語(yǔ)言學(xué)家認(rèn)為，目前大約有6,500種語(yǔ)言用于日常交流。在過(guò)去的100年里，有超過(guò)400種語(yǔ)言消失了，平均以每3個(gè)月1種的速度消失，目前預(yù)計(jì)大約有50%的語(yǔ)言將在下個(gè)世紀(jì)消失。

主題語(yǔ)境：人與社會(huì) 篇幅：330詞 建議用時(shí)：7分鐘

1Linguists(語(yǔ)言學(xué)家)suggest that around 6,500 languages are currently used for daily communication needs. Over 400 languages have disappeared over the last 100 years and nearly 50%of the languages remaining today are expected to disappear over the next century.

2According to the UNESCO Atlas of the World's Languages in Danger,577 languages are currently listed as critically endangered. An additional 537 languages are considered severely endangered, which means they're only used by the oldest living generation. Of these 577 critically endangered languages, several have only 1 speaker left alive and many may have already gone extinct(滅絕的).

3Academic (學(xué)術(shù)的) departments and non?profit organizations around the world are trying their best to save endangered languages. Researchers are currently recording and documenting some of the most endangered languages in order to ensure a record remains af?ter the last speaker is long gone. One example of this is the North American native lan?guage Miami,which became extinct in the 1960's.Today,it is offered as a course at Miami University in the US state of Ohio.

4Another way of saving endangered languages is introducing language revitalization(復(fù)興) classes to children. By encouraging children to study and become fluent in a lan?guage, linguists hope it will survive through them and be passed down to future genera?tions.The Eastern Band of Cherokee Indians in the US just begun such a program.One in?terested group began volunteering to teach school children the Cherokee language when they realized not many people were left who could understand the indigenous tongue.

5Technology also plays a role in saving endangered languages.Digital classrooms,pod?casts(播客),audio recordings,phone applications,and computer programs are all available(可獲得的) in a number of endangered languages. At the same time, however, technology also works to suppress language diversity by being available in only a few of the most widely spoken languages.For example,most of online information is only published in English.

Reading Check

1.What can be inferred from the first two paragraphs?

A.Most of the languages are only used by the oldest living generation.

B.About 400 languages are used for daily communication now.

C.There are 6,500 languages in total around the world.

D.More and more languages are at the risk of disappearing.

2.How do some researchers save endangered languages?

A.By setting up language schools.

B.By recording endangered languages.

C.By teaching languages in digital classrooms.

D.By visiting endangered languages'speakers.

3.How many paragraphs focus on ways of language protection?

A.Two. B.Three. C.Four. D.Five.

4.What does the underlined word“suppress”in the last paragraph mean?

A.Prevent. B.Force. C.Improve. D.Document.

Language Study

Useful expressions

linguist 語(yǔ)言學(xué)家

daily communication needs日常溝通需要

go extinct 滅絕

introduce language revitalization classes to children 給兒童開(kāi)設(shè)語(yǔ)言復(fù)興課程

become fluent in 在……方面變得流利

the indigenous tongue 土著語(yǔ)言

digital classrooms 數(shù)字教室

spoken languages 口語(yǔ)

主題應(yīng)用·語(yǔ)庫(kù)構(gòu)建

Ⅰ.主題詞匯

native 本地的

attitude 態(tài)度

refer 提到；參考；查閱

system 體系；制度；系統(tǒng)

civilization 文明；文明世界

base 基礎(chǔ)；來(lái)源

symbol 符號(hào)；象征

carve 雕刻

dynasty 王朝；朝代

major 主要的；主修課程

means 方式；方法；途徑

classic 傳統(tǒng)的；典型的

character 文字；符號(hào)；角色；品質(zhì)；特點(diǎn)

calligraphy 書(shū)法；書(shū)法藝術(shù)

appreciate 欣賞；感激

specific 特定的；明確的；具體的

equal 相同的

demand 要求；需求

description 描寫(xiě)(文字)；形容

phrase 短語(yǔ)

idiom 習(xí)語(yǔ)；成語(yǔ)

pronunciation 發(fā)音

grammar 語(yǔ)法

sentence 句子

vocabulary 詞匯

communication 交流

accuracy 準(zhǔn)確；精確

standard 標(biāo)準(zhǔn)(的)

fault 缺點(diǎn)；毛??；過(guò)錯(cuò)

perfect 完美的；極好的

abundant 大量的；豐富的

wonderful 精彩的；令人驚嘆的

splendid 壯麗的；極佳的

master 精通；掌握

acquire 獲得；得到

overcome 克服；解決

enlarge 擴(kuò)大；放大

practice 練習(xí)

pronounce 發(fā)音

spell 拼寫(xiě)

recite 背誦

translate 翻譯

Ⅱ.主題短語(yǔ)

be known for 因……而出名

at the beginning 起初

in one direction 朝一個(gè)方向

of great importance 很重要

play a role in 在……中起作用

an increasing number of 越來(lái)越多的

refer to 涉及；查閱

ups and downs 浮沉；興衰；榮辱

date back(to)追溯到

point of view 觀點(diǎn)；看法

relate to 與……相關(guān)；涉及；談到

used to 過(guò)去常常；曾經(jīng)

have a lot of trouble with 在……上遇到很多困難

compare A with B 把A與B比較

be familiar with 熟悉……

refer to a dictionary 查字典

make good use of 充分利用

writing system 書(shū)寫(xiě)體系

make progress 取得進(jìn)步

communicate with 與……交流

be connected with 與……有聯(lián)系

a beautiful art form 一種美麗的藝術(shù)形式

focus one's attention on/concentrate on 集中(注意力、精力)于

enlarge/expand vocabulary 擴(kuò)大詞匯量

form/develop/fall into/get into the habit of

reading 養(yǎng)成閱讀習(xí)慣

have a good knowledge of English 精通英語(yǔ)

improve writing skills 提升寫(xiě)作技巧

Ⅲ.主題美句

1. Having lived in China for many years and having learned English since I was a child,I have a good command of Chi?nese and English,which is beneficial to in?troducing Chinese paintings. 我在中國(guó)生活了很多年，并且從小就學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ)，所以我精通漢語(yǔ)和英語(yǔ)，這對(duì)（我）介紹中國(guó)畫(huà)是有利的。

2. You could turn to your teacher whenever you have difficulties in learning English. 無(wú)論何時(shí)你遇到學(xué)英語(yǔ)方面的困難，你都可以向你的老師尋求幫助。

3.Make use of every opportunity to practice Chinese, because the more you use Chinese,the better you will learn it.利用一切機(jī)會(huì)練習(xí)漢語(yǔ)，因?yàn)槟銤h語(yǔ)用得越多，你就學(xué)得越好。

4. Learning any language takes a lot of effort, but don't give up. 學(xué)習(xí)任何語(yǔ)言都需要花費(fèi)很多努力，但不要放棄。

5.Only by practicing more can you make great progress in your English study.只有多加練習(xí)，你的英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)才會(huì)取得很大的進(jìn)步。

6. As is known to all, vocabulary is of great importance. 眾所周知，詞匯是非常重要的。

7.What's more, try to communicate with your classmates in English out of class. Only in this way can you improve your listening and spoken English quickly.

更重要的是，試著在課外用英語(yǔ)和你的同學(xué)交流。只有這樣你才能快速提升你的英語(yǔ)聽(tīng)力和口語(yǔ)。

8. The textbooks and dictionaries can be used as reference books while the maga?zines serve as reading materials.課本和辭書(shū)可以用作參考書(shū)籍，而雜志可以當(dāng)作閱讀材料。

9. There are more and more foreign?ers learning Chinese, because China is playing an increasingly important part in the world. 有越來(lái)越多的外國(guó)人在學(xué)漢語(yǔ)，因?yàn)橹袊?guó)在世界上起著越來(lái)越重要的作用。

10. I take part in the English corner and other after?class English activities and they benefit me a lot. 我參加英語(yǔ)角和其他課外英語(yǔ)活動(dòng)，它們使我受益匪淺。

Ⅳ.主題寫(xiě)作

假定你是李華，你的新西蘭好友Paul 目前在中國(guó)學(xué)習(xí)漢語(yǔ)。近日，他發(fā)來(lái)郵件向你詢(xún)問(wèn)提升漢語(yǔ)聽(tīng)力的建議。請(qǐng)你用英語(yǔ)給他回一封郵件，內(nèi)容包括：

1.表示理解；

2.給出建議；

3.表達(dá)祝愿。

注意:

1.詞數(shù)80左右；

2.可以適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫。

Dear Paul,

__________________________________________

__________________________________________

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Yours,

Li Hua

Ⅴ.主題測(cè)評(píng)

見(jiàn)P62～P73 自測(cè)園地“世界各地的語(yǔ)言”內(nèi)容。