語 言 學 習

廣東? ?鐘 婧

激活·素養(yǎng)解讀

實踐·讀寫整合

Smartphone vs the classroom

智能手機 vs 傳統(tǒng)課堂

As we all know， its beneficial to learn another foreign language. It opens doors， makes you more employable and helps you make new friends. And its fun， too. However， to improve our linguistic skills， many of us have to endure （忍耐） hours of school lessons or evening classes， with our heads buried in textbooks. Its no wonder then that technology appears to be providing a better and more accessible way of learning.

There is certainly a huge demand for language learning， and having a smartphone means you can have a virtual teacher with you wherever? you go. Many app developers are keen to cash in on the demand， and there are numerous learning apps available—including the free BBC Learning English app！ One of many popular apps， Duolingo， offers 91 courses in 30 languages and has more than 300 million users.

Some educational apps offer languages not popular enough to be taught at evening classes， or at most universities. And others offer “invented” language courses in Esperanto， Elvish and Star Treks Klingon—lessons you might not find in a traditional classroom. Whatever you want to learn， apps allow you to go at your own pace. But theyre not perfect—you might not get your head round the grammar and will lack the peer support you could get in a classroom environment.

So， does technology spell the end of traditional classrooms and teachers？ Guy Baron， head of modern languages at Aberystwyth University， thinks not. He told the BBC that apps should be used alongside classroom methods， not to exclude （排斥） traditional teaching. And he added， “The apps are very conversational （非正式的）... Theyre not designed for degrees， but they could be additional resources.”

Certainly， technology is going to help in and outside the classroom. But attending a real lesson and facing a real teacher， probably force you to be more committed.

Motivation can be a problem when you are using an app. But if you have a genuine and practical reason to learn another language， you will no doubt stick with it.

Activity A Reading for understanding

Ⅰ. Text?centered chunks

open doors 打開（各種機會的）大門

cash in 從……中撈到錢財

get ones head round （sth） 理解/弄懂（復雜的事情）

peer support 同學之間的互相支持

spell the end of sth 預示某事結束

stick with 堅持下去

Ⅱ. Text?centered sentences

一、with的用法

1. However， to improve our linguistic skills， many of us have to endure hours of school lessons or evening classes， with our heads buried in textbooks. 然而，為了提高我們的語言技能，我們中的許多人不得不忍受數(shù)小時的學?；蛞剐Ｕn程，埋頭于課本。

【點石成金】with our heads buried in textbooks意思是“埋頭于課本”，是“with+賓語+賓語補足語”結構，在句中作狀語，表示伴隨、原因、時間、條件、方式等;其中的賓語補足語可以是名詞、形容詞、副詞、現(xiàn)在分詞、過去分詞、不定式、介詞短語等。

【運用遷移】他閉著眼睛坐在那兒。

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2. There is certainly a huge demand for language learning， and having a smartphone means you can have a virtual teacher with you wherever you go. 語言學習的需求無疑是巨大的，有一部智能手機意味著，無論你去哪里，你身邊都可以有一位虛擬老師。

【點石成金】with you意思是“和你在一起”，是“with sb”結構，意為“和某人在一起”，表示伴隨。

【運用遷移】你能和我一起去圖書館嗎？

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二、主語從句

Its no wonder then that technology appears to be providing a better and more accessible way of learning. 科技似乎提供了一種更好、更容易獲得的學習方式，這并不奇怪。

【點石成金】“It is/was no wonder that...”是主語從句，It作形式主語，真正的主語是后面的that從句。另外從句中的appears to be作主語從句的謂語，意為“好像是;仿佛”。

【運用遷移】她如此心煩意亂，這并不奇怪。

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Activity B Reading for writing

假定你是李華，你的英國朋友Edward正在學習漢語，希望你推薦一款適合他學習漢語的手機應用程序（app），并給他一些學習建議。請你根據(jù)以下內(nèi)容，給他寫一封電子郵件。內(nèi)容包括：

1. 推薦app;

2. 利用app有效學習的建議。

注意：

1. 詞數(shù)為80左右;

2. 可以適當增加細節(jié)，以使行文連貫;

3. 至少使用一個含with的短語或強調(diào)句;

4. 注意段落內(nèi)的邏輯關系。

Dear Edward，

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Best wishes！

Yours，

Li Hua

寫作導引

本次寫作任務是建議信寫作，要求學生向Edward推薦一款學習漢語的手機應用程序（app），并就他如何有效利用這款app學習漢語提出建議。同時，要求學生至少使用一個含with的短語或強調(diào)句。這些寫作要求和所給語篇的主題語境是緊密相關的。我們可以通過整合同主題閱讀材料的內(nèi)容和語言，梳理寫作思路和積累素材。

一、語篇解碼

（一）內(nèi)容分析

What is the text mainly about？

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（二）宏觀結構

Fill in the blanks according to the text.

（三）段內(nèi)關系

Choose the best answers according to the relation in Para. 1， Para. 2 and Para. 3.

A. Deductive（演繹的）.

B. Inductive（歸納的）.

C. Progressive（遞進的）.

D. Contrastive（對比的）.

二、素材積累

本次寫作任務是基于同一主題的文章閱讀下的寫作，我們通過模仿并運用閱讀中的語言表達，如詞塊和句型，積累寫作的語言素材。

（一）語言學習活動的核心表達

1. refer to a dictionary 查字典

2. translate... into 把……翻譯成

3. have a good command of 精通;通曉

4. enlarge vocabulary 擴大詞匯量

5. express... in Chinese fluently 用中文流利地表達……

6. improve writing skills 提高寫作能力

（二）語言學習意義的核心表達

1. broaden our horizons 開闊我們的視野

2. enrich our knowledge in various fields 豐富我們在各領域的知識

3. get the hang of Chinese culture and customs 了解中國文化和風俗習慣

（三）建議信的核心表達

1. How is everything going？ I am very ha?ppy to hear from you. You have asked me for my advice with regard to...and I will try to make some conducive suggestions. 最近好嗎？很高興收到你的來信。你問了我關于……的建議，我會盡力給你一些有幫助的建議。

2. You have asked me for advice with regard to/concerning...， and Ill put forward some suggestions. 你問了我關于……的建議，我將會給你提出一些建議。

3. Im writing to share my views on this problem， which I think may be helpful to you. 我寫信分享一下我對這個問題的看法，希望對你有幫助。

4. From where I stand， to cope with this problem， there are at least three things you can do. First of all， what I strongly suggest is that... Whats more， it would be beneficial if you can... In addition， another way contributing to the success of solving the problem is that... 在我看來，為了解決這個問題，你至少可以做三件事情。首先，我強烈建議的是……其次，如果你能夠……的話，這將會非常有益。另外，另一個有助于解決這個問題的方法是……

5. I sincerely hope that youll find my su?ggestions beneficial. 我真的希望你覺得我的建議有幫助。

6. These are my suggestions and I hope they could be of some help to you.這就是我的建議，并且我希望我的建議能幫到你。

三、寫作支架

本次寫作任務是一篇推薦+建議的文章，根據(jù)任務中的要求，語篇結構可定為“引出話題+提出建議+表達心愿”。文章的框架如下：

Dear____________，

You asked me for advice about

___________ . Here Id like to recommend

to you and try to give you some suggestions about .

Thanks to___________ ， I suggest that there are at least three functions that can be fully used. Firstly，___________ . Secondly，___________. Thirdly，___________.

These are my suggestions and I hope they could be useful to you.

Best wishes！

Yours，

Li Hua

四、語篇過手

根據(jù)以上提供的主題、主題表達和語篇結構，學生可以寫出書信的三段話。第一段，推薦學習app并點明寫作目的;第二段，提出具體建議;第三段，表達心愿，給予鼓勵?？傇~數(shù)控制在80左右。

同時，學習運用前文閱讀中出現(xiàn)的with短語或者強調(diào)句等。尤其要注意表達的內(nèi)在邏輯關系，段落內(nèi)部是演繹關系、對比關系還是遞進關系，需要注意使用恰當?shù)倪B詞。