記者_(dá)楊紫凝 編輯_張影 設(shè)計(jì)_劉仕悅

The World Health Organization's psychological surveys in many countries in recent years have shown that about 30 percent of the world's 7 billion people have various psychological problems at all times. The latest survey on children's mental health in China shows that among children and adolescents in China, the number of patients suffering from mental, behavioral, and developmental disorders is as high as 14.89 percent, including at least 40 million children with mental disorders in China. Only 5.8 percent of these children have received treatment. These data show that the mental illness that occurs in the development of adolescents cannot be ignored.

Children are like a blank piece of paper, from a psychological point of view. Children are in the physical and mental development stage, self-awareness and self-guidance ability are very weak, and outside influence and guidance are significant.

Case:

Tom (pseudonym) was born into a superior Kochi family. Both parents have a good higher education. When I was a child, Tom was recognized as an innovative and good boy. Through understanding the situation of children at home, the author found that he has the following characteristics: Tom, from an early age-sensitive, thoughtful, see the living or to a strange new environment, will always be slower than other children adapt. Tom's parents feel "slow and hot" every time and don't take it seriously. But when Tom to puberty, the character more and more shows different from the general child. He is sometimes cold, sometimes irritable, and even uses physical ways and classmates to express their dissatisfaction, becoming a person away from the classmate. Tom felt that school was more and more boring, more and more like to be alone, began to use various excuses not to go to school, until finally in the second grade completely dropped out of school at home. To the later development of not step out of the house a step, all day long at home idle. No one except their parents, including relatives or a few playmates as children, is seen. This was followed by various adult diseases, such as obesity, hyperlipidemia, high blood sugar, and high uric acid.

As early as 1947, the World Health Organization (WHO) proposed in its charter that health was "a sound state of physical, psychological and social adaptation, not just the absence of disease or weakness."

Although the formation and emergence of children's psychological activities have more complex reasons and backgrounds, careful analysis can be found that no more than physical, psychological, family, social, school, and other factors.

Through field, visits found that Tom's parents feeling very bad, often quarrel or cold war. The damage to Tom's psychological growth is enormous and long-term. Younger children who cannot vent in words like adults exhibit aggressive, regressive behavior and behaviors such as nervousness, anxiety, fear, rejection, loneliness, and, in adolescence, rebelliousness and even antisocial tendencies. Tom is precisely the representative case of this kind of family problem.

It can be seen that the psychological problems in childhood and adolescence, whether they manifest themes as mood disorders or behavioral disorders, are primarily due to the long-standing negative emotions in children, as well as the complex deformation of these emotions. For example, if a child always lives in a happy and worry-free mood, then this state of mind is healthy. Conversely, if a child always lives in a dishonest, dishonest family atmosphere, it will lead to panic, low self-esteem, and indifferent emotional experience over time. As a result, children's psychological problems exist in large numbers, resulting in a significant increase in children's emotions and behavior and other issues, resulting in children not adapting to the social environment.

The characteristics of children with mood and behavior disorder are divided into children with extroverted emotion and behavior disorder and children with introverted mood and behavior disorder. The obvious manifestations of introverted emotions and behavioral disorders in children are social withdrawal, depression, low self-esteem, anxiety, and deep depression. Tom's behavior is a typical introverted mood and behavior disorder.

After finding the cause, Tom's family took part in psychological guidance and treatment. First of all, Tom's parents improved their communication style. On the one hand, they agreed not to quarrel at home or during the cold war. The two sides have a conflict no longer in front of the child quarrel, but choose to solve and strive to improve the family atmosphere. On the other hand, gradually increase the children's outdoor sports, let the children in sports transfer or even vent some destructive emotions. At the same time, increase the whole family participation in the collective activities to enhance the feelings of the family, thereby increasing the child's inner sense of security and family belonging. After three years of continuous and active psychotherapy, the child's condition improved significantly, and his body was much more potent. Therefore, a relaxed and pleasant family environment, parents and children's interaction process, parents' beliefs, emotions, behaviors, etc., will affect the child's mental health level and then affect the child's behavior disorder treatment and life-long character development. In the process of parents and children growing up together, only the real sense of companionship, in order to make children into the normal state of social interaction, thereby promoting the development of children's mental health.

From the above cases, it can be seen that the family environment, family education, and children's mental health have a great relationship. As a place where a child's initial emotional experience is made, the family atmosphere will influence and accompany the children's life.