葉偉 黃敏 陳穎犁
【摘 要】目的 探討復(fù)方桐葉燒傷油通過p38信號通路調(diào)節(jié)激酶(MAPK)信號通路對糖尿病足大鼠皮膚組織水通道蛋白3表達的影響。方法 選取60只SD大鼠隨機分為正常對照組(A組)、糖尿病足潰瘍組(B組)、復(fù)方桐葉燒傷油組(C組)、復(fù)方桐葉燒傷油+SB203580組(D組),各15只。B組、C組、D組45只大鼠腹腔注射鏈脲佐菌素誘導(dǎo)糖尿病后構(gòu)建糖尿病足潰瘍模型;比較各組研究指標。結(jié)果 C組創(chuàng)面愈合率顯著高于B組,D組創(chuàng)面愈合率顯著低于C組(P<0.001);B組、C組、D組組織中TNF-α、IL-6、CRP水平均顯著高于A組,C組組織中TNF-α、IL-6、CRP水平均顯著低于B組,D組組織中TNF-α、IL-6、CRP水平顯著高于C組(P<0.001);B組、D組組織中APQ3、p38蛋白表達量均低于A組(P<0.001);C組組織中APQ3表達量低于A組(P<0.001),而p38蛋白表達量顯著高于B組,D組APQ3、p38蛋白表達量均極顯著低于C組(P<0.001)。結(jié)論 復(fù)方桐葉燒傷油促進糖尿病足皮膚創(chuàng)面愈合,通過激活p38 MAPK信號通路磷酸化上調(diào)糖尿病足大鼠皮膚組織中APQ3表達。
【關(guān)鍵詞】復(fù)方桐葉燒傷油;p38 MAPK信號通路;糖尿病足;水通道蛋白3
中圖分類號:R587.2 文獻標識碼:A 文章編號:1004-4949(2023)20-0103-04
基金項目:江西省中醫(yī)院管理局科技計劃項目(編號:2021A204)
Compound Tong Ye Burn Oil Promotes Skin Wound Healing of Diabetic Foot and Regulates AQP3 Expression in Diabetic Foot Rats Through p38 MAPK Signaling Pathway
YE Wei1, HUANG Min2, CHEN Ying-li3
(1.Department of Emergency, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330000, Jiangxi, China; 2.Department of Emergency, Fengcheng Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fengcheng 331100, Jiangxi, China; 3.Department of Hematology, Jiangxi Childrens Hospital, Nanchang 330000, Jiangxi, China)
【Abstract】Objective To investigate the effect of compound Tong leaf burn oil on the expression of aquaporin-3 in the skin of diabetic foot rats through p38 signaling pathway regulated kinase (MAPK) signaling pathway. Methods 60 SD rats were randomly divided into normal control group, diabetic foot ulcer group, compound tung leaf burn oil group and compound tung leaf burn oil +SB203580 group, with 15 rats in each group. Diabetic foot ulcer model was established in 45 rats in diabetic foot ulcer group, compound tung leaf burn oil group, compound tung leaf burn oil +SB203580 group after intrabitoneal injection of streptozotocin. The study indexes of each group were compared. Results The wound healing rate of group C was significantly higher than that of group B, and the wound healing rate of group D was significantly lower than that of group C (P<0.001). The levels of TNF-α, IL-6 and CRP in group B, group C and group D were significantly higher than those in group A; The levels of TNF-α, IL-6 and CRP in group C were significantly lower than those in group B; The levels of TNF-α, IL-6 and CRP in group D were significantly higher than those in group C (P<0.001). The expression levels of APQ3 and p38 protein in group B and group D were lower than those in group A (P<0.001). The expression of APQ3 in group C was lower than that in group A (P<0.001), while the expression of p38 protein was significantly higher than that in group B. The expression of APQ3 and p38 protein in group D was significantly lower than that in group C (P<0.001). Conclusion Compound Tong leaf burn oil can promote the skin wound healing of diabetic foot and up-regulate the expression of APQ3 in the skin tissue of diabetic foot rats by activating the phosphorylation of p38 MAPK signaling pathway.
【Key words】Compound TongYe Burn Oil; p38 MAPK signaling pathway; Diabetic foot; Aquaporin 3
糖尿病足潰瘍(diabetic foot ulcer)是糖尿病的嚴重并發(fā)癥之一,是導(dǎo)致糖尿病患者致殘甚至致死的主要原因之一,糖尿病患者足部潰瘍的總發(fā)生率可能高達19~34%[1]。隨著糖尿病發(fā)病率的不斷升高,糖尿病足潰瘍的發(fā)病率也在逐年升高,探究糖尿病足潰瘍的的治療方案尤為重要。有研究發(fā)現(xiàn)[2],高糖條件下p38 MAPK活性降低,由乙酰膽堿誘導(dǎo)的角質(zhì)形成細胞-上皮-間質(zhì)細胞轉(zhuǎn)化被抑制,說明p38 MAPK信號通路可能會影響創(chuàng)面修復(fù)的過程。在AQP3缺陷的角質(zhì)形成細胞的研究中,p38 MAPK激活受損。Kumazasa提取物引起的AQP3表達增加可能是通過激活p38 MAPK信號通路來增強轉(zhuǎn)錄[3]。復(fù)方桐葉燒傷油具有促進創(chuàng)面愈合、消炎止痛等功效,經(jīng)復(fù)方桐葉燒傷油治療后潰瘍創(chuàng)面可縮小,潰瘍皮膚組織中的TGF-α含量升高,TNF-β含量降低;潰瘍皮膚組織中肉芽組織厚度明顯降低,炎癥細胞數(shù)明顯減少。復(fù)方桐葉燒傷油是否調(diào)控AQP3和p38 MAPK來促進創(chuàng)面愈合尚不明確,本研究選取糖尿病足大鼠模型探討復(fù)方桐葉燒傷油通過p38信號通路調(diào)節(jié)激酶信號通路對糖尿病足大鼠皮膚組織水通道蛋白3表達的機制。
1.1 實驗動物 選取60只清潔級SD大鼠[科大斯貝福北京生物有限公司,生產(chǎn)許可證號:SCXK(京)2019-0010],周齡為8周,體重為(235±18)g。動物實驗符合動物倫理(倫理號:CDYFY-IACUC-202304QR013)。大鼠飼養(yǎng)溫度為23 ℃~24 ℃,濕度為40%~60%,將大鼠適應(yīng)性喂養(yǎng)7 d后進行后續(xù)實驗。
1.2 方法
1.2.1試驗分組 選擇60只SD大鼠隨機分為A組、B組、C組、D組,各15只。A組采用普通飼料喂養(yǎng)且給予腹腔注射檸檬酸鈉緩沖液,劑量與糖尿病模型大鼠腹腔注射劑量一致;余45只大鼠通過高糖高脂飼料喂養(yǎng)并制備以改良鏈脲佐菌素誘導(dǎo)的糖尿病模型,建模成功后將糖尿病足潰瘍模型大鼠模型隨機分為B組、C組、復(fù)方桐葉燒傷油+SB203580。其中A組與B組均外敷浸濕生理鹽水的紡紗,C組于造模成功后予以復(fù)方桐葉燒傷油進行治療,p38抑制劑組于造模成功后予以D組治療。B組3只大鼠死于糖尿病足感染,C組1只大鼠死于糖尿病足感染,D組4只大鼠死于糖尿病足感染。
1.2.2皮膚組織取材 用無菌組織提取器分別于各組大鼠足背部皮膚進行取材,取材完成后用于ELISA法檢測、Western blot分析。
1.3 觀察指標 觀察各組大鼠的創(chuàng)面愈合情況、炎癥因子水平(通過取創(chuàng)面組織,檢測組織中TNF-α、IL-6、CRP表達水平)、蛋白表達情況(檢測組織中AQP3及p38蛋白水平)。
1.4 統(tǒng)計學(xué)方法 組織蛋白定量檢測數(shù)據(jù)圖采用GraphPad Prism 9.0制作,研究數(shù)據(jù)均采用SPSS 27.0統(tǒng)計學(xué)軟件進行分析,計量資料以(x-±s)表示,多組間比較采用F檢驗,兩組間比較采用獨立樣本t檢驗;P<0.05表示差異有統(tǒng)計學(xué)意義 ,P<0.01表示統(tǒng)計學(xué)意義顯著,P<0.001表示統(tǒng)計學(xué)意義極顯著。
2.1 各組大鼠創(chuàng)面愈合情況 C組創(chuàng)面愈合率顯著高于B組,D組創(chuàng)面愈合率顯著低于C組(P<0.001),見表1。
2.2 各組皮膚組織炎性因子比較 B組、C組、D組組織中TNF-α、IL-6、CRP水平均極顯著高于A組;C組組織中TNF-α、IL-6、CRP水平均極顯著低于B組;D組組織中TNF-α、IL-6、CRP水平極顯著均高于C組(P<0.001),見表2。
2.3 各組皮膚創(chuàng)面AQP3及p38蛋白表達情況比較B組、D組組織中APQ3、p38蛋白表達量均低于A組;C組組織中APQ3蛋白表達量低于A組,而 p38蛋白表達量極顯著低于A組;D組APQ3、p38蛋白表達量均極顯著低于C組(P<0.001),見表3。
糖尿病足作為糖尿病的并發(fā)癥之一,為嚴重影響患者生命質(zhì)量的重要因素,血糖控制不佳容易合并周圍神經(jīng)病變和周圍血管病變,糖尿病足患者皮膚對各組種刺激反應(yīng)差,皮膚出現(xiàn)病變愈合差,多因素導(dǎo)致患者患病率高,治療效果不佳[4,5]。若糖尿病患者的下肢出現(xiàn)傷口,易合并感染,從而導(dǎo)致足部潰瘍。
本研究結(jié)果顯示,C組創(chuàng)面愈合率極顯著高于B組(P<0.001),經(jīng)復(fù)方桐葉燒傷油處理的糖尿病足大鼠潰瘍面積均顯著縮小。分析原因可能是由于復(fù)方桐葉燒傷油有利于擴張微血管并改善機體微循環(huán),減輕機體炎癥反應(yīng),并促進創(chuàng)面愈合,對上皮組織生長具有重要作用,同時該藥能夠保護間生態(tài)組織,誘導(dǎo)間生態(tài)組織轉(zhuǎn)化為具有生長功能的上皮組織,有利于改善糖尿病足大鼠皮膚創(chuàng)面情況[6,7]。D組創(chuàng)面愈合率極顯著低于C組(P<0.001),說明抑制p38 MAPK抑制劑可以拮抗復(fù)方桐葉燒傷油促進創(chuàng)傷面愈合的作用,國外也有研究發(fā)現(xiàn)p38 MAPK抑制劑可以抑制糖尿病引起的傷口愈合,高糖血癥可導(dǎo)致胰島素源性的炎性因子釋放量升高,如TNF-α、IL-6、CRP等炎性細胞因子,進而加劇機體炎癥性反應(yīng)及氧化應(yīng)激反應(yīng)[8,9]。本研究結(jié)果也顯示,C組組織中TNF-α、IL-6、CRP水平均極顯著低于B組,D組組織中TNF-α、IL-6、CRP水平均極顯著高于C組(P<0.001),說明經(jīng)復(fù)方桐葉燒傷油處理后,糖尿病足大鼠皮膚組織中TNF-α、IL-6、CRP水平均顯著降低,即復(fù)方桐葉燒傷油減輕了創(chuàng)傷面炎癥反應(yīng)。在各種機械損傷和創(chuàng)傷損傷中,表皮角質(zhì)形成細胞的AQP3表達增加,促進角質(zhì)形成細胞遷移,增強角質(zhì)形成細胞的增殖和分化,胞外信號調(diào)節(jié)激酶信號通路在介導(dǎo)細胞信號方面扮演重要角色,p38 MAPK信號通路參與介導(dǎo)細胞反應(yīng)[10-12]。本研究發(fā)現(xiàn),C組組織中APQ3、p38蛋白表達量均極顯著高于B組,而D組APQ3、p38 蛋白表達量均顯著低于C組(P<0.001),提示復(fù)方桐葉燒傷油可能通過激活p38 MAPK信號通路磷酸化上調(diào)阻斷AQP3表達。
復(fù)方桐葉燒傷油可能通過激活p38 MAPK信號通路磷酸化而上調(diào)糖尿病足大鼠皮膚組織中AQP3表達,可改善炎癥反應(yīng)及促進創(chuàng)面潰瘍愈合。
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編輯 張孟麗