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一類(lèi)雙曲守恒律方程組退化Goursat問(wèn)題整體光滑解的存在性

2024-05-15 11:38:37趙佳敏肖偉

趙佳敏 肖偉

摘要: 針對(duì)一類(lèi)雙曲守恒律方程組退化Goursat問(wèn)題, 研究其整體光滑解的存在性. 首先, 引入特征角α,β, 建立α,β和壓力P的特征分解; 其次, 利用α,β的特征分解得到不變區(qū)域, 進(jìn)而得到特征角的最大模估計(jì); 最后, 通過(guò)壓力P的特征分解以及連續(xù)性方法建立解的梯度估計(jì), 從而證明退化Goursat問(wèn)題解的存在性.

關(guān)鍵詞: 雙曲守恒律方程組; 特征分解; 退化Goursat問(wèn)題; 平面稀疏波

中圖分類(lèi)號(hào): O175.2文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)志碼: A文章編號(hào): 1671-5489(2024)02-0197-08

Existence of? Global Smooth Solutions for Degenerate Goursat Problem of a Class of Hyperbolic Conservation Law Systems

ZHAO Jiamin, XIAO Wei

(School of Sciences, Changan University, Xian 710064, China)

Abstract: We studied the existence of the global smooth solutions for degenerate Gourset problem of a class of hyperbolic conversation law systems. Firstly, we introduced? characteristic angles α,β, and established characteristic decompositions for α,β and pressure P. Secondly, the characteristic decompositions of? α,β were used to obtain the invariant region, and then the maximum norm estimate of the characteristic angles were obtained. Finally, the gradient estimates of the solution were established by the characteristic decomposition of pressure P and continuity method, which proved the existence of the solutions to the degenerate Gourset problem.

Keywords:? hyperbolic conservation law system; characteristic decomposition; degenerate Goursat problem; planar rarefaction wave

1 引言與預(yù)備知識(shí)

非線性雙曲守恒律方程組來(lái)源于物理和力學(xué)等中的許多自然現(xiàn)象. 其中二維Riemann問(wèn)題的研究在理論和實(shí)際中均具有重要意義. 對(duì)于Euler方程的二維Riemann問(wèn)題, 文獻(xiàn)[1]基于廣義特征分析法和數(shù)值實(shí)驗(yàn)提出了一系列猜想. 但跨音速結(jié)構(gòu)的存在以及小尺度結(jié)構(gòu)[2-3]使得該類(lèi)問(wèn)題的解更復(fù)雜. 文獻(xiàn)[4-5]根據(jù)對(duì)稱(chēng)性避免了這些結(jié)構(gòu), 得到了一些有意義的結(jié)果. 對(duì)于Goursat問(wèn)題, Barthwal等[6]為得到對(duì)應(yīng)二維Riemann問(wèn)題直到真空邊界的全局解的存在性, 考慮Euler方程組Goursat型邊值問(wèn)題, 并在文獻(xiàn)[7]中通過(guò)特征分解和自舉法的思想得到了簡(jiǎn)單波和平面稀疏波相互作用相應(yīng)的二維Riemann問(wèn)題在真空邊界處解的整體存在性; Dai等[8]考慮氣體動(dòng)力學(xué)壓差方程的Goursat問(wèn)題, 證明了退化真空Goursat問(wèn)題整體光滑解的存在性; Hu等[9]利用文獻(xiàn)[8]的方法將非線性波動(dòng)方程局部解延拓為整體解.

Song等[10]為得到f(P)=P條件下退化到聲速線上解的存在性, 在二維壓力梯度系統(tǒng)的研究中構(gòu)造了一種新型波, 這種新型波稱(chēng)為解的半雙曲片. 半雙曲片作為上述結(jié)構(gòu)中的一種, 經(jīng)常出現(xiàn)在Euler方程及相關(guān)模型的二維Riemann問(wèn)題中. Li等[11]通過(guò)引入特征角研究了二維可壓縮Euler方程半雙曲片結(jié)構(gòu); Hu等[12]對(duì)等溫Euler系統(tǒng)的半雙曲片解進(jìn)行了研究. 該類(lèi)型解在翼型的跨音速流和Guderley反射中應(yīng)用廣泛. Feng等[13]證明了一類(lèi)壓強(qiáng)定律的二維可壓縮Euler方程半雙曲片解的存在性; Chen等[14]研究了二維可壓縮Euler系統(tǒng)中非理想氣體在相應(yīng)大小尖角處的膨脹問(wèn)題, 用推廣局部解并結(jié)合估計(jì)和雙曲性得到了非理想氣體與真空交界處全局解的存在性. 本文與文獻(xiàn)[10]不同, 主要利用特征角建立C1估計(jì)得到整體光滑解.

參考文獻(xiàn)

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[16]王柔懷, 伍卓群. 二自變量準(zhǔn)線性雙曲型方程組的若干定解問(wèn)題解的存在與唯一性 [J]. 吉林大學(xué)自然科學(xué)學(xué)報(bào), 1963(2): 459-502. (WANG R H, WU Z Q. On Mixed Initial Boundary Value Problem for Quasi-linear Hyperbolic System of Partial Differential Equations in Two Independent Variables [J]. Acta Scientiarum Naturalium Universitatis Jilinensis, 1963(2): 459-502.)

(責(zé)任編輯: 趙立芹)

收稿日期: 2023-06-27.

第一作者簡(jiǎn)介: 趙佳敏(1998—), 女, 漢族, 碩士研究生, 從事偏微分方程的研究, E-mail: 1362531542@qq.com.

通信作者簡(jiǎn)介: 肖 偉(1983—), 男, 漢族, 博士, 副教授, 從事偏微分方程的研究, E-mail: xiaowei1802002@chd.edu.cn.

基金項(xiàng)目: 陜西省自然科學(xué)基礎(chǔ)研究計(jì)劃項(xiàng)目(批準(zhǔn)號(hào): 2018JQ1084)、 陜西省重點(diǎn)研發(fā)計(jì)劃項(xiàng)目(批準(zhǔn)號(hào): 2019GY202)和長(zhǎng)安大學(xué)中央高?;究蒲袠I(yè)務(wù)費(fèi)專(zhuān)項(xiàng)基金(批準(zhǔn)號(hào): 300102121101).

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