張?jiān)娪?/p>

（湖北省荊州市松滋一中）

Reverse Tourism

Going against the tide of flocking to well-known yet generally jam-packed tourist destinations on vacation,a growing number of holidaymakers in China tend to spend their leisure time at lesser-known resorts to seek unique,relaxed holiday experiences.“Reverse tourism”has emerged as a new trend among young holidaymakers in China.

During the week-long public holiday,which ended on Oct.7,large numbers of vacationers,especially young professionals who long to escape hectic city life,shunned popular holiday destinations in order to get off the beaten track and enjoy some peace and quiet.

According to data from online travel agency Qunar,as cited byBeijing Daily,the number of rooms booked at hotels in less-traveled cities during the holiday was up 30 percent year-on-year.Bookings for four-and five-star hotels in less-traveled places including Linxia in Gansu province,Shizuishan in the Ningxia Hui autonomous region,and Haibei in Qinghai province all increased at least 10-fold compared with the same period of 2021.

Besides crowds,some vacationers chose less-traveled places to save on the cost of trips to popular destinations,which often entail pricey tickets,meals and hotel stays.

“Tourism used to be about sightseeing.Now it is about experiences,”Dai Bin,president of the China Tourism Academy,toldBeijing Daily.Lesser-known attractions are not as“commercial”and“standardized”as developed ones and are able to offer more authentic experiences and natural encounters,according to social media posts.And unlike popular destinations,some underexplored places with little online exposure can offer more surprises.

COVID-19 is another key factor fueling reverse tourism.As precautionary measures continue,traveling has an unpredictable quality.A traveler has no way of knowing what lies ahead before departure,be it a perfect holiday or one interrupted by a sudden outbreak.Travelers have thus become more cautious and tend to choose local attractions or places with fewer tourists.

“The rise of reverse tourism is hardly a bad thing,”said an opinion piece inZhengzhou Daily.It means that vacationers now have more options,which brings more possibilities to the tourism market,the article explains.More importantly,it noted,the trend is set to force popular destinations to improve themselves instead of resting on their laurels.

Jiang Han,a senior researcher at the Beijing-based public policy think tank Pangoal,said that reverse tourism will become one of the future directions for the market and is an opportunity for growth comparable to the camping economy.To give a real boost to the tourism market,Jiang suggested that more efforts be made to tap the potential of underrated,lesser-known destinations.

閱讀小練

1.What does the underlined word“jam-packed”in Paragraph 1 mean?

A.Deserted. B.Broad.

C.Crowded. D.Attractive.

2.Why do some vacationers choose less-traveled places?

A.Because they are not fond of socializing.

B.Because they don’t want to spend their money on tickets.

C.Because traveling to sparsely populated areas is the only choice during the pandemic.

D.Because it can offer them more real experiences.

3.What is the impact of reverse tourism on the tourism market?

A.It dominated the tourism market.

B.It leads to a decline in the tourism market.

C.It makes well-known attractions no longer popular.

D.It creates more chances for the tourism market.

4.What is the main idea of the passage?

A.More people get off the beaten track for relaxing break.

B.A large number of holidaymakers in China oppose reverse tourism.

C.Some ways to make less-known destinations popular.

D.Reverse tourism has great prospects recently.

（答案見(jiàn)P45）

全篇譯文

在中國(guó)，越來(lái)越多的度假者傾向于把他們的閑暇時(shí)間花在鮮為人知的度假勝地，以尋求獨(dú)特、輕松的度假體驗(yàn)，這與人們?cè)诙燃贂r(shí)蜂擁前往知名但普遍擁擠的旅游目的地的潮流相反?！澳嫦蚵糜巍币殉蔀橹袊?guó)年輕度假者中流行的一種新趨勢(shì)。

在十一假期間，大量度假者，尤其是渴望逃離繁忙的城市生活的年輕職場(chǎng)人士，為了不走尋常路，享受一些閑適與寧?kù)o，避開了熱門度假目的地。

《北京日?qǐng)?bào)》報(bào)道稱，據(jù)在線旅游機(jī)構(gòu)“去哪兒網(wǎng)”的數(shù)據(jù)，十一假期間，在游客較少的城市，酒店預(yù)訂的房間數(shù)量同比增長(zhǎng)了30%。在游客較少的地區(qū)，包括甘肅臨夏、寧夏回族自治區(qū)石嘴山和青海海北，四星級(jí)和五星級(jí)酒店十一假期間的預(yù)訂量都比2021 年同期增長(zhǎng)了至少10 倍。

除了擁擠的人群之外，一些度假者選擇人跡罕至的地方以節(jié)省前往機(jī)票、餐飲和酒店住宿往往都很貴的熱門目的地費(fèi)用。

中國(guó)旅游研究院院長(zhǎng)戴斌告訴《北京日?qǐng)?bào)》：“旅游業(yè)過(guò)去是觀光，現(xiàn)在是體驗(yàn)?！睋?jù)社交媒體帖子稱，不太知名的景點(diǎn)不像成熟景點(diǎn)那樣“商業(yè)化”和“標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化”，能夠提供更真實(shí)的經(jīng)歷和自然體驗(yàn)。與熱門目的地不同的是，一些未被開發(fā)的、很少在網(wǎng)上曝光的地方可以帶來(lái)更多驚喜。

新冠肺炎疫情是推動(dòng)逆向旅游的另一個(gè)關(guān)鍵因素。隨著預(yù)防措施的繼續(xù)，旅行具有不可預(yù)測(cè)性。旅行者在出發(fā)前對(duì)于將會(huì)發(fā)生什么——到底是完美的假期，還是會(huì)被突發(fā)疫情打斷——不得而知。因此，旅行者變得更加謹(jǐn)慎，傾向于選擇當(dāng)?shù)鼐包c(diǎn)或游客較少的地方。

《鄭州日?qǐng)?bào)》的一篇評(píng)論文章寫道：“逆向旅游的興起并不是一件壞事”。文章解釋說(shuō)，這意味著度假者現(xiàn)在有了更多的選擇，這給旅游市場(chǎng)帶來(lái)了更多的可能性。它（文章）指出，更重要的是，這一趨勢(shì)將迫使熱門旅游目的地改善自身，而不是依賴其過(guò)去的光環(huán)。

位于北京公共政策研究機(jī)構(gòu)盤古智庫(kù)的高級(jí)研究員江瀚說(shuō)，逆向旅游將成為未來(lái)旅游市場(chǎng)的趨勢(shì)之一，其發(fā)展機(jī)會(huì)可以與露營(yíng)經(jīng)濟(jì)相媲美。江瀚建議，為了真正促進(jìn)旅游市場(chǎng)的發(fā)展，要更加努力地挖掘那些被低估、不太為人所知的旅游目的地的潛力。

答案和解析

新研究表明鳥鳴可以讓你心情愉悅

1.C 詞義猜測(cè)題，根據(jù)第一段第二句“This could be good news for your mental health because birdsong can help relieve anxiety.”可知，soothed 應(yīng)為relieve 的近義詞，結(jié)合選項(xiàng)可知，應(yīng)為reduced。故選C。

2.B 細(xì)節(jié)理解題，根據(jù)第六段內(nèi)容可知，即使不是真的鳥鳴聲，電腦播放的鳥鳴聲也有助于緩解壓力。根據(jù)第十段最后一句可知，A 選項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤；根據(jù)第三段倒數(shù)第二句可知，參與測(cè)試的295 名參與者都是健康的人，C 選項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤；根據(jù)第五段最后一句可知，D 選項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤。故選B。

3.D 標(biāo)題概括題，根據(jù)最后一段最后兩句“It is clear that birdlife has been adversely affected by urbanization,in terms of habitat loss and other negative impacts such as disorienting noise pollution.The Swaddleobserves that humans should read this as a warning to protect biodiversity so that city dwellers don’t end up only accessing birdsong via digital media.”可知，城市化給鳥類帶來(lái)了棲息地的破壞和其他像噪音污染等問(wèn)題。人類應(yīng)將其這看作是一個(gè)提醒我們需要保護(hù)生物多樣性的警示。綜上可知，作者呼吁大家在城市化的進(jìn)程中要關(guān)注保護(hù)鳥類。由此可推知，D 項(xiàng)“因城市化而呼吁保護(hù)鳥類”適合放在空格處，作為一個(gè)小標(biāo)題。故選D。

逆向旅游

1.C 詞義猜測(cè)題。由第一段第一句可知，越來(lái)越多的度假者傾向于把閑暇時(shí)間花在不太知名的度假勝地，開頭句中有“against”，表明與后文提到的知名度假勝地相反。從后文也可知人們目前不喜歡人多的景點(diǎn)，deserted 意為“空無(wú)一人的”；broad 意為“寬廣的，寬闊的”；crowded 意為“擁擠的”；attractive 意為“吸引人的”。故選C。

2.D 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第五段第三句“Lesser-known attractions are not as‘commercial’and‘standardized’as developed ones and are able to offer more authentic experiences and natural encounters,according to social media posts.”可知，據(jù)社交媒體帖子稱，不太知名的景點(diǎn)不像成熟景點(diǎn)那樣“商業(yè)化”和“標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化”，能夠提供更真實(shí)的經(jīng)歷和自然體驗(yàn)。故選D。

3.D 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由倒數(shù)第二段第二句中的“It means that vacationers now have more options,which brings more possibilities to the tourism market”可知，這意味著度假者現(xiàn)在有了更多的選擇，給旅游市場(chǎng)帶來(lái)了更多的可能性。故選D。

4.A 主旨大意題。本文為一篇新聞報(bào)道。在中國(guó)，越來(lái)越多的度假者傾向于把閑暇時(shí)間花在鮮為人知的度假勝地，以尋求獨(dú)特、輕松的度假體驗(yàn)，這與人們?cè)诙燃贂r(shí)蜂擁前往知名但普遍擁擠的旅游目的地的潮流相反?！澳嫦蚵糜巍币殉蔀橹袊?guó)年輕度假者中流行的一種新趨勢(shì)。文章為總分結(jié)構(gòu)。開頭交代了文章大意，中間分析造成這一現(xiàn)象的原因，最后為專業(yè)人員對(duì)這一現(xiàn)象的評(píng)價(jià)。故選A。