李京
同學(xué)們,狀語從句在復(fù)合句中作主句的狀語,它可根據(jù)功能分為時(shí)間、條件、讓步、地點(diǎn)、原因、目的、結(jié)果、方式和比較九種從句。本單元涉及到的狀語從句有until, so that,? although引導(dǎo)的狀語從句,這三個(gè)狀語從句都是我們中考中常??嫉降闹攸c(diǎn)內(nèi)容,而且,也是同學(xué)們學(xué)習(xí)中的難點(diǎn)之一。
1. until引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句
until是連詞,意為“直到……為止”。
He lived with his parents until he got married. 他與父母住在一起直到結(jié)婚為止。
注意:until后面的從句中不能用一般將來時(shí),應(yīng)該用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)代替,這就是所謂的“主將從現(xiàn)”。
until與延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞連用時(shí),動(dòng)詞用肯定形式,表示“直到……為止”,指主句的動(dòng)作一直持續(xù)到until后的動(dòng)作發(fā)生為止;與短暫性動(dòng)詞連用時(shí),動(dòng)詞須用否定形式,意為“直到……才……”,指主句的動(dòng)作一直到until后的動(dòng)作發(fā)生時(shí)才發(fā)生。
He waits until / till the children are asleep. 他一直等到孩子們睡著。(wait為延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞)
The noise of the street didnt stop until midnight. 街上的喧鬧聲一直到半夜才停止。(stop為短暫性動(dòng)詞)
2. so that引導(dǎo)的目的狀語從句
so that 是連詞,意為“以便;為了”,可引導(dǎo)目的狀語從句,so that引導(dǎo)的從句只能放在主句之后,從句中常用can, could, may, might等情態(tài)動(dòng)詞。
He got up very early so that he could catch the early bus. 他起床很早,為的是能趕上早班公共汽車。
so that引導(dǎo)的目的狀語從句可與in order that或in order to結(jié)構(gòu)相互轉(zhuǎn)換。
He studies hard so that he could work better in the future. 他努力學(xué)習(xí)以便將來能更好地工作。
=He studies hard in order to work better in the future.
=He studies hard in order that he can work better in the future.
注意:so... that...意為“如此……以至于……”,so后接形容詞或副詞原級,引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語從句。
The box is so heavy that we cant carry it. 這個(gè)箱子太重了, 我們搬不動(dòng)它。
3. although引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句
although作連詞,意為“盡管;雖然”,同though, even though, even if,用來引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句。
Although my car is very old, it still runs very well. 雖然我的小汽車很舊,但跑起來挺不錯(cuò)。
注意:句中如果有although, though, even though,則不能再使用but。但若要強(qiáng)調(diào)前后兩部分的對比意義,可在主句前加yet或still。
Although / Though he has a lot of money, yet / still he is unhappy. 他雖然有很多錢,但并不幸福。