“我是一個(gè)中間人,介乎夢想與生活之間,介乎祖國與美國之間、中國菜與西餐之間、不年輕與不老之間。我是一個(gè)心中有著一條永不窒息的愛的大河的人?!?/p>
——作者題記
一
在美國西海岸,有片神奇的土地,坐落于舊金山南海灣,任何地圖上都沒有它的名字,但卻全球聞名——那就是硅谷。1971年之前,這里曾經(jīng)是廣袤的果園,而現(xiàn)在則是全世界的高科技圣地。
100多年前,這里的中國人多為淘金客、鐵路工、洗衣工……100多年后的今天,中國人成為大學(xué)教授、企業(yè)CEO甚至政治人物。硅谷改變了世界,中國人改變了硅谷。我們的故事就從這里開始。
紀(jì)錄片《硅谷中國人》將全面記錄中國人在硅谷生活的真實(shí)現(xiàn)狀,他們是在美打拼的華人精英中最具代表性的一群人,展現(xiàn)了中國人的民族奮斗精神,和中國人對于這個(gè)世界的影響力。我們從2015年開始謀劃《硅谷中國人》紀(jì)錄片系列,通過影像來使中國人在美國硅谷的歷史更加豐富和更具啟發(fā)性,試圖通過紀(jì)錄片的方式,講述海外中國人奮斗的歷史和夢想的力量,凝聚形成的海外中國人的奮斗新精神。
《硅谷中國人》第一集《力量》在斯坦福大學(xué)首映后,《中國網(wǎng)》記者問我,片子最想表達(dá)的是什么?是否也是希望給國內(nèi)或者出國的中國年輕一代樹立一種榜樣,讓他們從中得到某種啟迪和教育?
我回答道:“硅谷改變了世界,中國人改變了硅谷。這些都需要也應(yīng)該被呈現(xiàn)出來,讓世人知道。我希望通過這部紀(jì)錄片開拓中國人的視野,讓硅谷的中國人在歷史上留下過去從未有過的影像。因?yàn)?,如果你不懂歷史,你就一無所知。如果你不記錄歷史,歷史就永遠(yuǎn)沉默。社會(huì)化媒介的使命是詮釋現(xiàn)在和未來,影視藝術(shù)的任務(wù)是要永久地改變世界。我的本能直覺告訴自己,通過制作這個(gè)大型的系列紀(jì)錄片,可以記錄各行各業(yè)的旅美中國人故事,我認(rèn)識(shí)到了制作紀(jì)錄片電影可以是一個(gè)使命”。
這些在硅谷成功的中國人企業(yè)家,是在硅谷打拼的中國人的一面旗幟,代表了旅美中國人的奮斗精神?,F(xiàn)在有越來越多的中國年輕人來到美國,接觸到了創(chuàng)業(yè)創(chuàng)新的環(huán)境,每個(gè)人都需要被點(diǎn)燃創(chuàng)業(yè)精神。但是中國的孩子出國后,接觸到了西方的文化和教育,回國或者回家以后怎么跟自己的父母和家庭連接,家長怎么找到一個(gè)合適的途徑和方式去跟孩子連接,這是一個(gè)很大的問題,也是《硅谷中國人》第二集《凝聚》要重點(diǎn)展示的內(nèi)容。更重要的是,這些中國人精英之所以成為精英,也和家庭成長環(huán)境和教育環(huán)境有很直接的關(guān)系,這也是我們想探討的:他們來自何方,受過什么樣的教育?到底是哪些因素在影響和成就他們?從根本上挖掘他們成功的因素,或許能給年輕一代一點(diǎn)啟示。
二
《硅谷中國人》系列紀(jì)錄片每集我們計(jì)劃拍4位被記錄者,拍完10集后,計(jì)劃再拍同名大電影。
第一集取名《力量》于2016年完成,獲得戴維斯國際電影節(jié)“杰出企業(yè)家紀(jì)錄片”獎(jiǎng)。在斯坦福大學(xué)首映后,在美國和中國的許多城市展影,包括舊金山、洛杉磯和紐約,北京、上海和昆明。《硅谷中國人》用影像講述了一群生活在硅谷的中國人鮮為人知的故事,全面記錄了Trust look移動(dòng)安全公司創(chuàng)始人張亮、斯坦福大學(xué)材料科學(xué)和工程學(xué)院教授崔屹、幼發(fā)拉底全球孵化器創(chuàng)始人沈賜恩和艾必通(Epitomics)公司創(chuàng)始人余國良在硅谷生活的真實(shí)現(xiàn)狀,他們是在美國打拼的華人中頗具代表性的人物。
《硅谷中國人》第二集取名《凝聚》,將鏡頭對準(zhǔn)3位杰出的華裔青少年和一位華裔美國官員,講述教育的力量, 透視硅谷華人在子女教育上的努力和心得。本集已于2019年在全球巡影。周知方(Vincent Zhou),在舊金山帕羅奧圖出生并長大,是美國花樣滑冰運(yùn)動(dòng)員,2019年花滑世錦賽銅牌得主。來自帕羅奧圖和斯坦福大學(xué)計(jì)算機(jī)科學(xué)專業(yè)的Kevin Ji是美國前第一夫人米歇爾·奧巴馬的BetterMakeRoom(旨在幫助年輕一代獲得更高學(xué)歷的一個(gè)項(xiàng)目)的董事會(huì)成員,這個(gè)教育委員會(huì)為美國國家教育領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者解決教育系統(tǒng)中的關(guān)鍵問題提供建議。斯蒂芬妮·張是著名物理學(xué)教授和諾貝爾獎(jiǎng)提名人張守晟的女兒。她和她的朋友們在斯坦福大學(xué)上三年級的時(shí)候, 騎車到美國各地為貧困兒童辦STEM(科學(xué)、技術(shù)、工程、數(shù)學(xué)四門學(xué)科英文字母的縮寫)講習(xí)班。最后的人物是Shao Yang,第一位被選入加州弗里蒙聯(lián)合學(xué)區(qū)教育委員會(huì)的大陸出生的中國人。他們的成長和教育經(jīng)歷生動(dòng)了他們的人生,使他們有能力打造成功的道路。在講述他們的故事時(shí),我們闡明了硅谷教育經(jīng)歷的獨(dú)特“公式”。
三
紀(jì)錄片是幫助人們尋找真相的工具。如今回頭看,雖然兩集《硅谷中國人》仍有很多不足,但它基本完整表達(dá)了我們一直想要表達(dá)的意思:探討硅谷的中國文化及華人在美國的意義。
《硅谷中國人》不是我的紀(jì)錄片處女作,在此之前,我拍了《哀牢山的信仰》,將鏡頭對準(zhǔn)生病后幾度想自殺的母親。當(dāng)時(shí)我特別矛盾,感覺這樣做很殘忍。但是當(dāng)我終于拿起攝像機(jī),媽媽就不再是媽媽,我也不再是我。我是一個(gè)敘述者,我的觀點(diǎn)不重要,而作為被拍攝對象的媽媽,她會(huì)表達(dá)自己的想法。就這樣,我反而神奇地解脫了。
從那一刻起,我知道了拍紀(jì)錄片,其實(shí)和我的寫作沒有本質(zhì)區(qū)別,只不過媒介從文字換成了影像,我將此稱之為“影像寫作”。而影像寫作,因?yàn)槠淇陀^性和真實(shí)性,成為幫助人們尋找真相的工具。我們用影像來記錄生命、歷史、文化,也用它來升華歡愉、寂寞、恨與愛,這其實(shí)也是在寫作,探索心中的價(jià)值追求,同時(shí)在這個(gè)過程中感受到社會(huì)的深深焦慮和不安。
《哀牢山的信仰》獲得了“世界獨(dú)立電影節(jié)的紀(jì)錄片最佳家庭故事獎(jiǎng)”和“洛杉磯中美電影節(jié)入圍獎(jiǎng)”。
雖然早在大學(xué)期間就接觸過電影,1988年曾參與拍攝由吳文光導(dǎo)演的紀(jì)錄片《流浪北京》,但直到2014年之前,我主要是用文字在記錄和表達(dá)。寫了大量的文學(xué)作品,人們熟知的我,是旅美女作家張慈。
2014年底,一個(gè)偶然的機(jī)會(huì),我和幾個(gè)美國人拍了一部紀(jì)錄片叫《硅谷千禧年》。在這個(gè)過程中,我發(fā)現(xiàn),硅谷蜚聲國際,但這部片子里沒有中國人的代表。對此,《硅谷千禧年》主創(chuàng)給我的解釋是,中國人在硅谷的代表性不夠突出。
硅谷那么多中國人,而且他們基本都是北大、清華、中國科技大學(xué)等國內(nèi)頂尖知名學(xué)府的高材生,可是很少聽到他們的聲音和名字,而且我也很好奇,他們在硅谷究竟在干什么?他們有著怎樣的故事?他們?yōu)楣韫饶酥潦澜绲慕?jīng)濟(jì)、社會(huì)、科技發(fā)展作出過什么樣的貢獻(xiàn)?我就特別想拍一部這樣的電影。
于是我自己買了臺(tái)攝像機(jī),2015年3月10日,在美國一個(gè)古老的西班牙式劇院里宣布《硅谷中國人》開拍。但是,開機(jī)以后很快我就蔫了,因?yàn)橘Y金和團(tuán)隊(duì)不到位,一切看起來都難以為繼。合作伙伴臨時(shí)退出,讓我橫下一條心,自己端著攝像機(jī)去拍街區(qū)、拍工廠和拍街上的人,“見到中國人就打開機(jī)器?!?/p>
之后9個(gè)月的時(shí)間,除了自己端著機(jī)器到處轉(zhuǎn)悠,就是開會(huì)找資金、找團(tuán)隊(duì)和寫劇本,基本都無果。慶幸的是,后來遇到了29歲的新銳導(dǎo)演李玉和助理?xiàng)钛?,年輕、充滿朝氣又想法前衛(wèi)的兩個(gè)年輕人把鋪蓋一卷搬到了我家,一伙人從此工作、生活在一起。
2016年5月28日,《硅谷中國人》第一集終于首映了,全程歷時(shí)445天,拍攝剪輯3578個(gè)小時(shí),采訪了33位在硅谷打拼的精英人物。當(dāng)天,在斯坦福大學(xué)劇院,400多人到場觀影。斯坦福大學(xué)是硅谷發(fā)源地,是硅谷的“心臟”,所以這里是首映地點(diǎn)的最佳選擇。在首映式上,我將拍攝《硅谷中國人》的第一部攝影機(jī)送給了第一集的主人翁之一的沈賜恩。
看過首映的觀眾伊娃·張說:“《硅谷中國人》舉辦首映式應(yīng)該是灣區(qū)中國人歷史上最有意義和深遠(yuǎn)影響的一個(gè)活動(dòng),所有的硅谷中國人,不,所有的中國人都應(yīng)該找機(jī)會(huì)來觀看這部紀(jì)錄片!這是一部思想性頗好,水平很高的紀(jì)錄片!片中四個(gè)人的故事都充滿了深刻的矛盾和真理,‘一切都需要被科技改變”。
(本文圖片由作者提供)
Silicon Valley Chinese: The Stories Behind
I find myself somewhere between dream and life, between China and the United States, between Chinese food and Western dishes, between not young and not old, but with a river of love in my heart that will never stagnate.
There is an amazing land on the South Bay of San Francisco, not marked on any map, but known as an international tech hub—Silicon Valley. More than a century ago, the Chinese here were mostly gold miners, railway workers, laundrymen...now they are professors, CEOs and even politicians. This is where my story begins.
Chinese in Silicon Valley are the most characteristic group of Chinese community living in the United States. With the ethnic spirit of diligence and striving, they are showing how the Chinese people are influencing the world. With the aspiration to comprehensively record their struggling history and the power of achieving their dreams through images, I started to plan the documentary Silicon Valley Chinese back in 2015.
After the premiere of the first episode “The Power” at Stanford University, a reporter from China.org.cn asked: “what do you mainly want to convey to the public through the film? Is it to set a model for the young generation of China at home and abroad?”
I replied: “Silicon Valley had changed the world and the Chinese had changed Silicon Valley. All these needed to be known to the public. My instinct told me that by making this large-scale documentary series, I could collect and record various stories of Chinese people from all walks of life in the United States. I felt that I have the duty and mission to let the world know their work, life and contributions.”
Nowadays, more and more young Chinese come to the United States. When these young people are exposed to Western culture and education, how can they connect with their parents and families when they return? This is the problem that cannot be ignored and this is also the issue tackled in the second episode “The Focus”. Digging into the success factors of these Chinese elites may be able to give the younger generation more inspiration.
We interviewed four characters in each episode, and planned to make a big movie with the same name after ten episodes. The first episode “The Power”, completed in 2016, won the Outstanding Entrepreneur Documentary Award during the Davis International Film Festival. We showed career development of four prominent Chinese entrepreneurs living in Silicon Valley in this episode: Zhang Liang—founder of Trust Look Mobile Security, Cui Yi—a Stanford material science professor, Shen Cien—founder and CEO of Ufrate Global Incubator and Yu Guoliang—founder of Epitomics.
The second episode focuses on the education experience of three outstanding Chinese-American teenagers and one Chinese-American official. Vincent Zhou, born in Palo Alto, won the bronze medal of World Figure Skating Championship in 2019. Kevin Ji from Palo Alto is a computer science student at Stanford and also a board member of Michelle Obamas BetterMakeRoom.org. Stephanie Zhang is daughter of the famous physicist Zhang Shoucheng. And Shao Yang is the first man born in China to become an elected official in the Bay Area in 2014. Throughout the story of these four characters, we did find that there was some kind of secret formula of educational success for Silicon Valley Chinese families.
Documentary was a tool to help people find truth. Although the two episodes of Silicon Valley Chinese fell short of the original expectation, they did achieve our goal to explore the ethnic Chinese culture in Silicon Valley. Actually, this was not my debut documentary. I had produced The Faith in Ailao Mountain earlier to show my concerns on the life of those sick mothers who had attempted suicide several times. I was conflicted at that beginning till I realized as a narrator, my opinion didnt matter at all and the characters in the film would express themselves. Documentary was just a different way of writing, which was much familiar to me and also the way I had been well known to the public before 2014.
At the end of 2014, I shot a documentary called Silicon Valley Millennium with some Americans by chance. There was no Chinese in this film since the filmmakers thought the contribution of Chinese in Silicon Valley was not remarkable. This aroused my curiosity to explore the story of Chinese in Silicon Valley, most of whom came from top universities in China, but their voices could be rarely heard.
Enthusiastically?I threw?myself?into preparing for a documentary on this. I bought a new camera and made an announcement in an old Spanish theater in America that the shooting of Silicon Valley Chinese was officially started on March 10, 2015. In the following nine months, I had to face the difficulties of lacking money and the withdrawal of partners until I came across the young director Li Yu and his assistant Yang Xue. We worked and stayed together to make our every effort to complete this documentary.
After 445 days, 3,578 hours shooting, editing and interviewing 33 Chinese elites in Silicon Valley, Silicon Valley Chinese finally premiered on May 28, 2016 at a theater of Stanford, the birthplace and heart of Silicon Valley. Over 400 audiences attended this premiere.
Eva Zhang, one of those who watched the premiere, said: “the premiere of Silicon Valley Chinese should be considered the most significant event in the history of Chinese people in the bay area. Chinese living in Silicon Valley—all Chinese people—should watch it!”
Zhang Ci is a writer, documentary director and producer. After graduating from the Department of Chinese, Yunnan University in 1983, she began making documentaries, participating in Bumming in Beijing: The Last Dreamers directed by Wu Wenguang in 1988. In 2015, her documentary The Faith in Ailao Mountain won multiple awards at the Worlds Independent Film Festival, Chinese American Film Festival (CAFF) and San Francisco International New Concept Film Festival (SFNCFF).