姜經(jīng)志

一、fast, quick, quickly, soon

1.fast側(cè)重于指人或物運(yùn)動(dòng)速度快，它既可以作形容詞，也可以作副詞。例如：

Are you going there by the fast train? 你打算乘快車去那里嗎？

You are always saying I am growing so fast.

你總是說(shuō)：我長(zhǎng)得很快。（句中的fast指的是長(zhǎng)的速度快，每年要長(zhǎng)高不少。）

Computers are getting smaller, and computing faster and faster.

計(jì)算機(jī)變得越來(lái)越小了，而計(jì)算的速度卻越來(lái)越快了。

2.quick表示動(dòng)作短促、迅速，也可以指人的思維敏捷，反應(yīng)靈敏，常用作形容詞。例如：

Be quick, or well be late. 快點(diǎn)，不然我們就要遲到了。

After a quick breakfast, he goes to school by bike.

他很快吃完早飯，騎自行車去上學(xué)。

3.quickly側(cè)重指某事完成或發(fā)生的快，總共延續(xù)的時(shí)間很短，常指人的思維快，反應(yīng)快或動(dòng)作敏捷等。例如：

The next morning, the teacher asked the boy, “How did you find the answer so quickly?” 第二天，老師問(wèn)這個(gè)男孩：“你怎么能夠這樣快找到答案呢？”（句中的quickly指的是小男孩只花了很少的時(shí)間就找到了答案。）

The young man ran away quickly. 這個(gè)年輕人很快地逃掉了。（指逃跑這一動(dòng)作的迅速，而不是指ran的速度。）

4.soon側(cè)重于指兩件事的先后發(fā)生，中間的間隔時(shí)間很短。例如：

So I tried my best to find the answer quickly. Soon I found it.

因此，我想盡快把答案找出來(lái)，很快的，我找到了答案。（句中的soon指的是想找答案，和找到答案之間的間隔時(shí)間很短。）

Soon they were in the middle of the river. 很快他們就到了河中央。

另外，before long表示“不久、很快”之意時(shí)，和soon意思相當(dāng)。例如：

I think itll fit me quite well before long(=soon), Mum.

媽媽，我想這衣服很快就會(huì)適合我穿的。

[小試牛刀]請(qǐng)選用以上詞語(yǔ)的適當(dāng)形式填空。

1. He gives a ____ answer to the question.

2. This is a ____ train.

3. His father is a ____ worker.

4. The young man came back ____.

5. She dressed and went out ____.

Key: 1.quick 2.fast 3.fast/quick 4.soon 5.quickly

二、always, all the time

always是頻度副詞，意為“總是；一直；經(jīng)常”，表示動(dòng)作的重復(fù),狀態(tài)繼續(xù)，中間沒(méi)有間斷，通常用來(lái)修飾動(dòng)詞的一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)。例如：

Mr Brown is always at home on Sundays. 星期天布朗先生總是在家。

The sun always rises in the east. 太陽(yáng)總是從東方升起。

always如果修飾動(dòng)詞的進(jìn)行時(shí)，則有“老是；再三地”的意思，帶有厭煩、不滿、贊美等感情色彩。例如：

Kate is always helping the others. 凱特總是樂(lè)意幫助別人。（表贊揚(yáng)）

The boy is always asking whys.

這孩子老是問(wèn)這問(wèn)那，沒(méi)完沒(méi)了。（表厭煩）

They are always talking in class. 他們總是在課上講話。（表不滿）

all the time意為“一直；始終；老是”，表示某一個(gè)特定階段的開(kāi)始一直到結(jié)束，不表示頻度，多置于句末。例如：

They are running and jumping all the time. 他們一直跑呀跳呀。

The students listened to the teacher carefully all the time in class.

學(xué)生們一直在認(rèn)真聽(tīng)老師講課。

[小試牛刀]請(qǐng)選用以上詞語(yǔ)的適當(dāng)形式填空。

1. My father ____ goes to work early. Hes never late.

2. I find him working at his desk _____.

3. He was talking and walking and smoking ____.

4. The sun ____ rises in the east.

5. I ____ get up early at six oclock in the morning.

Key: 1.always 2.all the time 3.all the time 4.always 5.always

三、bring, take, get, carry

bring, take, get, carry都表示“帶”。

bring意為“帶來(lái)、拿來(lái)”，表示從別的地方將某人或某物帶到或拿到說(shuō)話者所在的地點(diǎn)來(lái)。例如：

Please ask Uncle Tom to bring you here in August.

請(qǐng)讓湯姆大叔八月份帶你過(guò)來(lái)。

take是bring的反義詞，表示“帶去、拿去”，指從說(shuō)話者所在地把某人或某物帶去或拿走。例如：

Remember to take your books when you leave.

當(dāng)你離開(kāi)時(shí)別忘記帶走你的書(shū)。

get所表達(dá)的意義較廣泛，就“拿”的意義來(lái)講，與fetch同義，表示請(qǐng)某人帶來(lái)或接某物來(lái)。常用于口語(yǔ)中。如：

Can you get some more water? 你能再取點(diǎn)水來(lái)嗎？

carry主要表示用力搬運(yùn)，或指隨身攜帶，不含有“帶去”或“帶來(lái)”的意義，沒(méi)有方向性。例如：

Why do you carry an umbrella on such a fine day?

天氣這么好你帶著雨傘干嘛？

[小試牛刀]請(qǐng)選用以上詞語(yǔ)的適當(dāng)形式填空。

1. ____ your umbrella with you when you leave.

2. Next time you come, ____ your son here.

3. Each of the soldiers ____ a big bag on his back this morning.

4. I must ____ my book back from him.

Key: 1.Take 2.bring 3.carries 4.get

四、too many, too much, much too

too many和too much都有“很多的，大量的”意思。 too many常用作形容詞，修飾可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)； too much常用作副詞或代詞，也可以用作形容詞修飾不可數(shù)名詞。much too修飾形容詞和副詞，意思是“太……”。例如：

There are too many people in the street. 街上有很多人。

He has too many things in his bag. 他包里有太多的東西。

Is watching TV too much good or bad for your health?

電視看得太多對(duì)你的健康有益還是有害？

We have too much homework to do. 我們有太多的作業(yè)要做。

The wallet is much too expensive. 這個(gè)錢包太貴了。

He drove much too fast. 他開(kāi)車開(kāi)得太快了。

[小試牛刀]請(qǐng)選用以上詞語(yǔ)的適當(dāng)形式填空。

1. They drank ____ beer yesterday.

2. It is ____ cold today.

3. The doctor told Mrs Brown not to eat ____.

4. This coat is ____ large for her.

5. Look!Therere ____ boats on the lake.

Key: 1.too much 2.much too 3.too much 4.much too 5.too many

五、think of, think about, think over

think of和think about這兩個(gè)短語(yǔ)表示“考慮”、“對(duì)……有某種看法”時(shí)，可以互換。例如：

Dont think of/about me any more. 不要再考慮我。

They are thinking about/of buying a new car before the price goes up. 他們正在考慮在漲價(jià)前買一輛新車。

What do you think of/about the film? 你認(rèn)為那部影片怎么樣？

think of表示下列意義時(shí)，一般不和think about換用：

1. 想要，打算。例如：

Helen, are you thinking of marrying Tom?

海倫，你打算和湯姆結(jié)婚嗎？

2. 想出；想到。例如：

Who thought of the idea? 誰(shuí)想出的這個(gè)主意？

3. 關(guān)心；想著。例如：

Lei Feng was always thinking of others. 雷鋒總是為別人著想。

4. 想起；記得。例如：

I cant think of his name. 我想不起他的名字。

think about表示“回想過(guò)去的事情”、“考慮某計(jì)劃是否切合實(shí)際”時(shí)，一般不和think of換用。例如：

I often thought about what you said last time I saw you.

我常常想到上次見(jiàn)到你時(shí)你說(shuō)的話。

think over意為“仔細(xì)考慮”。例如：

Think it over, and youll find a way.

仔細(xì)考慮一下，你就會(huì)有辦法的。

[小試牛刀]請(qǐng)選用about, over或of填空。

1. He couldnt think ____ my name at that moment.

2. Id like more time to think things ____.

3. You can think ____ it and let me know your decision later.

Key: 1.of 2.over 3.about

六、make, do

這兩個(gè)動(dòng)詞都可譯為“做”，但它們?cè)谟梅ㄉ嫌兴煌?/p>

do一般表示進(jìn)行某項(xiàng)活動(dòng)，常指做一件不具體的或抽象的事，也表示做某種工作?！白觥惫ぷ鳌⒆鳂I(yè)、練習(xí)題、早操等，習(xí)慣上都要用do。例如：

What do you usually do on Sundays? 你星期天通常做什么？

Hes doing his homework. 他正在做作業(yè)。

Its good for you to do morning exercises. 做早操對(duì)你有好處。

常見(jiàn)的含有do的搭配詞語(yǔ)有：

do housework做家務(wù)do sport 做運(yùn)動(dòng)do some shopping買東西

make一般指含有創(chuàng)造性的勞動(dòng)，意思側(cè)重于“制作”、“制造”，也就是將一些原來(lái)沒(méi)有的東西制造出來(lái)。“做”蛋糕、風(fēng)箏、衣服、紙花等習(xí)慣上用make。例如：

He is making a kite. 他正在制作一個(gè)風(fēng)箏。

My mother can make a cake. 我母親會(huì)做蛋糕。

常見(jiàn)的含有make的搭配詞語(yǔ)有：

make a living 謀生 make fire 生火

make friends 交朋友 make noise 吵鬧

[小試牛刀]請(qǐng)選用以上詞語(yǔ)的適當(dāng)形式填空。

1. The little boy likes ____ things.

2. The students are ____ morning exercises now.

3. The girl usually ____ housework for her mother on Sundays.

4. The child is ____ a model plane.

Key: 1.making 2.doing 3.does 4.making