Tu?Youyou?is?Chinas?first?native?female?scientist?to?receive?a?Nobel?Prize?in?the?field?of?science.?She?believes?that?her?greatest?achievement?is?not?winning?the?Nobel?Prize?but?having?the?opportunity?to?demonstrate?the?benefits?of?traditional?Chinese?medicine?on?the?international?stage.
Tu?was?born?on?December?30,?1930?in?Ningbo,?Zhejiang?Province,?China.?At?the?age?of?16,?she?suffered?from?tuberculosis(肺結(jié)核),?which?forced?her?to?take?a?twoyear?break?from?school?to?receive?treatment.?This?setback?prompted?her?to?pursue?an?education?in?medicine.?Between?1951?and?1955,?Tu?attended?Beijing?Medical?College,?where?she?learned?to?classify?medicinal?plants,?extract?bioactive?chemicals,?and?determine?their?chemical?structures.
The?early?1960s?witnessed?a?major?threat?of?malaria.?More?than?200?million?people?suffered?worldwide.?In?the?light?of?this,?in?1967,?an?operation?called?“Project?523”?was?launched?to?find?a?cure?for?malaria.?Eventually,?she?was?appointed?as?the?head?of?“Project?523”.
Inspired?by?traditional?Chinese?medicine,?Tu?Youyou?began?her?research?by?screening?(篩選)?traditional?Chinese?herbs?in?the?hope?of?identifying?a?potential?antimalarial?ingredient.?Her?team?examined?640?transcriptions(抄本)?from?a?list?of?2,000?traditional?Chinese?recipes.?They?extracted?and?tested?380?herbal?compounds.?However,?after?repeated?trials,?the?results?remained?far?from?satisfactory.?So?she?and?her?research?team?changed?their?extraction?method.?Eventually,?they?were?able?to?extract?a?highly?effective?antimalarial?compound,?which?was?later?considered?as?artemisinin,?or?qinghaosu?in?Chinese.?To?test?the?strength?of?artemisinin,?a?human?trial?was?necessary.?Tu?volunteered?to?be?the?first?human?recipient.
Even?with?the?discovery?of?artemisin,?things?were?not?easy.?In?the?1970s,?many?pharmaceutical(制藥的)?factories?ceased?production;?sanitization?was?limited,?and?boiling?equipment?was?scarce.?Under?these?circumstances,?Tu?and?her?team?continued?to?overcome?the?mounting?pressure?and?discovered?new?ways?to?conduct?their?research.?They?made?enormous?sacrifices?during?their?research.?Although?Tu?was?able?to?complete?her?work,?she?was?ultimately?diagnosed?with?toxic?hepatitis?(肝炎).
The?discovery?of?artemisinin?and?dihydroartemisinin(二氫青蒿素)?proved?to?be?the?turning?point?in?the?battle?against?malaria.?Although?Tu?has?received?multiple?international?awards?and?is?recognized?for?her?achievements,?she?continues?to?maintain?a?low?profile?and?attempts?to?improve?her?work.
Ⅰ.?閱讀自測(cè)
1.?Which?achievement?can?be?the?greatest?in?the?eyes?of?Tu?Youyou?
A.?Winning?the?Nobel?Prize.
B.?Being?Chinas?first?female?scientist.
C.?Entering?the?field?of?science.
D.?Showing?the?benefits?of?traditional?Chinese?medicine?internationally.
2.?What?was?the?original?strike?to?Tu?Youyou?according?to?paragraph?2?
A.?Dropping?out?of?school.
B.?Suffering?from?tuberculosis.
C.?Being?born?into?a?poor?family.
D.?Failing?to?identify?medicinal?plants.
3.?What?can?be?inferred?about?Tu?Youyous?research?according?to?the?text?
A.?It?was?completed?by?Tu?Youyou?in?the?1970s.
B.?It?was?inspired?by?modern?Western?medicine.
C.?It?was?started?due?to?the?breakout?of?malaria?in?China.
D.?It?was?carried?out?under?some?unfavourable?circumstances.
4.?What?can?best?describe?Tu?Youyou?according?to?the?text?
A.?Diligent,?smart,?patriotic?and?sensible.
B.?Determined,?creative,?honest?and?loyal.
C.?Devoted,?persevering,?brave?and?modest.
D.?Clever,?positive,?upright?and?independent.
Ⅱ.?語(yǔ)言汲取
(一)介紹人物的核心表達(dá)
1.?人物背景
innovator?創(chuàng)新者
female?scientist?女性科學(xué)家
setback?挫折
head?負(fù)責(zé)人
be?born?on...in?在(某一天)出生于(某地)
suffer?from?遭受……;受……之苦
take?a?twoyear?break?from?school?休學(xué)兩年
receive?treatment?接受治療
attend?college?上大學(xué)
pursue?an?education?in?medicine?追求醫(yī)學(xué)方面的教育
2.?主要事跡及重大活動(dòng)
launch?a?project?啟動(dòng)一個(gè)項(xiàng)目
find?a?cure?for?尋找……的治療方法
be?appointed?as?被任命為……
be?inspired?by?受……的啟發(fā)
screen?traditional?Chinese?herbs?篩選傳統(tǒng)中藥
in?the?hope?of?希望……
identify?a?potential?antimalarial?ingredient?找出一種潛在的抗瘧疾成分
after?repeated?trials?經(jīng)過(guò)反復(fù)的試驗(yàn)
far?from?satisfactory?遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)不能令人滿意
extract?a?highly?effective?antimalarial?compound?提取出一種高效的抗瘧疾化合物
test?the?strength?of?artemisinin?測(cè)試青蒿素的強(qiáng)度
human?trial?人體試驗(yàn)
volunteer?to?do?志愿做……
the?first?human?recipient?第一個(gè)人類接受者
overcome?the?mounting?pressure?克服不斷增加的壓力
discover?new?ways?尋找新的方法
conduct?ones?research?進(jìn)行某人的研究
make?enormous?sacrifices?做出巨大的犧牲
turning?point?轉(zhuǎn)折點(diǎn)
continue?to?do?繼續(xù)做……
maintain?a?low?profile?保持低調(diào)
attempt?to?improve?ones?work?努力改進(jìn)某人的工作
3.?人物成就
receive/win?a?Nobel?Prize?獲得諾貝爾獎(jiǎng)
receive?multiple?international?awards?獲得多個(gè)國(guó)際獎(jiǎng)項(xiàng)
be?recognized?for?因?yàn)椤玫秸J(rèn)可
demonstrate?the?benefits?of?traditional?Chinese?medicine?on?the?international?stage?在國(guó)際舞臺(tái)上展示了中國(guó)傳統(tǒng)醫(yī)學(xué)的好處
4.?其他
have?the?opportunity?to?do?有機(jī)會(huì)做……
force?sb?to?do?迫使某人做……
prompt?sb?to?do?促使某人做……
in?the?light?of?鑒于……
at?the?age?of?在……歲時(shí)
in?the?1970s?20世紀(jì)70年代
cease?production?停止生產(chǎn)
under?these?circumstances?在這些情況下
(二)精彩表達(dá)
1.?At?the?age?of?16,?she?suffered?from?tuberculosis,?which?forced?her?to?take?a?twoyear?break?from?school?to?receive?treatment.?16歲時(shí),她患上了肺結(jié)核,這迫使她休學(xué)兩年以接受治療。
本句中,which引導(dǎo)的是一個(gè)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句,用來(lái)指代主句she?suffered?from?tuberculosis。
2.?The?early?1960s?witnessed?a?major?threat?of?malaria.?20世紀(jì)60年代初見(jiàn)證了瘧疾帶來(lái)的主要威脅。
動(dòng)詞see、witness、find、notice、observe、discover等可用于擬人化的用法,使無(wú)靈名詞所表達(dá)的事物具有人的情感、情態(tài)或動(dòng)作,使抽象的概念具體化,使靜止的物體具有動(dòng)態(tài)的人格化效果。
3.?Although?Tu?has?received?multiple?international?awards?and?is?recognized?for?her?achievements,?she?continues?to?maintain?a?low?profile?and?attempts?to?improve?her?work.?盡管屠呦呦獲得了許多國(guó)際獎(jiǎng)項(xiàng)并因其成就受到認(rèn)可,但是她一直保持低調(diào),努力改進(jìn)自己的科研工作。
本句中,although引導(dǎo)的是一個(gè)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句,she?continues?to?maintain?a?low?profile?and?attempts?to?improve?her?work為主句部分,to?improve?her?work為動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語(yǔ)。
Ⅲ.?句式仿寫(xiě)
1.?屠呦呦自愿成為首位接受者,以測(cè)試青蒿素的強(qiáng)度,這使她成為一位真正的女英雄。
Tu?Youyou?volunteered?to?be?the?first?human?recipient?to?test?the?strength?of?artemisinin,?.
2.?在電影結(jié)尾,他們?cè)庥隽斯陋?dú)和失敗。
The?end?of?the?movie?.?(find)
3.?盡管你的數(shù)學(xué)取得了很大的進(jìn)步,但你還是應(yīng)該繼續(xù)竭盡全力。
,?you?should?keep?trying?your?best.
Ⅳ.?寫(xiě)作實(shí)踐
近日,瘋狂英語(yǔ)雜志社舉辦了主題為“My?heroine”的征文活動(dòng)。請(qǐng)你根據(jù)以下要點(diǎn),寫(xiě)一篇短文投稿。
1.?你心中的女英雄是誰(shuí);
2.?你把她當(dāng)作女英雄的原因;
2.?她的主要事跡。
注意:
1.?詞數(shù)80左右;
2.?可以適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié),以使行文連貫;
3.?至少需要使用兩個(gè)本文中解析過(guò)的句式。
My?heroine
■評(píng)價(jià)導(dǎo)思
A?selfassessment?checklist?for?my?narrative?reading
1.?閱讀本文前,我認(rèn)真了解了人物類記敘文的文體知識(shí)?!鮕es □No
2.?在閱讀過(guò)程中,我會(huì)借助彩色筆對(duì)文本中的不同部分做標(biāo)注?!鮕es □No
3.?在閱讀過(guò)程中,我會(huì)應(yīng)用“ABCDE原則”梳理文章?!鮕es □No
4.?這篇文章中我最喜歡的部分是 。
□Background □Character □Deeds □Evaluation
5.?讀完這篇文章后,我會(huì)嘗試著對(duì)我熟悉的人物進(jìn)行介紹和評(píng)價(jià)?!鮕es □No
6.?讀完這篇文章后,我會(huì)花費(fèi) 的時(shí)間來(lái)讀完一篇大約350詞的人物類記敘文。
□5分鐘 □7分鐘 □9分鐘 □其他
7.?本次讀寫(xiě)活動(dòng)后,我會(huì)學(xué)習(xí)科學(xué)家的優(yōu)良品質(zhì)?!鮕es □No
8.?為了閱讀更多類型的人物類記敘文,我需要 。
□加倍努力 □持之以恒 □堅(jiān)持目標(biāo) □形成高效的讀寫(xiě)策略
9.?在接下來(lái)的時(shí)間,我會(huì)讀一本叫作的人物傳記。