韋婧
1714年,在京杭大運(yùn)河上,由蘇州漂來一條小船,一對年輕夫婦在濟(jì)寧州南門口下來,在運(yùn)河岸開辦了一個醬菜店鋪;一百年后的1816年,冷孫兩家合資買下了這家難以為繼的店鋪,官商合力建成了京省馳名的醬園;又一百年后的1915年,玉堂產(chǎn)品名震巴拿馬,在萬國博覽會冠壓群芳,一舉獲得6塊金牌,名揚(yáng)四海;又大約過了一百年,21世紀(jì)初,玉堂醬園搬遷至城東洸府河畔,由百折不撓的玉堂人建成現(xiàn)代化的食品工業(yè)基地。
“閱盡往昔世相,歷經(jīng)風(fēng)云變幻”,回眸一瞥,倏忽已是三百年。玉堂醬園能在長期的商業(yè)競爭中逐漸發(fā)展壯大起來,憑借的便是始終如一的“誠信經(jīng)營”原則。
關(guān)于玉堂醬園“童叟無欺”的民間傳說很多,但廣為流傳的是“一個制錢的買賣”。據(jù)說,無論大人小孩,只要拿一個銅錢,就能到玉堂買兩塊醬菜,再滴上幾滴香油,還會被店員恭送出門外。當(dāng)年,軍機(jī)大臣孫毓汶被當(dāng)朝御史以“既為官又經(jīng)商與民爭利”為由,參了一本。孫毓汶得知后,寫了申奏,說自家的玉堂醬園是一個制錢的買賣,便利于民。后來,慈禧太后傳見孫毓汶,聽其面陳后,便派官赴濟(jì)寧查證。經(jīng)查證,玉堂“一個制錢的買賣”屬實(shí),這才有了慈禧太后“京省馳名、味壓江南”的贊譽(yù)。玉堂醬園從清嘉慶年間開始,制訂了“規(guī)矩牌”,“規(guī)矩牌”既有做事的規(guī)矩,也有做人的規(guī)矩,對犯錯誤的店員和工人要“砸鍋”,即開除,連大小頭目也有被“砸鍋”的可能。所以,歷代玉堂人做人做事都規(guī)規(guī)矩矩,道德品行讓人無可指摘。這些商德義舉,口碑相傳,為玉堂醬園贏得了無價的信譽(yù)。
玉堂醬園雖然釀造的是“柴米油鹽醬與菜”,但玉堂醬園的文化,卻是不斷汲取儒家的智慧和力量、精神和血脈、文化和靈魂。“貨真價實(shí)、童叟無欺”,這一經(jīng)營店訓(xùn)歷百年傳承,成為玉堂醬園歷經(jīng)磨難、經(jīng)久不衰的傳家之寶,也是其享譽(yù)世界的文化之魂。
玉堂醬園三百多年,先后傳承了22人,這其中約有三分之一是失敗者,約有三分之一是平穩(wěn)過渡者,另三分之一則在“臨界點(diǎn)”上力挽狂瀾,大有作為,一次又一次拯救玉堂,使其走向發(fā)展壯大之路。1992年臨危受命擔(dān)任玉堂釀造總廠廠長的何景春便是其中的復(fù)興者之一。
在傳承人何景春的帶領(lǐng)下,玉堂醬園建立了嚴(yán)格、高標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的質(zhì)量管理體系,無論從原材料的甄選、采購,還是到產(chǎn)品的出廠上市,再到后續(xù)的跟蹤服務(wù),都有層層管理機(jī)制。專業(yè)人員一絲不茍地嚴(yán)格把關(guān),不合格、不合規(guī)的產(chǎn)品絕不能運(yùn)出廠,全心全意確保產(chǎn)品品質(zhì)。
玉堂醬菜生產(chǎn)專門設(shè)有“手工班”,“手工班”在玉堂流芳傳世三百多年,其宗旨就是“匠人、匠藝、匠品,精心釀造,手工制作”。其采用傳統(tǒng)手工工藝,嚴(yán)格秉承“釀醬不用隔年糧,腌制用菜無皮傷。翻缸莫簡勿惜力,足期醬制保菜香”。食材經(jīng)過嚴(yán)格篩選,比如醬黃瓜,選料精細(xì),一斤稱13根且要頂花帶刺,兩頭要一樣粗,當(dāng)天采摘當(dāng)天收。蔬菜原料經(jīng)預(yù)處理、腌制、脫鹽、脫水、天然醬制而成,醬菜以醬香濃郁、色香味形俱佳而著稱。玉堂醬園堅(jiān)守匠人精神,以制作高品質(zhì)的產(chǎn)品為己任,孜孜以求。
隨著時代的發(fā)展,消費(fèi)者飲食口味發(fā)生變化,對飲食健康的要求也不斷提升。玉堂人守正創(chuàng)新,在傳承經(jīng)典醬菜品種的同時,改良推出低鹽、低糖的新醬菜,受到廣大消費(fèi)者的青睞。玉堂醬園不只推陳出新,也順應(yīng)國潮趨勢恢復(fù)其典型產(chǎn)品,推出的“金波酒”“醉蟹”喚起不少人的懷舊情懷。
匠品難得,匠人難求。自2020年以來,玉堂醬園持續(xù)開展轉(zhuǎn)型升級和技術(shù)改造工程,產(chǎn)能比以前增長50%—100%。但對于傳統(tǒng)制醬技術(shù)的傳承,仍然是玉堂人始終堅(jiān)持的。玉堂醬園堅(jiān)持采用老帶新的技師制度,先提高學(xué)徒的質(zhì)量意識,再一點(diǎn)一點(diǎn)教授制醬細(xì)節(jié),一整個流程學(xué)下來,要用8至10年時間。在快節(jié)奏的當(dāng)下,每一位玉堂技師都慢下腳步,踏踏實(shí)實(shí)地忙碌著,匠心、初心、醬藝像醬料一樣,經(jīng)過時間發(fā)酵后愈發(fā)醇厚。
“南門外,買賣忙,生意興隆數(shù)玉堂”,這首在濟(jì)寧民間廣為流傳的歌謠,生動記錄著玉堂醬園深受人們信任和喜歡的美好歲月。從運(yùn)河邊上的玉堂醬園,買上一塊紅方豆腐乳、一碟醬黃瓜、一瓶陳醋,老濟(jì)寧人的鮮活記憶,如今都濃縮在玉堂博物館里。
作為濟(jì)寧首家中華老字號歷史文化博物館,玉堂博物館以“千年運(yùn)河,百年玉堂”為主題,以運(yùn)河文化、儒商文化、非遺文化為主線,現(xiàn)有藏品500多件,展示了玉堂醬園的發(fā)展歷史、現(xiàn)代風(fēng)貌和未來愿景,呈現(xiàn)出了獨(dú)具魅力的企業(yè)文化。“建設(shè)玉堂博物館,一是為了對員工進(jìn)行廠史教育,不忘玉堂匠心、初心;二是傳承經(jīng)典,展現(xiàn)濟(jì)寧當(dāng)?shù)氐膫鹘y(tǒng)文化?!焙尉按赫f。
在文化“兩創(chuàng)”的助推下,老字號玉堂醬園再現(xiàn)經(jīng)濟(jì)新活力,玉堂博物館自5月開館以來已累計(jì)接待游客一萬余人次。據(jù)玉堂博物館負(fù)責(zé)人介紹,博物館將在文化“兩創(chuàng)”的指引下,開發(fā)研學(xué)游項(xiàng)目,依托玉堂醬園豐厚的歷史積淀和餐飲資源,增加更多傳統(tǒng)文化體驗(yàn)環(huán)節(jié),向海內(nèi)外游客展現(xiàn)濟(jì)寧市“守正創(chuàng)新”的美食文化。
老字號企業(yè)承載著中華民族工匠精神和優(yōu)秀傳統(tǒng)文化,擁有巨大的品牌價值、經(jīng)濟(jì)價值和文化價值。玉堂醬園不僅僅是一個生產(chǎn)經(jīng)營單位,更是在300多年發(fā)展中融入濟(jì)寧,成為運(yùn)河文化的一部分。
今年以來,玉堂醬園進(jìn)一步整合優(yōu)化文化資源,推動生產(chǎn)與現(xiàn)代服務(wù)深度融合,規(guī)劃建設(shè)老字號聚集區(qū),利用廠區(qū)西片區(qū)的老舊廠房,建設(shè)一處集游購樂、產(chǎn)學(xué)研、互動體驗(yàn)于一體的老字號聚集區(qū),讓更多游客走進(jìn)玉堂、體驗(yàn)玉堂;依托“運(yùn)河記憶”歷史文化街區(qū),恢復(fù)老玉堂廠址的歷史原貌,把南門口打造成“運(yùn)河記憶”的一個亮麗景點(diǎn),推動文化“兩創(chuàng)”,帶動當(dāng)?shù)乩献痔柶髽I(yè)共同發(fā)展。
編輯/郭曉娟
Revitalization of Century-old Yutang
For thousands of years, the canal culture has been significantly influencing and energetically shaping Jining. In particular, after the opening of the Jining Section of the Grand Canal, Jining became “a Land and Water Traffic Hub, and a Gathering Place of Merchants” in reliance upon its special geographical advantages of integrating south and north and combining east and west. Its commerce and trade achieved unprecedented prosperity; handicraft industry flourished; food service industry increasingly thrived; self-employed and private businesses gained great development…Nourished by the century-old canal culture, the brand“Yutang Pickle Shop” came into being and continued to develop. Yutang Pickle Shop produces “Daily Necessities—Sauces and Pickles”, but its culture is constantly absorbing Confucian wisdom & strength, spirit & tradition, and culture & soul. Surviving several centuries, the shop motto of “genuine goods at fair prices, no cheating on the young or the old” has become an enduring heirloom of the shop, and its world-renowned soul of culture.
Yutangs history embodies not only economic products, but also the canal culture spirit. Its shining golden signboard condenses the spirit of Jinings national industrial development, and stimulates the innovation vigor of the canal culture. Since this year, Yutang has further integrated and optimized its cultural resources, boosted the in-depth integration of production and modern services, planned the construc- tion of a time-honored brand cluster, and intended to utilize the old factory space in the western part of the factory to build the time-honored brand cluster integrating tourism, shopping, entertainment, industry-university-research cooperation, and interactive experience, allowing more visitors to approach and experience Yutang. Besides, it has planned to restore the historical appearance of old Yutang Factory in reliance upon the Nanan(South Bank) Street Canal Memory Culture Attraction, build the South Gate into a gorgeous scenic spot themed on the canal memory, realize the “creative transformation and innovative development” of culture, and stimulate the common development of local time-honored enterprises.