張中潤(rùn) 高燕 黃建峰 朱敏 肖麗燕 項(xiàng)丹丹
摘要:【目的】探明不同芒果品種對(duì)薊馬的抗性及其機(jī)理,為芒果抗性品種選育及薊馬的綜合治理提供理論參考?!痉椒ā恳赞r(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村部儋州芒果種質(zhì)圃內(nèi)的40個(gè)芒果品種為材料,采用盤拍法調(diào)查不同芒果品種嫩梢上的薊馬蟲口密度,以蟲量比值法鑒定40個(gè)芒果品種對(duì)薊馬的抗蟲性;觀測(cè)40個(gè)芒果品種的嫩葉顏色、嫩梢密度和嫩梢生長(zhǎng)期等性狀,分析其對(duì)薊馬為害的影響?!窘Y(jié)果】40個(gè)參試芒果品種中有高抗品種5個(gè)、抗蟲品種5個(gè)、中抗品種8個(gè)、感蟲品種13個(gè)和高感品種9個(gè),各抗性品種的單梢蟲量比值分別為0.04~0.10、0.13~0.17、0.22~0.36、0.52~1.47和1.79~4.20,占比分別為12.5%、12.5%、20.0%、32.5%和22.5%。不同嫩葉顏色芒果品種的平均蟲口數(shù)量排序?yàn)殇\黃色>銅褐色>古粉紅色>黃綠色>紫紅色,嫩葉為鋅黃色芒果品種的蟲口數(shù)量最大(10.7頭/梢),顯著高于其他4種顏色的芒果品種(P<0.05),銅褐色、古粉紅色、黃綠色和紫紅色的芒果品種之間蟲口數(shù)量差異不顯著(P>0.05,下同);芒果單株嫩梢密度與薊馬蟲口密度呈正相關(guān)(r=0.044),但未達(dá)顯著水平;不同嫩梢生長(zhǎng)期芒果品種的平均蟲口密度排序?yàn)槌跗?中期>末期,但3個(gè)不同生長(zhǎng)時(shí)期的芒果嫩梢蟲口密度差異不顯著。【結(jié)論】Jan-78、緬甸3號(hào)、紅暈芒、河口本地芒和肯特為高抗品種,具有較好的抗薊馬育種潛力,可為今后開(kāi)展芒果抗薊馬育種提供重要材料。芒果品種的抗蟲性與其嫩葉顏色密切相關(guān),鋅黃色的嫩葉是芒果薊馬趨于為害的重要因素。
關(guān)鍵詞: 薊馬;芒果品種;顏色;抗蟲性
中圖分類號(hào): S436.679;S433.89? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? 文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)志碼: A 文章編號(hào):2095-1191(2020)07-1591-07
Abstract:【Objective】To identify the resistance of different mango varieties to thrips and explore the mechanisms underlying the resistance, provide a theoretical basis for breeding resistant mango varieties and developing comprehensive prevention and control methods for thrips. 【Method】Forty mango varieties in Danzhou mango germplasm repository of ministry of agriculture and rural affairs were used as tested materials in this study. The thrips density on different mango varieties new shoots were observed with plate-flapping method, and identified the resistance of 40 mango varieties to thrips with number ratio method.? The young leaves color, young shoot density and young shoot grow period of the 40 mango varieties were also observed, their effects on the infestation of thrips on mango varieties were analyzed.? 【Result】Among the 40 mango varieties examined, no variety was immune, 5 varieties were highly resistant, 5 varieties were resistant, 8 varieties were medium resistant, 13 varieties were susceptible, and 9 varieties were highly susceptible. The thrip number ratios per shoot of different resistant levels were 0.04-0.10, 0.13-0.17, 0.22-0.36, 0.52-1.47 and 1.79-4.20,with the ratios were 12.5%, 12.5%, 20.0%, 32.5% and 22.5%, respectively. The ranking of thrips density of mango varie-ties in different young leaves color was zinc yellow>copper brown>antique pink>yellow green>purple red, the mango varieties with zinc yellow leaves had the highest thrips density(10.7 thrips/shoot), which was significantly higher than the other four colors(P<0.05). No significant difference on thrips density was found in different mango varieties with copper brown, antique pink, yellow green and purple red young leaves(P>0.05, the same below). The density of young shoots per plant was positively correlated(r=0.044) with thrips density but did not reach significant level. The ranking thrips density of mango varieties at different young shoot grow periods wasinitial stage>middle stage>terminal stage,but no significant difference on thrips density was found among different young shoot grow periods. 【Conclusion】Of the 40 mango varie-ties tested, Jan-78, Myanmar 3, Kente, Hekoubendimang and Hongyunmang are highly resistant varieties, they have good breeding potential for thrips resistance and can provide important materials for the future mango thrips resistant breeding. The resistance of mango varieties is closely correlated with young leaves color,mango varieties with zinc yellow young leaves are more susceptible to thrips.
Key words: thrip; mango varieties; color; insect resistance
Foundation item: Agriculture International Exchange and Cooperation Project of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs(BARTP-01-2020); Project of Guangdong Key Laboratory of Tropical and Subtropical Fruit Tree Research(2017B030314113)
0 引言
【研究意義】薊馬是芒果的主要害蟲,在芒果嫩梢期、花期及果期均可發(fā)生為害。芒果果實(shí)被薊馬為害后會(huì)在果皮上形成褐斑,降低芒果商品價(jià)值,同時(shí)造成芒果產(chǎn)量損失,受害輕的果園一般產(chǎn)量損失10%~25%,受害嚴(yán)重的果園產(chǎn)量損失可達(dá)42%以上(林長(zhǎng)河,2004)。自2001年以來(lái),由于全球氣候變暖、芒果栽培面積擴(kuò)大等因素有利于薊馬發(fā)育、繁殖和為害,芒果薊馬的危害越來(lái)越嚴(yán)重,已成為芒果生產(chǎn)上最主要的害蟲(Aliakbarpour and Salmah,2011b;Toda et al.,2014;韓冬銀等,2015;丁春霞等,2019)。芒果薊馬的種類有10余種,其中優(yōu)勢(shì)種群有茶黃薊馬(Scirtothrips dorsalis Hood)和黃胸薊馬[Thrips hawaiiensis(Morgan)](陳澤坦,2004;黃華等,2010;Chen et al.,2018)。當(dāng)前,芒果薊馬主要以化學(xué)防治為主(付步禮等,2016;韓冬銀等,2017),但化學(xué)藥劑的長(zhǎng)期使用導(dǎo)致薊馬抗藥性增強(qiáng)、環(huán)境污染和天敵數(shù)量減少等問(wèn)題(Bielza,2008);同時(shí),由于薊馬體小,隱蔽性強(qiáng)(Morse and Hoddle,2006;Cao et al.,2017;Gao et al.,2019;李貌等,2020),不易發(fā)現(xiàn)其為害,通常在芒果出現(xiàn)明顯被害癥狀時(shí)才會(huì)被發(fā)現(xiàn),極易錯(cuò)過(guò)化學(xué)防治的最佳時(shí)期。推廣種植優(yōu)良抗性芒果品種有助于減少化學(xué)藥劑的使用,達(dá)到可持續(xù)防控芒果薊馬的效果(Birkett and Pickett,2014)。因此,研究不同芒果品種對(duì)薊馬的抗蟲性,有助于篩選出抗性水平較高的育種材料和培育出抗薊馬的芒果品種,為芒果薊馬的綜合治理提供有力支持?!厩叭搜芯窟M(jìn)展】寄主植物在受到薊馬攻擊時(shí),其特有的形態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)、組織結(jié)構(gòu)、生長(zhǎng)特性、特殊化學(xué)成分和揮發(fā)性氣體等在預(yù)防或減輕傷害中起關(guān)鍵作用(欽俊德和王琛柱,2001;Mallikarjuna et al.,2004)。寄主形態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)是影響薊馬抗性的重要因素。余德億等(2014)發(fā)現(xiàn)榕管薊馬(Gynaikothrips uzeli Zimmermann)為害與盆栽榕樹(shù)品種有關(guān),榕樹(shù)的葉片切面結(jié)構(gòu)及主要營(yíng)養(yǎng)物質(zhì)含量均可影響榕管薊馬對(duì)寄主植物的銼吸為害;白宇等(2015)評(píng)價(jià)了苜蓿品種對(duì)薊馬的抗性,發(fā)現(xiàn)抗性最高的品種為Brarlfa53HQ,最感蟲的品種為5S43,并認(rèn)為苜蓿品種的葉片大小、絨毛密度、表皮結(jié)構(gòu)和葉色等農(nóng)藝性狀可能對(duì)其抗性有影響;李德偉等(2016)發(fā)現(xiàn)7個(gè)油茶品種在林間受茶黃薊馬為害程度與其葉片表面茸毛分布存在一定正相關(guān)性,葉片表面茸毛分布越多越感蟲,分布越少越抗蟲;孫楊等(2017)研究表明,蘆筍品種的抗薊馬性與其表皮蠟質(zhì)含量呈顯著相關(guān)。顏色是寄主植物形態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)中影響薊馬抗性的重要因素之一。特木爾布和和斯琴(2014)發(fā)現(xiàn)抗薊馬紫花苜蓿受薊馬為害輕,抗蟲性強(qiáng),葉色為深綠色,葉形窄而厚,柔毛質(zhì)硬、短粗、緊密,而草原2號(hào)苜蓿受薊馬為害較重,易感薊馬,葉色為淺綠色,葉形寬而薄,柔毛柔軟細(xì)弱;曹宇等(2015)發(fā)現(xiàn)西花薊馬[Frankliniella occidentalis(Pergande)]對(duì)花卉寄主顏色的偏好性為黃色>白色>綠色>粉紅色;張曉明等(2017)研究了不同花色菊花品種上西花薊馬種群密度,發(fā)現(xiàn)西花薊馬偏好為害與黃色花色相關(guān)的菊花品種。關(guān)于芒果品種對(duì)薊馬的抗蟲性研究少有報(bào)道。丁春霞等(2019)發(fā)現(xiàn)黃胸薊馬、茶黃薊馬和花薊馬[F. intonsa(Trybom)]在凱特、金煌、四季和季芒上有顯著的選擇性,季芒芒果對(duì)薊馬具有一定的抗蟲性,說(shuō)明不同芒果品種可影響芒果薊馬發(fā)生為害,不同芒果品種可能存在抗蟲性差異。組成抗性在寄主植物體內(nèi)對(duì)于薊馬為害的防御發(fā)揮著至關(guān)重要的作用,不同芒果品種可能也存在可應(yīng)用于薊馬防控的組成抗性。【本研究切入點(diǎn)】農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村部儋州芒果種質(zhì)圃內(nèi)保存了豐富的芒果種質(zhì)資源,是我國(guó)芒果育種的重要材料(羅睿雄等,2013)。芒果品種資源具有不同的植物學(xué)特征、農(nóng)藝性狀或品質(zhì)性狀(高龍燕等,2012;石勝友等,2014),這些特征或性狀的差異均可能會(huì)對(duì)薊馬的為害造成影響,從而導(dǎo)致不同芒果品種對(duì)薊馬的抗性差異。本研究擬從不同芒果嫩梢的嫩葉顏色、嫩梢密度和嫩梢生長(zhǎng)期等幾個(gè)方面探索不同芒果品種對(duì)薊馬的組成抗性?!緮M解決的關(guān)鍵問(wèn)題】選擇農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村部儋州芒果種質(zhì)圃內(nèi)40個(gè)芒果品種,觀測(cè)不同芒果品種的薊馬蟲口數(shù)量,同時(shí)觀察不同芒果品種的嫩葉顏色、嫩梢密度和嫩梢生長(zhǎng)期等性狀,以探明40個(gè)芒果品種資源對(duì)薊馬的抗蟲性,并探索其抗性機(jī)理,為后期芒果抗薊馬育種和薊馬的綜合治理提供理論參考。
1 材料與方法
1. 1 試驗(yàn)材料
1. 1. 1 供試芒果品種 以農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村部儋州芒果種質(zhì)圃(東經(jīng)109°30′,北緯19°31′)的凱特、紅金煌、R2E2、呂宋、香白花和金鳳凰等40個(gè)芒果品種為供試品種。供試品種大多數(shù)為國(guó)外引進(jìn)品種,其砧木均為本地土芒。供試芒果品種均種植在同一個(gè)區(qū)塊,株行距3 m×5 m,栽培過(guò)程中管理水平一致,常規(guī)管理。
1. 1. 2 薊馬種類 芒果嫩梢期的薊馬種類以茶黃薊馬為優(yōu)勢(shì)種群,占比92%;其次為黃胸薊馬,占比5%;其他薊馬如紅帶薊馬和榕管薊馬等較少,占比3%。
1. 2 試驗(yàn)方法
1. 2. 1 芒果品種對(duì)薊馬的抗性評(píng)價(jià) 試驗(yàn)在海南省儋州市中國(guó)熱帶農(nóng)業(yè)科學(xué)院熱帶作物品種資源研究所的農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村部芒果種質(zhì)圃內(nèi)進(jìn)行。于2019年11月下旬芒果嫩梢期進(jìn)行調(diào)查,調(diào)查時(shí)均為晴天,持續(xù)3 d,于每天9:00后進(jìn)行。每個(gè)芒果品種選擇3株,每株隨機(jī)選擇5個(gè)嫩梢,以盤拍法進(jìn)行薊馬數(shù)量調(diào)查。查蟲時(shí)左手持保鮮盒,右手將調(diào)查嫩梢聚攏放入保鮮盒中并在盒內(nèi)壁快速用力拍動(dòng),每個(gè)嫩梢重拍5次,使薊馬振落于保鮮盒內(nèi),然后仔細(xì)清點(diǎn)和記錄保鮮盒內(nèi)薊馬蟲量。
采用蟲量比值法對(duì)40個(gè)芒果品種的抗性進(jìn)行鑒定(袁慶華和張文淑,2006;賈彥霞等,2018),抗性標(biāo)準(zhǔn)分為5個(gè)等級(jí):薊馬量比值≤0.10,高抗(HR);0.10<薊馬量比值≤0.20,抗蟲(R);0.20<薊馬量比值≤0.50,中抗(MR);0.50<薊馬量比值≤1.50,感蟲(S);薊馬量比值>1.50,高感(HS)。
嫩梢被害率(%)=被害嫩梢數(shù)量/調(diào)查總嫩梢數(shù)
量×100
薊馬量比值=各芒果品種平均單梢薊馬量/全部
參試芒果品種的平均單梢薊馬量
1. 2. 2 不同芒果品種農(nóng)藝性狀及與薊馬發(fā)生程度的關(guān)系 在農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村部儋州芒果種質(zhì)圃觀測(cè)不同芒果品種嫩梢的農(nóng)藝學(xué)性狀,主要包括顏色、嫩梢密度和嫩梢生長(zhǎng)期,并分析這些性狀對(duì)薊馬發(fā)生為害的影響。
嫩葉顏色:目測(cè)不同芒果品種嫩葉正面的顏色,用RAL色卡按最大相似原則確定嫩葉顏色類別,然后比較不同顏色類別的薊馬發(fā)生程度的差異。嫩梢密度:計(jì)數(shù)每株觀測(cè)芒果的嫩梢數(shù)量,繼而分析芒果嫩梢密度與薊馬發(fā)生程度的相關(guān)性。嫩梢生長(zhǎng)期:目測(cè)不同芒果品種的嫩葉生長(zhǎng)情況,分為初期、中期和末期3個(gè)不同生長(zhǎng)期。初期嫩葉:嫩梢外部嫩葉成簇且未展開(kāi);中期嫩葉:嫩梢外部嫩葉展開(kāi)但未發(fā)育完全;末期嫩葉:嫩梢外部嫩葉完全展開(kāi)且初步發(fā)育完全。
1. 3 統(tǒng)計(jì)分析
采用Excel 2016對(duì)試驗(yàn)數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行統(tǒng)計(jì),運(yùn)用SPSS 21.0進(jìn)行單因素方差分析,應(yīng)用最小顯著差數(shù)法(LSD)進(jìn)行差異顯著性檢驗(yàn)。
2 結(jié)果與分析
2. 1 不同芒果品種對(duì)薊馬的抗性測(cè)定結(jié)果
田間調(diào)查結(jié)果(表1)表明,供試40個(gè)芒果品種均受到薊馬的為害,不同芒果品種的薊馬蟲口密度差異顯著(F=12.484,P<0.0001)。由表1可知,不同芒果品種的蟲口密度為0.2~19.4頭/梢,平均4.6頭/梢。其中,c芒、凱特、21芒和紅金煌等4個(gè)芒果品種的蟲口密度最高(14.3~19.4頭/梢),23芒、瓦城、R2E2、太太芒和JNY等5個(gè)芒果品種的蟲口密度也相對(duì)較高(8.3~12.9頭/梢),阿方索實(shí)生2、20芒、a芒和紫花等12個(gè)芒果品種的蟲口密度在中等水平(2.8~6.8頭/梢),芒1、秋芒、香白花和紅象牙等9個(gè)芒果品種蟲口密度相對(duì)較低(1.0~2.4頭/梢),Jan-78、緬甸3號(hào)、紅暈芒和河口本地芒等10個(gè)芒果品種蟲口密度最低,均低于1.0頭/梢(0.2~0.8頭/梢)。
在40個(gè)芒果品種中,有15個(gè)芒果品種的嫩梢被害率達(dá)100.0%,皆為高感或感蟲品種,其他品種的嫩梢被害率在20.0%~93.3%。田間抗性鑒定結(jié)果表明,在供試的40個(gè)芒果品種中,有高抗品種5個(gè),分別為Jan-78、緬甸3號(hào)、紅暈芒、河口本地芒和肯特,單梢蟲量比值為0.04~0.10,占12.5%;抗蟲品種5個(gè),分別為金鳳凰、球芒、愛(ài)文、三亞土芒和生食芒,單梢蟲量比值為0.13~0.17,占12.5%;中抗品種8個(gè),分別為阿方索實(shí)生1、扁桃芒、紅光6號(hào)、d芒、東坡香芒、紅象牙、香白花和秋芒,單梢蟲量比值為0.22~0.36,占20.0%;感蟲品種13個(gè),分別為芒1、印P、田陽(yáng)香芒、紅桃芒、印K、大紅緬、廣西土芒、芒5、呂宋、紫花、a芒、20芒和阿方索實(shí)生2,單梢蟲量比值為0.52~1.47,占32.5%;高感品種9個(gè),分別為JNY、太太芒、R2E2、瓦城、23芒、紅金煌、21芒、凱特和c芒,單梢蟲量比值為1.79~4.20,占22.5%。
2. 2 不同芒果品種嫩葉顏色與薊馬為害程度間的關(guān)系
對(duì)供試40個(gè)芒果品種的嫩葉顏色進(jìn)行觀察,結(jié)果(表2)發(fā)現(xiàn)不同嫩葉顏色芒果品種的薊馬蟲口數(shù)量差異顯著(F=5.031,P<0.003)。不同嫩葉顏色芒果品種的平均蟲口數(shù)量排序?yàn)殇\黃色>銅褐色>古粉紅色>黃綠色>紫紅色。嫩葉為鋅黃色芒果品種的平均薊馬數(shù)量最多,為10.7頭/梢,顯著高于其他4種顏色的芒果品種(P<0.05),銅褐色、古粉紅色、黃綠色和紫紅色的芒果品種之間蟲口數(shù)量差異不顯著(P>0.05,下同)。
2. 3 不同芒果品種嫩梢密度與薊馬為害程度間的關(guān)系
供試40個(gè)芒果品種的嫩梢密度見(jiàn)表3。對(duì)不同單株嫩梢密度與薊馬蟲量的相關(guān)性進(jìn)行分析,結(jié)果顯示,芒果單株嫩梢密度與薊馬蟲口密度呈正相關(guān)(r=0.044),但其相關(guān)系數(shù)均未達(dá)顯著水平(P=0.787),表明芒果單株嫩梢密度對(duì)芒果品種的抗蟲性影響較小。
2. 4 不同芒果品種嫩梢生長(zhǎng)期與薊馬為害程度間的關(guān)系
供試40個(gè)芒果品種嫩梢生長(zhǎng)期的薊馬為害情況見(jiàn)表4。不同嫩梢生長(zhǎng)期芒果品種的平均蟲口密度排序?yàn)槌跗?中期>末期,初期的芒果嫩梢平均蟲口密度最大(6.1頭/梢),其次為中期(4.7頭/梢),末期的芒果嫩梢蟲口密度最?。?.8頭/梢),但3個(gè)不同生長(zhǎng)時(shí)期的芒果嫩梢蟲口密度差異不顯著。
3 討論
本研究以薊馬量比值為參考指標(biāo),對(duì)嫩梢期40個(gè)芒果品種對(duì)薊馬的抗蟲性進(jìn)行鑒定,結(jié)果表明,Jan-78、緬甸3號(hào)、紅暈芒、河口本地芒和肯特為高抗品種,金鳳凰、球芒、愛(ài)文、三亞土芒和生食芒為抗蟲品種,阿方索實(shí)生1、扁桃芒、紅光6號(hào)、d芒、東坡香芒、紅象牙、香白花和秋芒為中抗品種,芒1、印P、田陽(yáng)香芒、紅桃芒、印K、大紅緬、廣西土芒、芒5、呂宋、紫花、a芒、20芒和阿方索實(shí)生2為感蟲品種,JNY、太太芒、R2E2、瓦城、23芒、紅金煌、21芒、凱特和c芒為高感品種。本研究結(jié)果對(duì)抗薊馬芒果品種選育具有一定的參考作用。
趨色性是薊馬類害蟲的重要習(xí)性,基于此特征的薊馬綜合治理實(shí)踐已有大量應(yīng)用(陳俊諭等,2017;夏西亞等,2017;夏紅軍等,2019)。在芒果園中,薊馬對(duì)不同嫩葉顏色的芒果品種也會(huì)有不同的趨性,并導(dǎo)致薊馬為害差異。本研究調(diào)查結(jié)果表明,薊馬蟲口數(shù)量在鋅黃色與非鋅黃色嫩葉不同芒果品種間差異顯著,表明薊馬對(duì)芒果品種的選擇與芒果嫩葉顏色有直接關(guān)系,非鋅黃色嫩葉的芒果品種抗蟲性較強(qiáng)。在本研究中,芒果嫩梢期的薊馬種類以茶黃薊馬為主,也有少量黃胸薊馬,說(shuō)明這2種薊馬對(duì)鋅黃色的芒果嫩葉均有較強(qiáng)的趨性。林金麗等(2009)研究色彩對(duì)茶園昆蟲引誘力時(shí)發(fā)現(xiàn)素馨黃對(duì)茶黃薊馬誘集效果最佳。Aliakbarpour和Salmah(2011a)也發(fā)現(xiàn)黃胸薊馬和茶黃薊馬對(duì)黃色粘板均有較強(qiáng)的趨性。夏紅軍等(2019)研究發(fā)現(xiàn)藍(lán)色誘蟲板在以黃胸薊馬、花薊馬和茶黃薊馬為主的芒果園中誘集到的薊馬數(shù)量最多(154.6頭/板),其次是黃色誘蟲板(85.0頭/板)。前人研究報(bào)道多是茶黃薊馬和黃胸薊馬等對(duì)黃色或近似黃色的色板有較強(qiáng)的趨性,本研究結(jié)果與之相似。因此,在田間防控芒果薊馬時(shí),應(yīng)著重注意在芒果嫩葉呈現(xiàn)黃色或近似黃色的時(shí)期對(duì)薊馬采取防控措施,避免薊馬特別是茶黃薊馬和黃胸薊馬等暴發(fā)為害。
本研究雖然發(fā)現(xiàn)單株芒果嫩梢密度與薊馬蟲口數(shù)量呈正相關(guān),表明芒果單株高密度的嫩梢有助于薊馬為害,但其影響不顯著。不同嫩梢生長(zhǎng)期也未發(fā)現(xiàn)對(duì)薊馬蟲口數(shù)量有顯著影響,說(shuō)明隨著芒果嫩葉的生長(zhǎng)并趨于成熟,嫩葉的大小形態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)對(duì)薊馬為害的影響不大,但嫩葉中的化學(xué)物質(zhì)如可溶性蛋白質(zhì)、葉綠素、類胡蘿卜素和纖維素等對(duì)薊馬為害的影響還有待進(jìn)一步探究。
4 結(jié)論
Jan-78、緬甸3號(hào)、紅暈芒、河口本地芒和肯特為高抗品種,具有較好的抗薊馬育種潛力,可為今后開(kāi)展芒果抗薊馬育種提供重要材料。JNY、太太芒、R2E2、瓦城、23芒、紅金煌、21芒、凱特和c芒為高感品種,在芒果生產(chǎn)中應(yīng)注意對(duì)薊馬類害蟲的防控。芒果品種的抗蟲性與其嫩葉顏色密切相關(guān),鋅黃色的嫩葉是芒果薊馬趨于為害的重要因素。
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(責(zé)任編輯 麻小燕)