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AGAP2-AS1對(duì)結(jié)腸癌細(xì)胞增殖、凋亡的影響

2020-10-12 14:24何劉吳深寶
中國(guó)現(xiàn)代醫(yī)生 2020年23期
關(guān)鍵詞:增殖凋亡結(jié)腸癌

何劉 吳深寶

[摘要] 目的 探究AGAP2-AS1在結(jié)腸癌組織中的表達(dá)及對(duì)結(jié)腸癌細(xì)胞增殖、凋亡的影響。 方法 從美國(guó)TCGA(The Cancer Genome Atlas)數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)結(jié)直腸數(shù)據(jù)下載結(jié)腸癌患者的RNA-Seq數(shù)據(jù)。通過(guò)TCGA數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)獲得356例結(jié)直腸癌,145例健康樣本,通過(guò)定量實(shí)時(shí)PCR(Polymerase Chain Reaction)檢測(cè)結(jié)直腸癌細(xì)胞和正常腸黏膜上皮細(xì)胞AGAP2-AS1表達(dá)水平。用siRNA(Small interfering RNA)抑制結(jié)直腸癌細(xì)胞中AGAP2-AS1的表達(dá),再次分析其細(xì)胞增殖、凋亡的改變。 結(jié)果 AGAP2-AS1在結(jié)腸癌組織和細(xì)胞中表達(dá)均顯著增加。抑制AGAP2-AS1后腫瘤細(xì)胞增殖能力顯著降低,凋亡顯著增加(P<0.05)。 結(jié)論 AGAP2-AS1在結(jié)腸癌細(xì)胞系中高表達(dá),抑制AGAP2-AS1表達(dá)可抑制結(jié)腸癌細(xì)胞增殖,并誘導(dǎo)其凋亡。

[關(guān)鍵詞] 結(jié)腸癌;AGAP2-AS1;增殖;凋亡

[中圖分類(lèi)號(hào)] R735.35 ? ? ? ? ?[文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識(shí)碼] A ? ? ? ? ?[文章編號(hào)] 1673-9701(2020)23-0020-04

Effects of AGAP2-AS1 on proliferation and apoptosis of colon cancer cells

HE Liu ? WU Shenbao

Department of Gastroenterology, Yiwu Central Hospital in Zhejiang Province, Yiwu ? 322000, China

[Abstract] Objective To investigate the expression of AGAP2-AS1 in colon cancer and its effect on the proliferation and apoptosis of colon cancer cells. Methods The colorectal cancer RNA-Seq data were downloaded from The Cancer Genome Atlas(TCGA) database. A total of 356 cases of colorectal cancer and 145 healthy samples were obtained from TCGA. The expression of AGAP2-AS1 in colorectal cancer cells and normal intestinal epithelial cells was detected by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction(PCR). Small interfering RNA(siRNA) was used to inhibit the expression of AGAP2-AS1 in colorectal cancer cells, and the changes of its proliferation and apoptosis were further analyzed. Results The expression of AGAP2-AS1 was significantly increased in colon cancer tissues and cells. After AGAP2-AS1 was inhibited, the proliferation of tumor cells was significantly reduced and apoptosis was significantly increased(P<0.05). Conclusion AGAP2-AS1 is highly expressed in colon cancer cell lines. Inhibition of AGAP2-AS1 expression can inhibit the proliferation of colon cancer cells and induce their apoptosis.

[Key words] Colon cancer; AGAP2-AS1; Proliferation; Apoptosis

結(jié)腸癌(Colorectal cancer,CRC)作為消化系統(tǒng)最常見(jiàn)的腫瘤之一,發(fā)生率僅次于肺癌和肝癌,在我國(guó)及全世界都非常常見(jiàn),每年我國(guó)死于結(jié)腸癌的患者10萬(wàn)以上,且結(jié)腸癌患者的死亡率有逐漸上升的趨勢(shì)[1]。現(xiàn)在隨著醫(yī)療、衛(wèi)生技術(shù)的飛速發(fā)展,新的診療技術(shù)不斷出現(xiàn),結(jié)腸癌的診治水平有了明顯提高。然而,由于目前人們還缺乏體檢意識(shí),且早期結(jié)腸癌并無(wú)明顯特征性表現(xiàn),故眾多患者在確診結(jié)腸癌時(shí)已經(jīng)處于晚期,且伴多處轉(zhuǎn)移,對(duì)于轉(zhuǎn)移性結(jié)腸癌的患者來(lái)說(shuō),以往多采用單純化療,然而療效往往不盡人意[2],近年來(lái),靶向治療作為一種新興的治療方式正在逐漸被臨床醫(yī)師所認(rèn)可,因此特異性生物標(biāo)志物和治療靶點(diǎn)的研究顯得十分重要[3]。

AGAP2-AS1是一種定位于12q14.1的反義lncRNA(long noncoding RNA),現(xiàn)有多項(xiàng)研究發(fā)現(xiàn),AGAP2-AS1在多種腫瘤細(xì)胞中的表達(dá)失調(diào),并與惡性腫瘤的臨床預(yù)后相關(guān)。然而,AGAP2-AS1在CRC中的表達(dá)及其作用報(bào)道較少[4]。因此,本研究旨在探究AGAP2-AS1在結(jié)腸癌組織中的表達(dá)及對(duì)結(jié)腸癌細(xì)胞增殖、凋亡的影響,現(xiàn)報(bào)道如下。

1 資料和方法

1.1 TCGA結(jié)直腸RNA-Seq數(shù)據(jù)

從美國(guó)TCGA(The Cancer Genome Atlas) 數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)結(jié)直腸數(shù)據(jù)下載結(jié)腸癌患者的RNA-Seq數(shù)據(jù)[5]。

1.2 材料和細(xì)胞培養(yǎng)

人CRC細(xì)胞系(SW480、HCT-116細(xì)胞)和人結(jié)腸黏膜上皮細(xì)胞(NCM460)購(gòu)自中國(guó)科學(xué)院細(xì)胞庫(kù)(中國(guó)上海)。10%胎牛血清(TBD公司),DMEM培養(yǎng)液(美國(guó)Gibco公司),CO2無(wú)菌培養(yǎng)箱(美國(guó)Thermo公司);AGAP2-AS1的si-RNA慢病毒(si-AGAP2-AS1)、對(duì)照(si-NC)、TRIzol試劑、逆轉(zhuǎn)錄試劑盒和SYBR Green預(yù)混液(TaKaRa公司,日本),CCK8試劑盒(Dojindo公司,日本)。

細(xì)胞培養(yǎng)在含10%胎牛血清的RPMI1640培養(yǎng)基(Invitrogen公司)中,置于37℃、CO2培養(yǎng)箱中,間隔2 d更換培養(yǎng)基1次。

1.3 定量實(shí)時(shí)PCR

根據(jù)說(shuō)明書(shū)實(shí)驗(yàn)步驟,使用Trizol試劑(Invitrogen)提取總RNA。首先,使用SuperScript IV逆轉(zhuǎn)錄酶(Thermo Fisher Scientific)進(jìn)行逆轉(zhuǎn)錄以合成cDNA后,在Applied Biosystems 7500實(shí)時(shí)PCR系統(tǒng)(ABI,美國(guó))上使用PrimeScript RT Master Mix(Takara,大連)進(jìn)行PCR 測(cè)定。所有反應(yīng)一式三份進(jìn)行,并選擇2-△△Ct方法用于分析AFAP1-AS1相對(duì)表達(dá)水平。18S rRNA分別用作mRNA的內(nèi)部參考。用2-△△Ct法分析相對(duì)表達(dá)。所有實(shí)驗(yàn)一式三份進(jìn)行。引物序列為對(duì)AGAP2-AS1,5'-TACCTTGACCTTGCTGCTCTC-3'(正向)和5'-TGTCCCTTAATGACCCCATCC-3'(反向);18S rRNA,5'-CTTAATTTGACTCAACACGGGA-3'(正向)和5'-AGCTATCAATCTGTCAATCCTGT-3'(反向)。

1.4 細(xì)胞轉(zhuǎn)染

依據(jù)操作手冊(cè),從GenePharma(上海)購(gòu)買(mǎi)特異性靶向AGAP2-AS1(si-AGAP2-AS1)和陰性對(duì)照siRNA(si-NC),使用Lipofectamine 3000 Reagents(Invitrogen)將這些質(zhì)粒轉(zhuǎn)染到細(xì)胞系中[6]。

1.5 CCK-8 法測(cè)定細(xì)胞增殖能力

通過(guò)CCK-8試劑盒評(píng)估不同組的細(xì)胞增殖率。將特異性靶向AGAP2-AS1(si-AGAP2-AS1)和陰性對(duì)照siRNA(si-NC)兩組細(xì)胞(密度每孔1×104個(gè)細(xì)胞)接種到96孔板中,各組細(xì)胞經(jīng)胰酶消化后,重懸于完全培養(yǎng)基中,調(diào)整濃度至10個(gè)/μL后,繼續(xù)培養(yǎng)0、24、48、72 h,分別加入10%CCK-8溶液。然后,將10 μL CCK-8溶液加入每個(gè)孔中,并將細(xì)胞在37℃、5%CO2下再保持1~2 h。最后,使用分光光度計(jì)測(cè)量450 nm處的吸光度,以代表細(xì)胞增殖能力,連續(xù)測(cè)量5 d[7]。

1.6 流式細(xì)胞術(shù)

通過(guò)流式細(xì)胞術(shù)分析測(cè)量細(xì)胞凋亡。將用si-AGAP2-AS1和si-NC轉(zhuǎn)染的細(xì)胞分別放入6孔板中,加入不含血清的RPMI培養(yǎng)基饑餓24 h后重新加入完全培養(yǎng)基中培養(yǎng)24 h。隨后,使用PBS洗滌并重懸細(xì)胞。然后,使用膜聯(lián)蛋白V-FITC和PI在室溫下(避光)染色細(xì)胞15 min。用流式細(xì)胞儀檢查細(xì)胞群[8]。

1.7 統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)方法

使用SPSS21.0統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)軟件進(jìn)行分析。所有計(jì)量資料用均數(shù)±標(biāo)準(zhǔn)差(x±s)表示,采用t檢驗(yàn),P<0.05為差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義。

2 結(jié)果

2.1 TCGA數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)中AGAP2-AS1在CRC組織中的表達(dá)情況及小干擾序列在CRC細(xì)胞系中的干擾效率

通過(guò)TCGA數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)獲得356例結(jié)直腸癌,145例健康樣本,其中CRC組織中AGAP2-AS表達(dá)水平為(3.177±0.185),而正常組織中表達(dá)水平為(1.003±0.088)。其表達(dá)水平顯著上調(diào)(P<0.01),兩者差異具有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(圖1)。通過(guò)siRNA成功抑制結(jié)腸癌細(xì)胞中AGAP2-AS1表達(dá),通過(guò) qRT PCR 實(shí)驗(yàn)發(fā)現(xiàn)轉(zhuǎn)染了siRNA的細(xì)胞AGAP2-AS1表達(dá)水平明顯低于轉(zhuǎn)染siRNA的si-NC組,表達(dá)量下調(diào)近50%,差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P<0.05)(圖2),可滿足后續(xù)實(shí)驗(yàn)。

2.2 干擾AGAP2-AS表達(dá)抑制結(jié)腸癌細(xì)胞增殖和誘導(dǎo)凋亡

然后通過(guò)CCK8檢測(cè)CRC組及si-NC組的吸光度,CCK8實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果顯示,轉(zhuǎn)染0、24、48、72 h后,si-NC組吸光度值分別為(0.5007±0.0035)、(1.0356±0.0097)、(1.3273±0.0081)、(1.6953±0.0073);si-AGAP2-AS1組吸光度值分別為(0.4523±0.0031)、(0.8526±0.0065)、(1.0402±0.0086)、(1.1663±0.0202);兩組吸光度值比較差異均有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P<0.05)。AGAP2-AS1干擾組吸光度明顯減低(P<0.05)(圖3);且隨著時(shí)間的推移,干擾組和對(duì)照組的吸光度差異逐漸增大(圖3);同時(shí)流式細(xì)胞術(shù)實(shí)驗(yàn)顯示,細(xì)胞凋亡數(shù)量由(181±14)升至(369±15),其凋亡顯著增加,差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P<0.05),見(jiàn)圖4。

3 討論

結(jié)腸癌發(fā)病率僅次于肺癌及肝癌,在全世界非常常見(jiàn),目前全球每年新增確診結(jié)腸癌例數(shù)在120萬(wàn)左右,然而由于國(guó)內(nèi)人們體檢意識(shí)不強(qiáng),且結(jié)腸癌早期無(wú)明顯特異性臨床表現(xiàn),僅表現(xiàn)為排便習(xí)慣改變,故很多患者在被確診為結(jié)腸癌時(shí)已經(jīng)處于晚期。因此尋找關(guān)鍵的特異性生物標(biāo)志物對(duì)于腫瘤的診斷、治療和預(yù)后至關(guān)重要[9-11]。

[7] Li W,Sun M,Zang C,et al. Upregulated long non-coding RNA AGAP2-AS1 represses LATS2 and KLF2 expression through interacting with EZH2 and LSD1 in non-small-cell lung cancer cells[J]. Cell Death & Disease,2016, 7:e2225-e2228.

[8] Wang H,F(xiàn)ang L,Jiang J,et al. The cisplatin-induced lncRNA PANDAR dictates the chemoresistance of ovarian cancer via regulating SFRS2-mediated p53 phosphorylation[J]. Cell Death & Disease,2018,9(11):1103-1108.

[9] Zanconato F,Cordenonsi M,Piccolo S. YAP and TAZ:A signalling hub of the tumour microenvironment[J]. Nature reviews Cancer,2019,64(17):113-117.

[10] Grelet S,Link LA,Howley B,et al. A regulated PNUTS mRNA to lncRNA splice switch mediates EMT and tumour progression[J]. Nature Cell Biology,2017,19(9):1105-1115.

[11] Li C,Liu T,Zhang Y,et al. LncRNA-ZDHHC8P1 promotes the progression and metastasis of colorectal cancer by targeting miR-34a[J]. European Review for Medical and Pharmacological Sciences,2019,23(4):1476-1486.

[12] Kita Y,Yonemori K,Osako Y,et al. Noncoding RNA and colorectal cancer:Its epigenetic role[J]. Journal of Human Genetics,2017,62(1):41-47.

[13] Wang YQ,Jiang DM,Hu SS,et al. SATB2-AS1 suppresses colorectal carcinoma aggressiveness by inhibiting SATB2-dependent snail transcription and epithelial-mesenchymal transition[J]. Cancer Research,2019,63(15):1141-1147.

[14] 卞承玲,戴劍,陸亞云,等. 基于癌癥基因組圖譜數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)的結(jié)直腸癌競(jìng)爭(zhēng)性內(nèi)源RNA網(wǎng)絡(luò)的構(gòu)建與分析[J]. 海軍醫(yī)學(xué)雜志,2018,39(4):330-335.

[15] Van Cutsem E,Khayat D,Verslype C,et al. Phase Ⅰ dose-escalation study of intravenous aflibercept administered in combination with irinotecan,5-fluorouracil and leucovorin in patients with advanced solid tumours[J]. Eur J Cancer,2013,49(1):17-24.

[16] Fan KJ,Liu Y,Yang B,et al. Prognostic and diagnostic significance of long non-coding RNA AGAP2-AS1 levels in patients with non-small cell lung cancer[J]. European Review for Medical and Pharmacological Sciences,2017,21(10):2392-2396.

[17] Tournigand C,André T,Achille E,et al. FOLFIRI followed by FOLFOX6 or the reverse sequence in advanced colorectal cancer:A randomized GERCOR study[J]. Clin Oncol,2004,22(2):229-237.

[18] Luo W,Li X,Song Z,et al. Long non-coding RNA AGAP2-AS1 exerts oncogenic properties in glioblastoma by epigenetically silencing TFPI2 through EZH2 and LSD1[J]. Aging,2019,11(11):3811-3823.

[19] Van Cutsem E,Tabernero J,Lakomy R,et al. Addition of aflibercept to fluorouracil,leucovorin,and irinotecan improves survival in a phase Ⅲ randomized trial in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer previously treated with an oxaliplatin-based regimen[J]. Clin Oncol,2012, 30(28):3499-3506.

[20] Zhang M,Zhao Y,Zhang Y,et al. LncRNA UCA1 promotes migration and invasion in pancreatic cancer cells via the Hippo pathway[J]. Biochimica Et Biophysica Acta Molecular Basis of Disease,2018,1864(5 Pt A):1770-1782.

[21] Shrikhande SV. FDA approves regorafenib(Stivarga) for GIST[J]. Oncology,2013,27(3):164-166.

(收稿日期:2019-11-14)

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