董繼平譯

伊夫·博納富瓦（Yves Bonnefoy，1923-2016），20世紀(jì)法國最重要的詩人之一、翻譯家、文學(xué)評(píng)論家，生于圖爾市，早年在巴黎大學(xué)攻讀高等數(shù)學(xué)、科學(xué)史和哲學(xué)，從1946年起發(fā)表詩作，1953年出版第一部詩集《論杜弗的動(dòng)與靜》而轟動(dòng)法國詩壇，他也因此一舉成名。此后，他又陸續(xù)出版詩集《昨天的空寂的王國》《寫字石》《門檻的誘惑》《在影子的光芒中》《雪的開始與結(jié)束》和《流浪的生命》等多部，均為傳世杰作。他先后獲得過多種國際國內(nèi)詩歌大獎(jiǎng)，1981年起，他成為繼瓦雷里之后在法蘭西學(xué)院講授詩學(xué)的第二位詩人。

反對(duì)柏拉圖（選）

1 ??問題是，這個(gè)物體：一只比真馬頭要大的馬頭鑲嵌著整個(gè)鎮(zhèn)子，街與墻在眼睛之間伸展，有口鼻部位的曲線和延伸。一個(gè)人可以用紙板和木頭制作這個(gè)鎮(zhèn)子，可以用真實(shí)的月亮從側(cè)邊照亮它，問題是，這個(gè)物體：一個(gè)頭發(fā)零亂的女人的蠟制頭顱在唱機(jī)的唱盤上旋轉(zhuǎn)。

源于這里的一切，柳樹之地，衣服之地，石頭之地，那就是：在柳樹和石頭中間的流水之地，濺濕的衣服之地。我告訴你們，這永恒、眼睛空白、對(duì)稱的面龐上的往來者，這覆蓋著血的笑聲，在一個(gè)人的大腦中，比那些只會(huì)喪失嘴里的色彩的完美理念更有分量。

3 ??是什么意義賦予這一點(diǎn)：一個(gè)人用蠟和色彩塑造一個(gè)女人的模擬像，用每一種相似性來裝飾它，憑借光芒的巧妙閃爍，來賦予它那在微笑所表達(dá)的運(yùn)動(dòng)邊緣的相同躊躇。

于是，裝備著火炬，他讓全身屈服于火苗的奇想，在變形中援助，肉體的破裂，在一瞬間形成一千個(gè)可能的形象，被很多怪物照亮，像刀尖觸及這葬禮的辯證，在它里面，血液的塑像再生又碎散，在蠟和色彩的激情之中。

5 ??房間的俘虜，噪音的俘虜，一個(gè)人搓洗紙牌。一張紙牌上面寫著：“永恒，我恨你！”另一張上面寫著：“但愿這個(gè)時(shí)刻釋放我！”

這個(gè)人在第三張紙牌上面寫道：“必不可少的死亡?！币虼耍麘{借他的傷口的光芒，沿著時(shí)間的過失而行。

7 ??一切都不能讓他從他對(duì)黑屋的迷幻中掙脫。倚靠在托盤上面，他試圖把臉固定在大片的水下：嘴唇的運(yùn)動(dòng)總是盛行。

折斷桅桿的臉，消沉的臉，如果你僅僅觸及她的牙齒，她就會(huì)死去？手指掠過時(shí)她可能會(huì)微笑，如同沙子在腳下退讓。

9 ??他們告訴他：掘入這一小塊松動(dòng)的泥土（他的頭），直到你的牙齒碰到石頭。

僅僅覺察到調(diào)節(jié)，遷移，秤盤的顫抖，被它那已經(jīng)在四面八方迸發(fā)中的存在，他尋求侵占的死亡的涼意，他輕而易舉征服沒有青春的永恒和沒有痛苦的完美所確認(rèn)。

時(shí)間圍繞這塊石頭而沸騰。觸摸了這塊石頭：世界的燈盞轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)，秘密的光芒循環(huán)。

ANTI-PLATO（EXCERPTS）

1 ??The question is， this object： a horses head larger than life encrusted with a whole town， streets and walls running between the eyes， assuming the curve and elongation of the muzzle. A man was able to make this town from cardboard and wood， and to light it from the side with a real moon， the question is， this object： the wax-head of a dishevelled woman spinning on the turntable of a phonograph.

All things from here， the land of the osier， of the dress， of the stone， that is： the land of water flowing among osiers and stones， the land of splashed dresses. This laughter covered with blood， I tell you， traffickers in the eternal， blank-eyed， symmetrical faces， weighs more heavily in the head of a man than the perfect Ideas， which do nothing but lose their color in his mouth.

3 ??What meaning give to this： a man shapes the simulacrum of a woman from wax and colors， adorns it with every likeness， compels it to live， gives it by an ingenious play of light that same hesitation on the verge of movement expressed by a smile.

Then， armed with a torch， he surrenders the whole body to the whims of the flame， assists in the deformation， the ruptures of flesh， projects in an instant a thousand possible figures， is lit up by as many monsters， feels like a knifes point this funereal dialectic in which the statue of blood is reborn and breaks up， in the passion of wax and colors.

5 ??Captive of a room， of noise， a man shuffles cards. On one： “Eternity， I hate you！” On another： “May this moment deliver me！”

And on a third the man writes： “Indispensable death.” Thus he walks along the fault of time， by the light of his wound.

7 ??Nothing can tear him away from his obsession with the darkroom. Leaning over the tray he tries to fix the face under the sheet of water： the movement of lips always prevails.

Dismasted face， face in distress， if you merely touch her teeth will she die？ At the passage of fingers she may smile， as sand yields underfoot.

9 ??They told him： dig into this patch of loose earth （his head） until your teeth meet a stone.

Sensible only of the modulation， the passage， the trembling of the scale， of presence affirmed in its already bursting on all sides， he seeks the coolness of encroaching death， he triumphs easily over a youthless eternity and a painless perfection.

Around this stone time seethes. Having touched this stone： the lamps of the world turn， the secret light circulates.

火 蛇

1 ??現(xiàn)在你是夏天最后的空間里的杜弗。

一只火蛇在墻上疾奔。它那顆溫和的人頭散發(fā)出夏天的死亡氣味?！蔼M窄的生活，我想被合圍在你的里面，”杜弗叫喊?！翱占诺拈W電，奔流在我的唇上，穿透我吧！”

“我喜歡讓自己盲目，讓自己屈服于大地。我不再喜歡去了解冷冰冰的牙齒支配我的事物?！?/p>

2 ??整整一夜，我都?jí)粢娔阌衫w維織成，杜弗，最好把你奉獻(xiàn)給火焰。與樹皮聯(lián)姻的綠色塑像，最好欣喜在你閃爍的頭顱里。

我的手指在余燼和嘴唇的爭論下面摸索：我能看見你在朝我微笑。而這在活躍的煤的你的內(nèi)心的融融日子，正在讓我盲目。

3 ??“看看我，看看我吧，我奔跑！”

我靠近你，杜弗，我照亮你的路。我們之間除了這盞石頭的燈、這個(gè)靜止的影子、影子握住的我們的手，則一無所有。

在那個(gè)最靠近的肉體轉(zhuǎn)變知識(shí)的瞬間生活過。

4 ??因此我們醒著不眠，高高地置身于存在之夜。一叢濃陰讓步。

秘密的開始，你憑借什么血液之鳥穿過我們的黑暗而脈動(dòng)？

你在回歸哪個(gè)房間，那黎明的恐怖在窗戶玻璃上加深之處？

THE SALAMANDER

1 ??And now you are Douve in the last room of summer.

A salamander darts on the wall. Its gentle human head gives off the summers death. “I want to be engulfed in you， narrow life，” cries Douve. “Empty lightning， run on my lips， pierce me！”

“I love blinding myself， surrendering myself to the earth. I love no longer knowing what cold teeth possess me.”

2 ??All one night I dreamed you fibrous， Douve， the better to offer you to flame. And green statue wed by bark， the better to rejoice in your glittering head.

Feeling beneath my fingers the dispute of embers and lips： I could see you smiling at me. And this broad day in you of live coals， blinding me.

3 ??“Look at me， look at me， I ran！”

I am near you， Douve， I light your way. Nothing between us but this stony lamp， this stilled shadow， our hands the shadow takes. Startled salamander， you do not move.

Having lived that instant when the nearest flesh turns knowledge.

4 ??Thus we stayed awake， high in the night of being. A thicket gave.

Secret break， by what bird of blood did you pulse through our darkness？

To which room were you returning，where the horror of dawn deepened on the panes？