twice the length of the kitchen.

我的房間的長度是廚房的兩倍。

We discussed shortening the length of the course.

我們就縮短這門課程的時(shí)限進(jìn)行了討論。

in length? ?在長度方面

Each class is 45 minutes in length.

每一節(jié)課時(shí)長為45分鐘。

lengthen? ?v.（使）變長

5. request? ?n.? ?請(qǐng)求，要求

v.? ?請(qǐng)求，要求

My request was granted.

我的要求得到了滿足。

Your presence is requested at the meeting.

請(qǐng)你務(wù)必出席會(huì)議。

搭配：

（1） a request for? ?請(qǐng)求/要求……

They made a request for further aid.

他們請(qǐng)求進(jìn)一步的援助。

（2） request sb to do sth? ?請(qǐng)求/要求某人做某事

I requested him to bring his English teacher to see me.

我請(qǐng)求他帶他的英文老師來見我。

（3） request that... （should）...? ?請(qǐng)求/要求……

All teaching staff requested that the head teacher （should） reconsider his decision.

全體教學(xué)人員請(qǐng)求校長重新考慮他的決定。

（4） be requested to? ?被要求/被請(qǐng)求……

You are requested not to smoke in the restaurant.

請(qǐng)不要在餐館里吸煙。

（1） at the request of? ?根據(jù)……的請(qǐng)求/要求

The name of the murder victim wasnt published in the newspapers， at the request of the judge.

依照法官的要求，被謀害者的姓名沒有在報(bào)上公布出來。

（2） by request? ?按照請(qǐng)求/要求

The writers name was withheld by request.

按照要求，作者姓名不予公布。

6. mercy? ?n.? ?仁慈，寬恕;幸運(yùn)，恩惠

The soldiers showed no mercy to their hostages.

這些士兵對(duì)人質(zhì)絲毫不仁慈。

Its a mercy that the car accident happened so close to the hospital.

幸虧車禍發(fā)生在離醫(yī)院很近的地方。

without mercy? ?無情地

He was treated without mercy.

他被無情地對(duì)待。

7. honour? ?v.? ?尊敬，尊重;使感到榮幸;給予榮譽(yù)

n.? ?尊敬，尊重;榮幸;榮譽(yù)

Children should honour their father and mother.

孩子應(yīng)該尊敬他們的父母。

Were deeply honoured that you should agree to join us.

你同意加入我們，我們深感榮幸。

He has been honoured with the Nobel Prize for his scientific achievement.

他因科學(xué)成就而被授予諾貝爾獎(jiǎng)。

Its our great honour to have the Queen here today.

女王今天蒞臨，我們深感榮幸。

The soldiers are fighting for the honour of their country.

戰(zhàn)士們?cè)跒樗麄儑业臉s譽(yù)而戰(zhàn)。

in honour of? ?為向……表示敬意

This is a party in honour of the visiting president.

這是為向來訪的總統(tǒng)表示敬意而舉行的宴會(huì)。

honourable? ?adj.? ?可敬的，值得欽佩的;體面的

dishonour? ?n.? ?恥辱;丟臉

v.? ?使丟臉;違背，違反（協(xié)議或諾言）

8. contribute? ?v.? 捐獻(xiàn)，捐贈(zèng);促成;增加;（給雜志、報(bào)

紙等）撰稿，投稿

Would you like to contribute to our collection？

你愿意給我們的募捐捐款嗎？

Various factors contributed to his downfall.

多種因素導(dǎo)致了他的垮臺(tái)。

This book contributes little to our understanding of the subject.

這本書對(duì)我們了解這門學(xué)科無所助益。

She regularly contributes to the college magazine.

她定期給?？陡?。

contribute to? ?有助于，促使（發(fā)生某情況）;捐獻(xiàn)，捐贈(zèng);

給……投稿

A proper amount of exercise contributes to health.

適當(dāng)?shù)倪\(yùn)動(dòng)有助于健康。

contribution? ?n.? ?捐獻(xiàn)（物），捐贈(zèng)（物）;貢獻(xiàn)，促成作

用;投稿

make a （great） contribution to? ?對(duì)……做（很大）貢獻(xiàn)

He made a very positive contribution to the success of the project.

他對(duì)項(xiàng)目的成功做出了非常積極的貢獻(xiàn)。

9. recommend? ?v.? ?推薦，介紹;勸告，建議

當(dāng)recommend意為“推薦、介紹”時(shí)。

（1） recommend sb sth/sth to sb? ?向某人推薦某物

I recommended all my students the book/the book to all my students.

我把這本書推薦給了我所有的學(xué)生。

（2） recommend sb for? ?推薦某人……

They recommended her for the job.

他們推薦她做這個(gè)工作。

當(dāng)recommend意為“勸告、建議”時(shí)。

（1） 后跟名詞或代詞

The report recommended a 10% pay increase.

報(bào)告提議工資增加10%。

（2） 后跟復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)

Wed recommend you to book your flight early.

我們建議你提早預(yù)定航班。

（3） 后跟從句

The committee has recommended that the training programme （should） be improved.

委員會(huì)建議改進(jìn)培訓(xùn)計(jì)劃。

（4） 后跟動(dòng)名詞

He recommended reading the book before seeing the movie.

他建議先看這本書，再去看這部電影。

10. apart from? （=except for）? ?除……之外（都）;

（=in addition to/as well as）? ?除……之外（還）

Ive finished apart from the last question.

除了最后一道題，我全都做完了。

Apart from being too large， it just doesnt suit me.

除了太大之外，它也不適合我。

11. remind sb of? ?使某人想起……

You remind me of your father when you say that.

你說這樣的話，使我想起了你的父親。

That smell reminds me of my hometown.

那股氣味使我想起了故鄉(xiāng)。

remind sb to do sth? ?提醒某人去做某事

Please remind your classmates to bring their books when they come.

請(qǐng)?zhí)嵝涯愕耐瑢W(xué)們來的時(shí)候帶上書。

跟蹤導(dǎo)練（一）

閱讀理解

A

From Antigua to Zanzibar， these spots promise an incredible trip for 2020.

Antigua， Guatemala

“Antigua is worth every penny， but that doesnt mean youll have to empty your wallet，” says Hudson. There are plenty of budget-conscious activities. It wont cost you a coin to visit Santo Domingo del Cerro， an outdoor sculpture park. Wanting something sweet？ Head to ChocoMuseo. Admission is free and so are the samples！

Odessa， Ukraine

Odessa is having a bit of a tourism boom nationwide—not that were surprised， given its sandy beaches and pastel-colored （色彩柔和的） buildings—but its still fairly under the order for international audiences. You can also count on this port city for affordable fun. Tickets to the Odessa Opera House start at a mere $2！

Bogota， Colombia

“Travelers on budget will find Colombias vast capital far more of a bargain and every bit as fascinating，” says Hudson. “Its free to visit Museo de Oro and on Sundays many of the big roads are closed to accommodate food carts， street entertainers， and pedestrians.”

Zanzibar

Zanzibar attracts vacationers with its white sand beaches， greenish-blue tides， colorful coral reefs， and oceanfront seaside. Of course， wandering in historic Stone Town is pretty appealing too. Either way， you neednt spend a penny in this amazing place. Its also worth noting that Jozani Forest is the only place in the world you can see endangered red colobus monkeys.

1. Which of the following requires admission fee？

A. ChocoMuseo. B. Stone Town.

C. Museo de Oro. D. Odessa Opera House.

2. What is special to Zanzibar？

A. White sand beaches. B. Colorful coral reefs.

C. Red colobus monkeys. D. Historic Stone Town.

3. What do the four destinations have in common？

A. They are coastal cities.

B. They are inexpensive to visit.

C. They welcome street entertainers.

D. They offer sand beaches activities.

B

In many countries in the world， public money is mostly used for preserving architectural heritage （遺產(chǎn)） in different ways. In my opinion， these funds are being spent effectively in this way. Old buildings such as historical buildings should be protected and turned into wonderful places for learning and visiting so that we can gain appropriate benefits from them.

Personally speaking， using public funds for architectural heritage preservation is accurate as the society can take numerous advantages from this. First of all， these historical buildings， palaces， shrines （神殿）… are striking evidences for past lives and buildings. For example， before cameras were invented， there was no way to show how a life of a king was during his age. However， with his castle and exhibits， researchers can build up assumptions. The second considerable benefit of preserving architectural heritage is for tourism. In my country， every year， Hue welcomes thousands of visitors to its ancient capital， which contributes greatly to the provinces income.

Among distinct types of old buildings， I suggest preserving historical one as a studying and attraction spot. This is because， along with tourism purpose， old houses and palaces surviving throughout time， witnessing the countrys important events are huge material for both students and researchers. Schools can use them for practical history lessons， which help children to learn more effectively.

To sum up， spending public money for protecting architectural heritages is a brilliant choice of most governments in the world. Besides， I think we should concern more about preserving historical buildings， turn them into visiting and learning areas in order to get the best out of them.

4. What is the authors attitude to using most public money to preserve architectural heritage？

A. Doubtful. B. Favorable.

C. Unsupportive. D. Unclear.

5. What is one of the advantages of using public funds to protect architectural heritage？

A. Making money.

B. Gaining inspiration.

C. Preparing for future.

D. Improving the environment.

6. Why do schools use historical buildings？

A. Their materials are unique.

B. Students have an urgent demand.

C. They help increase students knowledge.

D. They do good to students communication skills.

7. What can be the best title for the text？

A. Ways of Architectural Heritage Protection

B. Architectural Heritage Is a Treasure of Society

C. Architectural Heritage Protection—a Wise Choice

D. Views on Using Public Money for Architectural Heritage

跟蹤導(dǎo)練（二）

閱讀七選五

Culture Shock

Culture shock refers to the anxiety and feelings （of surprise， uncertainty， confusion， etc.） felt when people have to operate within a different and unknown cultural or social environment， for example， a foreign country.

Previous studies only compared female bones to contemporary male bones， the researchers said—and thats a problem， because the response of male bones to stress and change is much bigger than that of women. For instance， as humans moved from a hunter-gatherer lifestyle constantly on the move to a more settled agrarian （農(nóng)耕的） one， changes can be observed in the structure of the shinbone （脛骨）—and these changes were much more evident in men.

However， a comparison of the bones of prehistoric women to the bones of living female athletes can help us work out a more accurate picture of what those prehistoric women were doing. “By analyzing the bones of living people and comparing them to the ancient bones， we can start to explain the kinds of labor our ancestors were reforming，” Macintosh said. What they found was that womens leg strength hasnt changed a great deal， but their arms used to be very powerful. Prehistoric women， the researchers found， had arm strength 11—16 percent stronger than those of modern rowers， and 30 percent stronger than those of non-athletes.

1. What does the study tell about prehistoric women？

A. They were stronger than men.

B. They did tough tasks as the men.

C. They had lighter bones than men.

D. They spent most time staying at home.

2. What problem did previous studies on prehistoric bones have？

A. They lacked enough comparison.

B. They only studied mens bones.

C. They focused little on bones.

D. They ignored the lifestyles.

3. What does the underlined word “that” in Paragraph 3 refer to？

A. Bones structure.

B. Bones thickness.

C. Bones response to stress.

D. Bones stress from hard labor.

4. What can we learn from the last paragraph？

A. Its still hard to explain our ancestors lifestyle.

B. Prehistoric women went through much suffering.

C. Womens arms have become much stronger over time.

D. Prehistoric women are stronger than contemporary females.

閱讀七選五

When we choose to worry over what we dont possess， we actually stand at a risk of losing whatever we already have. 1 Therefore， there is no way we can succeed in life unless our mind is first happy and satisfied and then yearns （渴望） for more. Here are some ways to help you to be more grateful.

Choose to be grateful. Well， whether to complain about what you dont have or to be thankful for what you have is a conscious choice you make yourself. Treasure what you have and strive for what you need next. Some are always worrying over what they dont have or cant achieve in the present. 2

Look around you. When in fear or frustration， look around yourself for examples of patience and gratitude. 3 Observe how trees stand tall and brave the fury of storms， rains and the ever-changing seasons.

4 Once you have the mindset to be first thankful for the life you have， you will find hundreds of ways to do that. As you live your normal daily routine， you will find a number of hidden opportunities to be thankful for the bounties （獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)） you have.

Think positive to achieve positive. 5 If you keep telling yourself that the present tough times shall pass and you are happy with what you have， you actually get the courage to deal with the crisis.

A. Your thoughts can shape your life.

B. Look for hidden ways to be thankful.

C. Think about why you should be grateful.

D. After all， it is our mind that rules our body.

E. Helping others is just one of such examples！

F. Learn to observe how birds are grateful to nature for their food.

G. Actually， it is merely a way to waste the precious present moments.

1.? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? 2.? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? 3.? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? 4.? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? 5.

跟蹤導(dǎo)練（六）

閱讀理解

If you have a terminal illness and youve exhausted all treatment options， you might consider hospice care （安寧療護(hù)）. Hospice care is for people who are nearing the end of life. It can be provided for as long as the persons doctor and hospice care team confirm that the condition remains life-limiting. Though many people who receive hospice care have cancer， hospice care isnt just for people who have cancer.

Hospice care services provide good care for a person facing a life-limiting illness by reducing pain and addressing physical， psychological， social and spiritual needs. It helps patients enjoy their life. Unlike other medical care， the focus of hospice care isnt to cure the underlying disease. It is to support the highest quality of life possible for whatever time remains.

There is a unique benefit of hospice that allows a patient to be cared for at a facility for a period of time， not because the patient needs it， but because the family caregiver needs a rest in order to continue to care for his or her loved one. Most hospice care is provided at home. However， hospice care is also available at hospitals， nursing homes and assisted living facilities. The hospice staff can also make regular visits to these places to provide services. If a condition cant be managed by the hospice care team in a home setting， a hospital stay might be needed.

Unfortunately， some patients arent even referred to hospice care until they are very close to death and therefore miss out on much of what hospices could have offered them. Because many misconceptions about hospices exist， as well as a general lack of awareness of their benefits and services， many patients fail to enter a hospice at all， which leads to the underutilization （利用不足） of this specialized form of medical care.

1. Hospice care is offered to people who ______ .

A. suffer from mental health problems

B. wish to live longer through treatment

C. are afraid to frequently visit hospitals

D. will pass away because of incurable diseases

2. What is the main goal of hospice care？

A. To provide comfort for patients.

B. To improve family relationships.

C. To discover creative treatment methods.

D. To help patients make a good recovery.

3. According to Paragraph 3， hospice care ______ .

A. values the importance of exercise

B. can be expensive for an average family

C. reduces the burden on patients and families

D. is more effective than hospital services

4. What may be talked about following the last paragraph？

A. What hospice care includes.

B. The disadvantages of hospice care.

C. How to choose a hospice care program.

D. Common misunderstandings about hospice care.

書面表達(dá)

假如你是李華，你的美國朋友Chris熱愛中國文化，特別是戲曲文化。你打算本周末去觀看越劇《梁山伯與祝英臺(tái)》。請(qǐng)給Chris寫一封電子郵件，邀請(qǐng)他一起觀看演出。內(nèi)容包括：

1﹒提出邀請(qǐng)并簡述原因;

2﹒觀劇時(shí)間與地點(diǎn);

3﹒請(qǐng)求對(duì)方回復(fù)。

注意：

1﹒詞數(shù)100左右;

2﹒可以適當(dāng)加入細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫。

參考詞匯：

越劇 Shaoxing Opera

《梁山伯與祝英臺(tái)》Butterfly Lovers

Dear Chris，

___________________________________________________

____________________________________________________

___________________________________________________

___________________________________________________

___________________________________________________

___________________________________________________

___________________________________________________

___________________________________________________

___________________________________________________

___________________________________________________

___________________________________________________

___________________________________________________

Yours，

Li Hua

The Worlds Heritage—

“Queen of the Adriatic”

世界遺產(chǎn)——“亞得里亞?；屎蟆?/p>

Venice and its lagoon joined the World Heritage List in 1987. What images come to mind when you think of a trip to Venice？ No doubt you imagine yourself taking a romantic gondola ride along narrow canals and under delicate bridges. Perhaps you picture the beautiful old buildings and famous works of art that have made the city one of Europes leading tourist spots.

Venice consists of more than 100 islands and has about 150 canals. It is one of the worlds cultural heritages. The best-known of these， the Grand Canal， functions as the “main street” in the part of the city most popular with visitors. The canal winds through each of the six districts that comprise this historic city center before reaching Venice Lagoon.

One of these districts， San Marco， is home to many of Venices main attractions， including St. Marks Basilica. This spectacular church has five main arches and some extraordinary onion-shaped domes. It is decorated with priceless treasures， many of which were stolen from other countries when medieval Venice was a leading sea power.

The best time to visit Venice is during the clear spring days of March and April. From June to August， the city is hot， sticky， and crowded with tourists. Autumn is quite pleasant， but winters are cold. Floods are common in November and December， presenting Venetians with one of their most difficult and ongoing problems.

It is well-known that Venice faces an uncertain future. The city is sinking into the sea， its historic buildings are falling to pieces， and the famous lagoon is badly polluted. Unless solutions are found soon for these complex problems， the “Queen of the Adriatic，” as Venice is sometimes called， will not be able to sit on her watery throne for very much longer.

威尼斯城及其潟湖于1987年被列入世界遺產(chǎn)名錄。想到威尼斯一游，你的腦海中會(huì)浮現(xiàn)出什么畫面？毫無疑問你一定會(huì)想象自己乘坐浪漫的小劃船，沿著窄窄的運(yùn)河航行，從一座座別致的橋下穿過。也許你還會(huì)在腦海中勾勒出那些讓威尼斯成為歐洲一流旅游勝地的美麗古老建筑和藝術(shù)名作。

威尼斯由100多個(gè)小島組成，擁有大約150條運(yùn)河，是世界文化遺產(chǎn)之一。最有名的運(yùn)河就是“大運(yùn)河”，它位于市區(qū)游客最多的地方，并發(fā)揮“大街”的功能。這條運(yùn)河在構(gòu)成這個(gè)歷史上的市中心的六個(gè)行政區(qū)間蜿蜒穿流，最后流入威尼斯?jié)暫?/p>

行政區(qū)之一的圣馬可是威尼斯許多主要旅游景點(diǎn)的中心，包括圣馬可大教堂。這座雄偉的大教堂有五道大拱門和數(shù)座壯觀的洋蔥形屋頂。教堂用很貴重的珠寶裝飾，其中許多是在中世紀(jì)威尼斯稱霸海權(quán)時(shí)從其他國家掠奪來的。

3月和4月晴朗的春日是游覽威尼斯最適合的時(shí)間;而6月到8月，那兒則潮濕悶熱，擠滿了游客;秋天的氣候宜人;冬天則寒冷，11月和12月常有水災(zāi)，給威尼斯人出了一個(gè)最難解決、拖延最久的問題。

眾所周知，威尼斯的前途未卜。這座城市正逐漸沉入海中，歷史名建筑正破敗消失，著名的潟湖已遭到嚴(yán)重污染。除非能盡快解決這些復(fù)雜的問題，否則這座被稱為“亞得里亞海皇后”的威尼斯城，不用多久就難保它的水上寶座了。