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衛(wèi)生棉條聯(lián)合創(chuàng)面修復(fù)抗菌敷料在ICU患者大便失禁相關(guān)性皮炎護理中的效果

2020-12-14 04:16劉華麗李毓龍汪俊英
中國醫(yī)藥導(dǎo)報 2020年29期

劉華麗 李毓龍 汪俊英

[摘要] 目的 探討衛(wèi)生棉條聯(lián)合創(chuàng)面修復(fù)抗菌敷料在重癥監(jiān)護室(ICU)患者大便失禁相關(guān)性皮炎(IAD)護理中的效果。 方法 選擇2017年10月—2018年12月四川省簡陽市人民醫(yī)院ICU大便失禁患者180例,采用隨機數(shù)字表法分為三組,對照組(A、B組)和實驗組(C組),各60例,A組應(yīng)用衛(wèi)生棉條塞肛治療,B組應(yīng)用創(chuàng)面修復(fù)抗菌敷料,C組同時給予A、B兩組的治療方法。持續(xù)護理1個月,比較三組間失禁相關(guān)性皮炎發(fā)生率、嚴重程度、護理費用、愈合時間和護理滿意度。 結(jié)果 護理后,C組IAD發(fā)生率、嚴重程度、愈合時間及護理費用明顯低于A、B組(P < 0.05),且C組未發(fā)生IAD患者費用明顯低于A、B組(P < 0.05);C組總滿意度明顯高于A、B組(P < 0.05)。 結(jié)論 衛(wèi)生棉條聯(lián)合創(chuàng)面修復(fù)抗菌敷料對于ICU患者IAD護理效果顯著,且能夠明顯降低護理費用,顯著提高患者的護理滿意度,值得在臨床推廣使用。

[關(guān)鍵詞] 衛(wèi)生棉條;創(chuàng)面修復(fù)抗菌敷料;大便失禁;失禁相關(guān)性皮炎

[中圖分類號] R473.5? ? ? ? ? [文獻標識碼] A? ? ? ? ? [文章編號] 1673-7210(2020)10(b)-0163-04

[Abstract] Objective To investigate the effect of tampon combined with wound repairing antibacterial dressing on the care of patients with incontinence-associated dermatitis in ICU. Methods From October 2017 to December 2018, 180 patients who met the criteria for fecal incontinence were selected from department of ICU in Jianyang Municipal People′s Hospital. The randomized number table method was used to divide the patients into three groups, the control group (group A, B) and the experimental group (group C), with 60 patients in each group. The group A was treated with tampon perforator anal therapy, the group B was treated with wound repairing antibacterial dressing, and the group C was given two treatments in the same period. The incidence, severity, nursing expenses, healing time, and nursing satisfaction of incontinent-associated dermatitis (IAD) were compared among the three groups after one month of continuous nursing care. Results After nursing, IAD incidence, severity, healing time and nursing expenses in group C were significantly lower than those in group A and B (P < 0.05), and the expenses of patients without IAD in group C were significantly lower than those in group A and B (P < 0.05). The total satisfaction degree in group C was significantly higher than that in group A and B (P < 0.05). Conclusion The tampon combined with wound repairing antibacterial dressing has a significant nursing effect on ICU patients with fecal incontinence related dermatitis which can significantly reduce the nursing cost of patients and improve the satisfaction of patients. It is worthy of clinical application.

[Key words] Tampon; Wound repairing antibacterial dressing; Fecal incontinence; Incontinence-associated dermatitis

大便失禁是指肛管括約肌對于糞便及氣體的排出失控,屬于排便功能紊亂的一種[1]。失禁相關(guān)性皮炎(incontinence-associated dermatitis,IAD)是大便失禁引起的主要并發(fā)癥之一[2],其通常是由于大便失禁所致外生殖器或會陰部周圍皮膚接觸糞便或者尿液所致[3],臨床癥狀表現(xiàn)為水腫、發(fā)紅和呈現(xiàn)為澄清滲出物大小皰[4-5]。嚴重危害著患者的身心健康,也是困擾患者及家屬的一大難題。重癥監(jiān)護室(intensive care unit,ICU)患者大便IAD的護理顯得尤為重要。衛(wèi)生棉條為棉質(zhì)的圓柱體,其主要成分主要是人造纖維及棉?,F(xiàn)已經(jīng)廣泛應(yīng)用于大便IAD的預(yù)防之中[6]。創(chuàng)面修復(fù)抗菌敷料作為復(fù)方銀離子抗菌敷料,主要是由去離子水、銀離子、穩(wěn)定劑和明膠等組成。能夠起到清潔殺菌和促進愈合作用,且對皮膚無致敏無刺激,使用較為安全[7]。近年來報道創(chuàng)面修復(fù)抗菌敷料在ICU患者大便IAD護理效果較好[8-9],但在臨床護理實踐中發(fā)現(xiàn)單一使用創(chuàng)面修復(fù)抗菌敷料達不到預(yù)期的療效,本研究采用衛(wèi)生棉條聯(lián)合創(chuàng)面修復(fù)抗菌敷料應(yīng)用于ICU患者大便IAD護理,現(xiàn)報道如下:

綜上所述,衛(wèi)生棉條聯(lián)合創(chuàng)面修復(fù)抗菌敷料對于ICU患者大便IAD護理效果顯著且能夠明顯降低患者的護理費用,顯著提高患者的護理滿意度,值得在臨床推廣使用。

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(收稿日期:2020-01-08)