王佳琦
據(jù)統(tǒng)計(jì),每年都有上千人被閃電電擊而意外喪命。了解下面一些有關(guān)閃電的常見認(rèn)識誤區(qū)與事實(shí),可能對大家躲避閃電會有一些幫助。
Lightning kills thousands of people every year, with some survivors suffering lifelong damage. Here are some 1)myths and facts for you to know more about lightning.
Myth: If you’re caught outside during a2)thunderstorm, you should crouch down toreduce your risk of being struck.
Fact: Crouching doesn’t make you anysafer outdoors. You may run to a 3)substantialbuilding or hard topped vehicle. If you are toofar to run to one of these options, you have nogood 4)alternative. You are not safe anywhereoutdoors.
Myth: Lightning never strikes the same place twice.
Fact: Lightning often strikes the same place repeatedly, especially if it’s a tall, pointy 5)isolated object.
1)myth[m?θ]n.神話;荒誕的說法
2)thunderstorm[?θ?nd?r?st?rm]n.雷暴;雷雨
3)substantial[s?b'st?n?(?)l]adj.大而堅(jiān)固的
4)alternative[??l?t??(r)n?t?v]n.可供選擇的事物
5)isolated[?a?s?le?t?d]adj.偏遠(yuǎn)的;獨(dú)立的
詞組加油站
crouch down 蹲 ; 蹲伏
Myth:Ifit’snotrainingortherearen’tcloudsoverhead,you’resafefromlightning.
Fact:Lightningoftenstrikesmorethanthreemilesfromthecenterofthethunderstorm,faroutsidetherainorthunderstormcloud.
Myth: A lightning victim is electrified. If you touch them, you’ll be electrocuted.
Fact: This is the most 6)chilling of lightning myths. The human body does not store electricity. It is perfectly safe to touch a lightning victim to give them first aid. Imagine how sad it would be if someone died because people were afraid to give Cardio Pulmonary Resuscitation(CPR).
Myth:Ifoutsideinathunderstorm,youshouldseek7)shelterunderatreetostaydry.
Fact:Beingunderneathatreeisthesecondleadingcauseoflightningcasualties.Gettingwetisbetterthanbeingstruckbylightning.
Myth:Ifthunderstormsthreatenwhileyouareoutsideplayingagame,itisokaytofinishitbeforeseekingshelter.
Fact:Manylightningcasualtiesoccurbecausepeopledonotseeksheltersoonenough.Allgamesarelessimportantthanourlives.Seekpropershelterimmediatelyifyouhearthunder.
Myth:Iftrappedoutsideandlightningisabouttostrike,youshouldlieflatontheground.
Fact:Lyingflatincreasesyourchanceofbeingaffectedbypotentiallydeadlygroundcurrent.Ifyouarecaughtoutsideinathunderstorm,youneedtokeepmovingtowardasafeshelter.
6) chilling [?t??l??] adj. 寒冷的 7) shelter [??elt?r] n. 遮蔽物
每年閃電導(dǎo)致上千人死亡,一些幸存者終身遭受損傷之苦。這里有一些關(guān)于閃電的認(rèn)識誤區(qū)與事實(shí),以便大家了解更多有關(guān)閃電的知識。
誤區(qū)如果你在雷雨天被困在戶外,你應(yīng)該蹲下來以減少被閃電擊中的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。
事實(shí)蹲下來不會讓你在戶外更安全。你應(yīng)跑到堅(jiān)固的建筑物或硬頂車輛旁。如果你離這些地方太遠(yuǎn),那么你沒有好的選擇。因?yàn)閼敉馊魏蔚胤蕉疾话踩?/p>
誤區(qū)閃電不會兩次擊中同一個(gè)地方。
事實(shí)閃電經(jīng)常反復(fù)擊中同一個(gè)地方,尤其當(dāng)它是一個(gè)又高又尖的孤立物體時(shí)。
誤區(qū)如果不下雨或頭頂沒有云,你就不會被閃電擊中。
事實(shí)閃電經(jīng)常擊中距離雷暴中心三英里(約4.8公里)以外的地方,也就是遠(yuǎn)離雨或雷暴云的地方。
誤區(qū)被閃電擊中的人也會“帶電”。如果你碰他們,你也會觸電。
事實(shí)這是最令人毛骨悚然的閃電誤解。人體不能儲存電能。給被閃電擊中的人急救是完全安全的。想象一下,如果有人因?yàn)樗撕ε聦ζ溥M(jìn)行心肺復(fù)蘇術(shù)而死亡,那將多么令人遺憾。
誤區(qū)如果外面有雷雨,你應(yīng)該在樹下躲雨。
事實(shí)在樹下躲雨是雷擊傷亡的第二大原因。被淋濕要比被閃電擊中好。
誤區(qū)如果你在外面玩耍時(shí)遇雷暴威脅,在尋求庇護(hù)之前是可以繼續(xù)玩耍的。
事實(shí)許多閃電傷亡的發(fā)生是因?yàn)槿藗儧]有及時(shí)尋求庇護(hù)。沒有什么東西比我們的生命安全更重要。如果聽到雷聲,請立即尋求合適的避難所。
誤區(qū)如果被困在外面,閃電要來了,你應(yīng)該平躺在地上。
事實(shí)平躺會增加你受到潛在致命的電流影響的機(jī)會。如果你在外面遭遇雷暴,你需要繼續(xù)前往安全的場所。