2023年沈陽(yáng)市中考英語(yǔ)題中的閱讀填空題一共七道題，均為用括號(hào)中所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。這篇文章介紹了中國(guó)傳統(tǒng)文化——屬相以及兔子的寓意等。中考樣卷中此題做了一些變動(dòng)，增加了三道盲填。下面我們先看一下23年中考真題：

In China， people often talk about “Shuxiang”， especially during the Spring Festival. Images （形象） of the 12 Chinese “Shuxiang” animals are fun for everyone. The rabbit is in the__43__（four） place.

The rabbit is a symbol （象征） of kindness and a love of beauty in Chinese culture. People born in the Year of Rabbit are usually__44__（peace） and quick-minded. Although they are sometimes shy， they have a strong mind and will try their best__45__（make） their dreams come true. It is said that rabbit people are much__46__（wise） than other people and love taking part in artistic activities.

2023 is a “rabbit year”. Rabbits become more popular. You can see__47__（they） across the world. As a cultural image， the rabbit has been in different forms of art， including__48__（stamp）， colourful lights and so on. Through the rabbit， people from other countries can get a closer look into Chinese culture. In January， 2023， an exhibition （展覽） about rabbits__49__（hold） in the US.

針對(duì)此種類型題，我們需要進(jìn)行定位、分析句子成分、結(jié)合上下文信息進(jìn)行詞形變化。中考樣題中主要涉及如下幾種變形：

1. 數(shù)詞變形

數(shù)詞變形主要是指基數(shù)詞和序數(shù)詞之間的轉(zhuǎn)化，個(gè)別情況還有once和twice的詞形變化。以43題為例：

The rabbit is in the__43__（four） place.

根據(jù)43題句意兔子在第____的位置，空前有定冠詞the，空后有可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)place，因此要填序數(shù)詞。序數(shù)詞變形一定要注意幾個(gè)特殊的序數(shù)詞變形，例如：eight-eighth， nine-ninth， twelve-twelfth， twenty-twentieth。

2. 名詞變形

根據(jù)句意和句子成分需要，名詞主要有單復(fù)數(shù)變化、變成形容詞或副詞等。以44題和48題為例：

People born in the Year of Rabbit are usually__44__（peace） and quick-minded.

As a cultural image， the rabbit has been in different forms of art， including__48

（stamp）， colourful lights and so on.

根據(jù)44題的句意，兔年出生的人通常是____且頭腦反應(yīng)迅速。根據(jù)句意應(yīng)填平和的，同時(shí)根據(jù)句子成分and前后的兩個(gè)詞詞性相同，quick-minded是形容詞推斷前面應(yīng)該填一個(gè)形容詞，peace的形容詞是peaceful。

根據(jù)48題的句意，作為文化形象，兔子已經(jīng)有各種藝術(shù)形式，包括郵票、五顏六色的燈等?？蘸筻]票、五顏六色的燈是并列關(guān)系，而且colourful lights是名詞復(fù)數(shù)，因此stamp應(yīng)該變成復(fù)數(shù)stamps。

3. 動(dòng)詞變形

動(dòng)詞變形一般根據(jù)句意或者搭配可以考慮語(yǔ)態(tài)、時(shí)態(tài)變化或者是非謂語(yǔ)形式。也有可能變成名詞。以45題和49題為例：

Although they are sometimes shy， they have a strong mind and will try their best 45 （make） their dreams come true.

In January， 2023， an exhibition （展覽） about rabbits__49__（hold） in the US.

根據(jù)45題的句意，盡管他們有時(shí)候害羞，他們有堅(jiān)強(qiáng)的意志并且將會(huì)進(jìn)他們最大的努力____夢(mèng)想成真?？涨皌ry their best to do sth，考慮搭配問(wèn)題，因此這個(gè)空應(yīng)該填to make。

根據(jù)49題句意，在2023年1月，一個(gè)關(guān)于兔子的展覽在美國(guó)舉行。根據(jù)句意此題應(yīng)該是被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，同時(shí)注意in January，2023過(guò)去一個(gè)時(shí)間點(diǎn)，因此此題既要考慮被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，同時(shí)還要注意被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的時(shí)態(tài)問(wèn)題，應(yīng)填was held。

4. 形容詞變形

形容詞變形主要是變成副詞或者比較級(jí)最高級(jí)等。以46題為例：

It is said that rabbit people are much__46__（wise） than other people and love taking part in artistic activities.

根據(jù)46題的句意，據(jù)說(shuō)屬兔的人比其他人聰明的多而且喜歡參加藝術(shù)活動(dòng)。根據(jù)空后than判斷用比較級(jí)，以及空前are推斷此空填形容詞的比較級(jí)wiser。

5. 代詞變形

代詞變形主要是根據(jù)句子成分和句意需要變成主格、賓格、形容詞性物主代詞、名詞性物主代詞、反身代詞。以47題為例：

You can see__47__（they） across the world.

根據(jù)47題的句意，你可以在全世界看到他們。根據(jù)句子成分動(dòng)詞see后接賓語(yǔ)作賓格，同時(shí)空后沒(méi)有名詞，不需要填形容詞性物主代詞。據(jù)此此空應(yīng)填them。

綜上所述，解答語(yǔ)篇填空題，需要有扎實(shí)的基本功，認(rèn)真閱讀上下文，鎖定句子成分，按照要求填入適當(dāng)?shù)脑~。在日常的學(xué)習(xí)過(guò)程中，學(xué)生應(yīng)該注意單詞的拼寫(xiě)練習(xí)，以及相關(guān)的語(yǔ)法知識(shí)學(xué)習(xí)。

下面我們來(lái)小試身手：

Chinese painting is one of the oldest forms of painting in the world. Chinese artists first__1__（begin） painting more than two thousand years ago， and painters in China are still using many of the same__2__（method） today. Chinese painters often paint__3__（nature） scenes （風(fēng)景），animals and people. Buildings are seldom included， unless they make up__4 small part of a scene.

There are two types of traditional Chinese paintings. The__5__（one） is the gongbi style. This style of painting__6__（paint）in great detail （細(xì)節(jié)）and often uses a lot of colour， as well. The second style of Chinese painting is ink-wash painting （水墨畫(huà)）. Ink-wash paintings are done very quickly.__7__（their） may not always have much colour and also have__8__（little） detail than gongbi style. Long ago， most ink-wash artists didn’t work__9 painters， but painted as a hobby. 10 ， a good ink-wash artist could still become famous.

答案：1. began 2. methods 3. natural 4. a

5. first 6. is painted 7. They 8. less 9. as 10. However